Term
|
Definition
| England, US, France, Soviet Union |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Germany, Italy, and Japan |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ascended to power in 1933; was the Fuhrer of the Nazi Party; blamed the Jews |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Dictator of Italy; wanted to make a great Italian empire |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Enthroned in 1926; took over Japan after males were given the right to vote; proclaimed 'Showa' (enlightened peace) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One of Neville Chamberlain's opponents in Parliament who was against the Munich Agreement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Soviet leader who signed the Non-Aggression Pact with Hitler (which was later violated) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A form of government that believes the state is more important than the individual, maintains control of the economy, suppresses opposition, and is ruled by a dictator |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The name of Hitler's new government |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Signed by more than sixty countries that promised to negotiate rather than go to war over future disputes...its weakness was that it had no means of enforcement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Between Hitler and Stalin; promised that neither country would attack the other... ended up being violated |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Great Britain and France agreed to Hitler's capture of the Sudetenland in exchange for Hitler's promise not to claim any more land in Czechoslovakia or anywhere else |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Prohibited the sale of weapons to warring nations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Roosevelt called for a "quarantine" (economic and diplomatic sanctions) against any "aggressor" nations...infuriated devout isolationists |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| President could send aid to any nation whose defense was considered vital to the US national security |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Roosevelt said they were worth fighting for: Freedom of speech and expression, freedom of every person to worship in their own way, freedom from want, and freedom from fear |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Commanded the allied troops that landed off the coast of Algeria and Morocco; was made the Supreme Allied Commander of Operation Overlord; eventually became president |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Was forced to abandon the Philippines, but publicly vowed to liberate the islands |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Attacked the island of Sicily in July of 1943 and won in just 38 days |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| US Admiral determined to protect the island of Midway because it was key to preventing an invasion of Hawaii |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Movie theaters began playing these to depict the war effort in a positive light |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Were dropped from airplanes...contained propaganda intended to win over civilians or demoralize enemy soldiers by promoting one side's ideas and beliefs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The government paid artists to design these |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Allies used airplanes to drop needed supplies to soldiers in otherwise hard to get to areas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "lightning war"; used air power and tanks to strike fast and hard, moving rapidly into enemy territory. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Raged from July-October of 1940; thousands of German planes bombed British airfields and cities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| September of 1942: Germans began heavily bombing Stalingrad... Soviets held on until the brutal winter, when the Soviets finally attacked and forced the surrender of 90,000 German troops |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Churchill and Roosevelt met here in Morocco to discuss the next move of the Allies... decided that invading Italy would be next and that nothing but unconditional surrender would be accepted |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Germans attempted to pierce enemy lines and divide Allied forces in half in France... George Patton moved his army from western France to Luxembourg and Belgium, and the attack failed |
|
|
Term
| D-Day (Operation Overlord) |
|
Definition
| 500,000 troops came ashore on the beaches of Normandy...they met heavy gunfire but were able to advance further into France. On August 25, 1944, they fought into Paris and liberated the city from Germany. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Six million Jews and minorities were killed in concentration camps set up by Hitler |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hitler committed suicide... a week later, Germany surrendered, ending the war in Europe. People celebrated on May 8, 1945. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| December 7, 1941: Japanese aircraft destroyed the naval fleet in Pearl Harbor and killed 3,000 in 2 hours. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Attacking and conquering one group of islands and moving to the next, making their way to Japan |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| June '42- US attacked Japanese carriers as they were attempting to load bombs onto their planes on the island of Midway. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A bloody battle that helped the US take over Japan |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bloodiest battle fought as it took more than 100,000 US soldiers to defeat 25,000 Japanese in nearly a month |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Headed the Manhattan Project, which created the atomic bomb |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Top secret project to develop the atomic bomb |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A dangerous new nuclear weapon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| August 15, 1945- (Victory in Japan) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin met in December of 1943 to discuss invading France and creating a second front against Hitler |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Big Three met in Feb. 1945 to discuss military strategy and postwar policies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Stalin, Churchill, and Truman discussed postwar policies and signed the Potsdam Declaration, which restated "unconditional surrender" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 24 Nazi officials were tried. 12 were sentenced to death and the others received long prison sentences |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Drafted soldiers to fight in the war |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Largest branch for women. Due to personnel shortages and a great sense of need, women served at home and abroad in every role but combat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A song that described a woman working in the factory as a riveter while her boyfriend fought; became a symbol for women |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Est. by Roosevelt; Re-directed raw materials and resources from the production of civilian consumer goods to the production of materials needed for waging war |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Controlling how certain resources are distributed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sold to the public and raised money for the war effort |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Japanese-Americans were forced from their homes and businesses and placed in internment camps so they could be watched |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Gov't justified internment of Japanese Americans because of the 'military urgency of the situation'. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Over 2 million African Americans moved to the north for houses and jobs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Members of the generation born within the first few years after WWII |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Provided military veterans with benefits such as job priority, money for education, training, and loans |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Most weren't wealthy but weren't poor.... average citizen, mass produced housing, etc |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Neighborhoods that were constructed in weeks by William J. Levitt |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Churchill's nickname for the dividing line between the democracy of Western Europe and Stalin's communist rule in Russia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Provided nations in war-torn Europe much needed financial support from the US |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Reaffirmed the idea of containment; stated that the US would not hesitate to intervene and aid nations overseas to resist communism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Over 15 months, US and British planes delivered needed supplies to West Berlin, blockaded by Stalin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Central Intelligence Agency; Eisenhower trained anti-Castro, Cuban exiles for a Cuban invasion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| H-bomb; 1,000 times more powerful than the atomic bomb |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| North Korean forces crossed the 38th parallel; US came to South Korea's aid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What the Korean War was technically called....not a declared war |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The US would help any country in the Middle East that asked for help resisting communism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Soviets built a wall that separated communist East Germany from democratic West Berlin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1948- Became an independent Jewish nation....Arabs became angry |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Communist forces of Tao Tse-tung vs Nationalist forces of Chiang Kai-shek |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Drafted in 54... called for Vietnam to be divided into two nations. Communists ruled above the 17th parallel, while a US-backed gov't ruled below |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Became the Soviet leader after Stalin died in '53 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| American spy plane shot down over USSR... Eisenhower denied it but when Khrushchev had evidence, Eisenhower admitted but wouldn't apologize |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Limited nuclear testing between the US and the Soviets |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Overthrew the Cuban gov't and assumed power in 1959...executed his opponents and set up a communist regime |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A failed invasion approved by Kennedy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Castro allowed Soviets to store nuclear missiles 90 miles off of Florida...US spotted them and had tense relations for 13 days while they tried to negotiate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Formed by Kennedy; intended to establish economic cooperation between the US and Latin American countries |
|
|
Term
| NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) |
|
Definition
| Allied nations and provided collective security and a combined military force if an attack occurred |
|
|
Term
| O.A.S. (Organization of American States) |
|
Definition
| Meant to create cooperation and prevent Latin American nations from becoming communist |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Formed with Australia, New Zealand, the Philippines, Thailand, Pakistan, France, and Great Britain |
|
|
Term
| National Security Act, 1947 |
|
Definition
| Created the Department of Defense, National Security Council, CIA |
|
|
Term
| National Security Council |
|
Definition
| Consisted of the president, vice president, secretary of state, and the secretary of defense |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Like the League of Nations, it was intended to provide a place where countries could negotiate rather than go to war |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| United the communist countries of Eastern Europe; response to NATO |
|
|
