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| Perseid Variables (stars) |
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1)variable intensity
2)relative intensity measured by telescope
3)distance from comparison of absolute and relative intensity and 1/r^(2) fraction
4)absolute intensity calculated from periodic variation |
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| quarks and electrons form |
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| quarks cool to form hadrons |
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| nebula protostar main sequence star red supergiant supernove exploion to either black hole or neutron star |
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| elements are scattered by |
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| steller winds and supernovae |
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| 4.5 to 4 Ga HELL ON EARTh |
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| What factors led to the heating of Earthis interior |
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| Where did the water that fills the oceans come from |
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| the expulsion of water vapor during continual volcanic eruptions |
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| An increase in oxygen in Earth's early atomosphere woyld inhibit |
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| the development of an ozone layer in earths atmosphere |
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| layers of earth inside out |
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solid iron inner core
liquid iron outer core
mantle
crust |
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| the identity of an element is determined by |
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| crystalline homogeneuos solid, definite chemical composition, inorganic, occurs naturally |
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| same formula different structure |
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| cool from molten magma at 1100C to 650 C |
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| adding volatiles to hot dry rocks |
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| dramatically lowers melting temps |
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| big dent in volcano opening |
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| is a process accommodating the ascent of magmatic bodies from their sources in the mantle (geology) or lower crust to the surface |
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| magma tends to rise toawrds the suraface |
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| because magma contains kighter elemnts than the surrounding ricks |
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| falls out of the air during volcanic erupution |
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| airborn particles fuse together in tearshapes |
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| pyroclastic flow OR NUEE ARDENTE |
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| superheated gaaes that travel over 300 kn/hr at temps from 200-450C |
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| volcanic mudflow or landslide |
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| intrusive igneous body that measures 10m to 10kms in extent |
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| intrusive igneous rock that is larger than 10 km in extent |
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| igneous intrusive that runs parallel to rock |
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| AN IGNEOUS INTRUSION THAT CUTS ACROSS BEDDING |
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| disintergration near the surface |
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| disintegration by transporation |
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| goldrich rules of weathering |
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| iron rich minearls weather fast silica rich minerals wather slowly |
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| O(organic), A(organic and mineral matter, e(zone of leeching), b(zone of accumultaion), c(partially altered parent material) |
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| example variation in road |
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