Term
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Definition
| naturally occuring, inorganic, crytalline solid with a definite chemical composition |
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Term
| What deos inorganic mean when describing a mineral? |
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Definition
| Inorganic is when carbon bonds with an element that is not hydrogen. |
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Term
| what does biogenic mean? Expalin. |
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Definition
| means a mineral from a living organism. an example is an oyster shell. |
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Term
| what does crystalline solid mean? |
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Definition
| Crystalline solid is when atoms are arranged in an orderly repeating 3D pattern. |
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Term
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Definition
| a single continous piece of crystalline solid bounded by crystal surfaces |
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Term
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Definition
| good crystal faces, grown in open cavity |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What are the process that minerals form through ? |
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Definition
| Solidfication, diffusion, precipitation, and Biomineralization |
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Term
| what is Diffusion of a mineral? |
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Definition
| chemical reaction at high T and P that result in new minerals |
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Term
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Definition
| when an aqeous solution is saturate by a dissolved solid |
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Term
| how to identify a mineral? |
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Definition
| colur, streak, luster, hardness, specific gravity, cleavage or fracture. |
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Term
| what percent do Oxygen and silicon take up of the earths crust ? |
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Definition
| 74.3% of crustal minerals. Oxygen 47% and silicon 28% |
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Term
| how are minerals classified? |
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Definition
| Into 8 mineral classes depending on their chemical composition |
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Term
| name the 8 groups minerals are classified into |
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Definition
| Oxides, sulfides, halides, carbonates ,silicates, sulfates (native elements) |
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Term
| what is the most common mineral group |
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Definition
| Silicates, building blocks |
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Term
| which mineral group reacts with acid |
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Definition
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Term
| which mineral group is magnetic? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the defintion of a rock |
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Definition
| Naturally occuring solid; aggregate of minerals or body of organic matter of glass |
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Term
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Definition
| an igenous rock consisting of a solid mass of volcanic glass |
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Term
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Definition
| Arock formation that is visible on the surface |
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Term
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Definition
| well formed faces of crystals |
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Term
| what is the most common rock on earth? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are igneous rocks made? |
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Definition
| through solidifcation, fressing and cooling of a melt |
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Term
| What takes up 83% of the earths volume? |
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Definition
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Term
| What part of the earths crust is low in silica? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the Asthenosphere |
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Definition
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Term
| What is an example of a Plutonic igenous rock ? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is an example of intrusive igneous rock? |
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Definition
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Term
| True or False: Extrusive Igenous rocks have small crystals |
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Definition
| True, the longer a crystals takes to form the larger the crystals and extrusive rocks cool quickly so they have smaller crystals |
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Term
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Definition
| When the hot mantle rises to shallow depths |
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Term
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Definition
| CO2 and H2O which cause melting, this is also know as flux melting |
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Term
| T or F: Is Rhyloite more Felsic |
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Definition
| True becuase it is an extrusive rock it is more felsic |
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Term
| What happens to silica when temperature is increased ? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The melt is less dnese so bouyancy force allows it to rise to the crust |
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Term
| what happens if magma stays in place? |
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Definition
| It will remain hot and not crystalize |
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Term
| 2 benefits from magma & lava |
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Definition
| creation of new land, and mineral depoists |
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Term
| True or False: A more viscous lava flow is Felsic |
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Definition
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Term
| What does adding volatiles do to the viscousity of a flow |
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Definition
| decrease viscosity, low viscosity |
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Term
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Definition
| group of plutons covers large area |
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Term
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Definition
| a blister shaped intrusion |
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Term
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Definition
| Sediments exist in form of layer of unconsolidated debris |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| water is trapped inbetween a joint and freeze during the night causing expansion |
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Term
| what is chemical weathering |
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Definition
| alteration/ decomposition or dissolution of minerals |
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Term
| what is oxidation, give an example |
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Definition
| the reaction when an element looses an eletron, rusting |
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Term
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Definition
| A chemical weathering, where chemicals react with water |
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