Term
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Definition
Water filling open spaces in rock, sediment, and
soil beneath the surface |
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Term
| GroundWater additional use |
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Definition
erosional agent and geothermal
energy |
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Term
Groundwater comprises (something) of the world’s
supply of freshwater |
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Definition
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Term
Water enters the groundwater reservoir via several
pathways |
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Definition
ground infiltration of precipitation as well as
infiltration from streams, lakes, swamps, artificial
recharge ponds and water treatment systems |
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Term
Movement of groundwater through the tiny pores of soil,
sediment, and rock filters out many impurities such |
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Definition
| disease-causing microorganisms and pollutants. |
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Term
| Water in the hydrosphere: Ocean,Ice caps,lakes and stream |
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Definition
Ocean: 97.2%
Ice caps: 2.15%
Lakes and Stream: 0.65% |
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Term
(something) of the earth’s unfrozen fresh water exists as groundwater
(something) of the public water supply in the US is derived from groundwater |
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Definition
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Term
| (something) of the largest 100 cities in the US depend entirely on groundwater, a reflection of the fact that it is(something) |
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Definition
34
the cheapest source of municipal water |
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Term
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Definition
*proportion of void space within
or between mineral grains
*percentage of the material’s total volume
[image][image]that is pore space and determines the amount of ground-water a material can
hold |
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Term
Permeability
and depends on |
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Definition
*measure of how readily a fluid passes through the material (hydraulic conductivity) or capacity of a material to
transmit fluids
*on pore size and interconnectedness |
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Term
|
Definition
a rock that may store water but
in which water flow is slowed
*(low porosity and permeability) |
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Term
|
Definition
a rock that is impermeable, an
extreme aquitard. This term is not
commonly used today |
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Term
|
Definition
intergranular
solution
fracture |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
*A permeable layer transporting groundwater
*Sand and gravel deposits, fractured granite, and limestone with solution
cavities |
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Term
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Definition
| Impermeable materials that prevent groundwater movement |
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Term
|
Definition
Shale and unfractured igneous and
metamorphic rocks |
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Term
| Porosity and permeability |
|
Definition
| control groundwater movement and recoverability |
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Term
porosity of sedimentary rocks
less pore space
more poor space |
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Definition
*poorly rounded, poorly sorted, well cemented
*well rounded, well sorted, no cement |
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Term
sedimentary rocks
vesicle
bedding planes |
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Definition
porous but not permeable
permeable but not porous |
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Term
ground surface
zone of aeration
capillary fringe
water table
zone of saturation
Infiltration |
|
Definition
organic soil
*Region in the ground in which pore spaces are filled with air
*The upward movement of water through very small pore spaces
*The interface between the zone of saturation and the zone of aeration
*Region in the ground in which pore spaces are filled with water
*The downward movement of water through pore spaces of permeable rock or soil |
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Term
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Definition
| Only the water that infiltrates the soil will contribute to groundwater |
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Term
Factors Affecting Infiltration
*Grade slope
*steep slope
* Heavy precipitation
*space vegetation
*Dense vegetation
*Gravel
*sand
*clay |
|
Definition
* low runoff much infiltration
*much runoff but poor infiltration
* ground surface saturated but poor infiltration
* good infiltration
*poor infiltration
*Good Infiltration
*Moderate Infiltration
*poor Infiltration |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| how much can a aquifer yield day to day without depleting resource |
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Term
|
Definition
| high to low pressure- hill to river |
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Term
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Definition
| water table map from wells indicate flows |
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Term
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Definition
| where gw enter streams or lakes or withdrawn |
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Term
| Water table rise or fall base on |
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Definition
| the ratio of recharge to discharge |
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Term
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Definition
| gw laterally intersect land surface and is discharge - at cavities and fractures |
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Term
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Definition
| opening that connects to the zone of saturation |
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Term
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Definition
| when too much water is withdrawn from well |
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Term
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Definition
| distribution, rock types, porosity and permeability fracture patterns well depth |
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Term
|
Definition
| sloping aquifers is confined- enough recharge to keep filled- hydrostatic build up- ground water rise to the top of the aquifer wells |
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Term
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Definition
| gw rise where aquifer intersects surface- moves up fault |
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Term
| Erosion and deposition gw cause chemical weathering – soluble rocks- |
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Definition
| limestone- karst topography |
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Term
|
Definition
| openings from soluble rocks enlarged by seeping water |
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Term
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Definition
| water dissolves carbonate rock forming a cavities solution- water table drains into formed cavities therefore interconnected system- water seeping into cave form cave deposits |
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Term
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Definition
| icicle-shaped masses suspended from cave ceilings. grow in low sea level |
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Term
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Definition
| (4) municipal supplies, (5) rural use, (1) irrigation, (3) self- supplied industry use and (2) thermo-electric power |
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Term
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Definition
| overdrafts removing more water than recharge |
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Term
| Solution for overexerting water table |
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Definition
| low energy precision application, water meters, treated waste water for irrigations, water diversion programs |
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Term
| High withdrawal of the gwt results in compaction and subsidence |
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Definition
| reduction in porosity- aka venice |
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Term
|
Definition
| gw less dense, when depleted the saltwater enter the well |
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Term
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Definition
| pond used to recharge freshwater system thus pushing the saltwater beyond the well |
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Term
| Urbanization increase or decrease recharge |
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Definition
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Term
| which aquifers is affected most by loss of recharge confined of unconfined |
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Definition
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Term
| water withdrawal can dry up |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 500 ppm or even less according to the tds |
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