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mappable rock unit that is defined on the basis of lithology (phys, chem characterisitics od the rock) NOT by age |
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| organization of strata/rock layers based upon their fossil content |
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1. each rock unit had a characteristic, distinct assemblage of fossils 2. these same fossil assemblages could be recognized at other places 3. fossil assemblages occured in same sequence at different places |
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| principle of fossil succession |
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| fossil assemblages succeed one another through time in regular, preditable order |
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| environ like floodplain and shallow marine shelves that cover large areas |
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| long but thin environments (river, beaches) |
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| large triangular shapes due to sediment spreading out from one point- deltas, alluvial fans, deep sea turbidite fans |
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| graded bedding with flame structure |
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course--> fine crystals found at turbidite environment ex. lanslide/avalanche under water |
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| form from erosional eddies in turbidite flow, and scour marks at base of the deposit that fill with sand when current loses velocity |
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| such as verticle burrows, reflect high energy conditions, horizontal ones are low energy setting |
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| river that winds in gently sloping terrain, depositing sediment on the inside of each curve |
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| inside of bend where things are deposited |
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| lowland area adjacent to the river where fine-grained sediments are deposited when the river overflows its banks |
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| marginal marine environments |
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| continental, undirectly cross bedded sands, coal, and freshwater to brackish fauna |
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| swamps yield thick coals and shales with nonmarine fossils. |
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| shales with brackish water fossils, saltwater swamps |
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| facies of delta plain depositional environ |
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coals lenses of sandstone shales |
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| elongated island that parrels the coastline and is composed mostly of sand piled up by waves and longshore currents |
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| lie btwn barrier islands and mainland, fine grained sediment |
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| nearly flat coastal area formed by mud |
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| above tidal flats where plans grow and plant debris build up |
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| horizontal upper surface of the roof (near sea level) |
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| pile of rubble that slopes seaward from reef front |
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| circular or horseshoe-shaped reef growing on submerged volcanoe |
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| big steps in fossil formation |
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death decomposition/decay rapid burial |
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Definition
any chem, phys, biological change undergone by sed/organism after its initial decomposition(death) |
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