Term
|
Definition
| Annual flex sig at 10yo, Upper endoscopy at 25yo q 1-3 years, colectomy when polyposis is discovered. |
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Term
|
Definition
| C-scope q1-2 years at age 20 OR 10 years before age of diagnosis of family member. Annual c-scope after 40. Pelvic exam or (prophylactic TAH BSO) with CA-125 and urine cytology q1-2 years at 30 |
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Term
|
Definition
| C-scope 8 years after diagnosis with colectomy with dysplasia. |
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Term
|
Definition
| 3-2-1. 3 relatives, 2 generations, 1 person diagnosed before 50. |
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Term
|
Definition
Start at 50, unless...
...first degree relative with CoCA <60, then 40 or 10 years before relatives diagnosis, repeat q3-5
...first degree relative with CoCA >60, then at 40 repeat q10 if normal
...first degree relative with adenomatous polyps < 60 then 40 or 10 years before relatives diagnosis, repeat q5
...first degree relative with adenomatous polyps > 60 then start at 40 |
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Term
| Post-polypectomy surveillence |
|
Definition
More than 3-10 adenomas or any >1cm, villous features, high-grade dysplasia, cscope in 3 years. If f/u is normal, f/u 5 years after.
More than 10 should be examined more often.
Piecemeal removal indicates 2-6 month f/u c-scope |
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Term
| Antimitochondrial AB are diagnostic of |
|
Definition
| Primary biliary cirrhosis |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mass surveillance in a cirrhotic liver |
|
Definition
| <1cm, US. 1-2cm, two type of imaging, biopsy if only one is positive. >2cm only one image needed - if atypical, biopsy. |
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|
Term
| Focal nodular hyperplasia |
|
Definition
| non-malignant, appears as central scar with large artery and small branches mimicking cirrhosis |
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Term
|
Definition
| appears as sheets of hepatocytes with potential for CA and rupture. Hormone sensitive. |
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Term
| CholangioCA diagnosis and treatment |
|
Definition
| MRCP is best for evaluation. CA19-9. Only treatment is surgery. |
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Term
| AdenoCA at Ampula of Vader |
|
Definition
| Associated with FAP and HNPCC, CEA and / or CA19-9 positive. Whipple tx. |
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Term
|
Definition
Endoscopy if GERD > 5 years. If negative, screen again in 1 year, if still negative, every 5 years.
With low grade dysplasia, re-screen every 6 months x2, then annually until 80 yo.
If high grade - to surgery, or x3mo surveillance if refused x 2 years, then x6 months. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Surgery, radiation +/- chemo. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Dysphagia, regurgitation, relieved by placing arms over the head |
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Term
| Causes of pill esophagitis |
|
Definition
| Iron, K+, NSAIDs, bisphosphonates, tetracycline, quinidine. |
|
|
Term
| Alarm features in dyspepsia |
|
Definition
| > 55 yo w/new onset sx, FH of proximal GI CA, unintentional weight loss, progressive dysphagia, odynophagia, iron-deficiency, persistent vomiting, palpable mass, jaundice. |
|
|
Term
| CA associated with H. Pylori |
|
Definition
| MALT lymphoma (pan-gastritis, 80% early stage curable with PPI), gastric CA (corpus) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Triple (PPI, Clarithro 500 BID, Amox 500 BID.) then if failure, Quadruple tx (PPI, Flagyl, Tetracycline, bismuth) |
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|
Term
| Diagnosing GI stromal tumors |
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| salt, pickled or smoked foods, low veggie and citrus diets, tobacco, blood group A, chronic atrophic gastritis, H pylori, pernicious anemia, FAP, HNPCC, CDH1 |
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|
Term
| Nurtritional deficiencies s/p roux-en-y |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Early vs late dumping syndrome |
|
Definition
| Early:30 minutes after a meal with diarrhea, bloating, nausea. Late: 1-3 hours after, with glycopenic symptoms |
|
|
Term
| Symptoms of pancreatic adenoCA |
|
Definition
| +/- Abdominal pain radiating to back, painless jaundice, new onset DM, cachexia, wt loss. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Symptoms - diarrhea, dehydration, peptide hypokalemia, with 40-70% malignancy rate. Test with somatostatin receptor scintigraphy. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Ulcers, diarrhea, GERD with 60-90% malignancy rate. Test with somatostatin receptor scintigraphy. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
290 - 2 * (Na + K).
< 50 = secretory (abnormal ion transport)
> 125 = Osmotic
Osmolarity < 250 is factitious 2/2 laxative use. |
|
|
Term
| Acute vs chronic diarrhea |
|
Definition
| Acute < 2 weeks, chronic > 4 weeks. |
|
|
Term
| Predisposing factors for small-intestine bacterial overgrowth |
|
Definition
Hypochlorhydria (PPIs H2 blockers, gastric atrophy), dysmotility, SI dilitation, surgical creations (blind loops, ileocecalectomy)
Tx with abx and carbohydrate restriction |
|
|
Term
| Crohns extra GI manifestations |
|
Definition
| rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondilitis, erythema nodosum |
|
|
Term
| UC extra-colonic involvement |
|
Definition
| pyoderma gangrenosum, Primary sclerosing cholangitis |
|
|
Term
| IBD and colonic screening |
|
Definition
| every 1 to 2 years starting 8 years after diagnosis. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Sacchromyces cerevisiae ab (ASCA) (50%) but only 15-20% p-ANCA |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 2/3 with p-ANCA but <5% with ASCA |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 5-ASA / mesalamine->topical steroids->Azathioprine / 6-MP (test for thiopurine activity) -> MTX (hepatotoxicity) -> anti-TNF-alpha (test for TB) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| 5ASA -> steroids (short term) -> azathiaprine / 6-MP -> inflixamab / cyclosporine |
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|
Term
| Alarm features in constipation |
|
Definition
| rectal bleeding, occult + stool, wt loss, FH of CoCA or IBD, anemia, acute onset |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Anti smooth muscle antibody predicts... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Rome III criteria for IBS |
|
Definition
| Recurrent abd. pain and change in bowel habits > 6 months, with symptoms at least 3 days / month x 3 months. Pain is relieved by BM, onset of pain related to change in stool frequency or appearance of stool. |
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Term
| Cholestasis is treated with |
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Definition
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