Term
| Obstruction, megacolon/megarectum |
|
Definition
| * Laxatives are contraindicated for pts with |
|
|
Term
Natural plants: bran, psyllium
synthetic: methylcellulose, polycarbophil |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Surfactant laxatives- decrease surface tension of stool which allows lipids and water to soften the stool |
|
Definition
| What are stool softeners and MAO |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cations->osmotic water retention->distenstion->peristalsis ->Mg agents also stimmulate CCK (cholecystokinin) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| only lax approved for fecal impaction |
|
|
Term
| Mg' NaPO4 (MgSO4, MgOH, Mg Citrate) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Glycerine
Laculose
Sorbitol
Mannitol
Polyethylene Blycol |
|
Definition
| 5 non - digestible sugars and alcohols |
|
|
Term
| Lactulose; increases ammonium excretion |
|
Definition
| Used to treat hepatic encephalopathy and MAO |
|
|
Term
| Induces low grade inflammation and stimulates motility |
|
Definition
| MAO of stimulant laxatives |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| short term tx of constipation prior to bowel procedures |
|
Definition
| Usage for a Stimulant laxative |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The Diphenylmethane derivative Stimulant laxative |
|
|
Term
Aloe vera
Senna
Cacara sagrada
Rhubarb
Ricinoleic Acid |
|
Definition
| Anthraquinone derivatives stimulant laxatives (4) |
|
|
Term
Lubiprostone
Methynaltrexone
Alvimopan |
|
Definition
| Non- Diphenylmethane/anthraquinone stimulant laxatives (3) |
|
|
Term
| constipation/bowel cleaning |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cramping and increase fluid excreation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| irritation-> giant migrating colon contractions and water secretion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Stimulates type 2-Cl channel in SI |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chronic constipation, IBS w/ predominant constipation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Methylnatrexone and Alvimopan |
|
Definition
| Opioid rec antagonists that do not cross BBB |
|
|
Term
Opoid agonists
a-2 agonists
Bile salt binding resins
Bismuth
Octreotide |
|
Definition
| Classes of antidiarrheals |
|
|
Term
| for chronic diarrhea but contraindicated in bloody diarrhea, high fever, systemic toxicity |
|
Definition
| What are the uses and contraindications of antidiarrheals |
|
|
Term
| Inhibits Ach release to decrease motility and increase water reabsorption |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Loperamide
Diphenoxylate
Difenoxin Hydrochloride |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Atropine
Toxic megacolon and anticholinergic |
|
Definition
| Added to diphenoxylate/difenoxin to stop abuse and what are the AE's |
|
|
Term
| Presynaptic a-2 agonist- increase transit time/absorption |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Diarrhea in DIABETICS; can cause hypotension/depression |
|
Definition
| Use and AE's of Clonidine |
|
|
Term
Cholestyramine/Colestipol
Can make diarrhea worse in pts w/bile depletion, also decrease absorption of drugs and vitamins |
|
Definition
| Name 2 Bile salt resins and the AE's |
|
|
Term
| Anti-secretory, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Impaction in infants, darkening of stool and tongue |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
peptide analog of somatostatin - inhibit GI hormones
Carcinoid tumors, VIPomas, AIDS diarrhea, vagotomy, SBS |
|
Definition
| Octreotide MOA and what it Treats |
|
|
Term
CTZ- chemo trigger zone
Vagal afferents
Irritation of pharynx
Vestibular system
Cerebral cortex |
|
Definition
| Emesis center of brain stem receives what 5 inputs |
|
|
Term
Ondansetron
Granisetron
Doasetron
-Trons |
|
Definition
| 5-HT3 serotonin receptro antagonists (3) used to treat vomiting |
|
|
Term
| chemotherapy induced nausea |
|
Definition
| What kind of vomiting are 5HT3 rec antags used for |
|
|
Term
| Alosetron and Cilansteron |
|
Definition
| What are the 5-Ht3s that treat IBS |
|
|
Term
Phenothiazines
Butyrophenones
Substituted Benzamides |
|
Definition
| 3 categories of dopamine receptor antags |
|
|
Term
prochlorperazine and promethazine
Antipsychotics used for vestibular induced vomiting |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Droperidol, Haloperidol
Post operative nausea
AE: hypotension, tach |
|
Definition
| 2 brutyrophenones, Uses, and AEs |
|
|
Term
Metoclopramide - blocks D2 receptors @ CTZ, 5HT4
2nd line for nausea from chemo |
|
Definition
| name a benzamide and MAO, USe |
|
|
Term
| Perkinsonism, dystonia, restlessness |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Lorazepam
Diazepam
Increases GABA |
|
Definition
| 2 Benzodiazepines and MOA |
|
|
Term
| Anti-anxiety agents to prevent anticipatory vomiting |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Diphenhydramine
Dimenhydrinate
Cyclizine
Meclizine
Hyoscine (mtion sickness/post OP) |
|
Definition
| 5 Antihitamine/anticholinergics |
|
|
Term
3- Dicyclomine, hyoscyamine
4- glycopyrrolate, Methscopalamine |
|
Definition
| 3 degree and 4th degree amines (2 each) |
|
|
Term
Dronabinol and Nabilone
chemo induced vomiting |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Dexamthasone
Methylprednisone |
|
Definition
| 2 corticosteroids for chemo induced nausea |
|
|
Term
| Ipecac Serum; Direct stimulation of CTZ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Cholinomimetics- Bethanechol, neostigmine
2. Dopamine Receptor Antags- Metoclopramide/Domperidoen
3. Serotonin receptor modulator-Metoclopramide
4. Motilin like Agents-Erythromycin, azithro, carithro |
|
Definition
| 4 Prokinetic Agents and Examples |
|
|
Term
| 5-HT4 agonist: increase LES tone, gastric emptying, and SI contractions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Metaclopramide really helps in |
|
|
Term
| Aminosalicylates (sulfasalazine, osalazine, mesalamine) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Prednisone, hydrocortisone, methylprednisolone |
|
Definition
| 3 glucocorticoids used in IBD |
|
|
Term
| Metronidazole and Ciprofloxacin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Azathiprine- purine analog |
|
Definition
| Immunosuppressant in IBD and MOA |
|
|
Term
| Infliximab, Adalimumab, entanercept, Certolizumab pegol |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Blocks Il1, Il6, leukocytes |
|
Definition
| Added effects of infliximab |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anti-integrin used in IBD |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Only prescibe laxative if ______is understood |
|
|
Term
| Dietary Fiber then Laxative |
|
Definition
|
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