Term
| is it reasonable to say that mass wasting takes place before weathering |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| unweathered material cannot partake in mass wasting |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Thick soils are an indication of |
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| produces only suluble salts |
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|
Term
| granite weathers slower in the tropics |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which tombstone would last the shortest? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the fastest weathering takes place when it is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| as weathering and soil thickness develop over time |
|
Definition
| both processes tend to increase |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| vegetation density is a factor in weathering rates |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| granite has a smaller solubility than limestone |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the loss of inscriptions over time on gravestones is from physical weathering |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| speed up... once some soil is established in a particular area |
|
|
Term
| soils are formed dominatly by chemical weathering |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| dry deserts have faster weathing than temperate damp locations |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the weatering product of feldspar is |
|
Definition
| kaolinite.potassium ions. kaolinite and silica |
|
|
Term
| rock rind is something that has to be removed before weathering can start |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the greater the number of fractures in a rock, the |
|
Definition
| faster the rate of weathering |
|
|
Term
| warm dry deserts have faster weathering than cold dry locations |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the acid part of carbonic acid is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when we talk of acid rain as a problem we refer to nitric and or sulfuric acid |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when global weathering suddenly increases the resultant effect on atmosphereic carbon dioxide is a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| if you chop a cube in half in three directions you raise surface area by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| microorganisms in the soil tend to make the soil somewhat |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| all rain is slightly acid |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the breakdown of feldspar to kaolinite and other salts is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| carbon dioxide ranks in atmosphere abundance as |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| is it possible that rainwater can actually increase in acidity as it percolates downward |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| in general high temperature silicates tend to weather |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| calcite and halite solubility is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| clay is an ultimate weathering product that do not breakdown any further |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| gibbsite and hematite are |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the red color of monument valley rocks would suggest that their past has involved |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| all silicates form clay minerals |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the oxidized state of Fe is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the type of iron in a red bed is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| limestone would have a higher weathering rate than basalt |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| quartz has a lower solubility than most other minerals |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sets of joints in rocks are |
|
Definition
| caused by stresses while they were buried |
|
|
Term
| in general, an igneous rock with high temp. minerals will tend to weather faster than one with low tem. minerals |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a tree root is not considered part of a weathering processs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| amphiboles are more prone to weathering than pyroxenes |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| forst wedging cannot break large rocks |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when water freezes, it expands by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| exfoliation produces sets of joints parallel to the rock surface |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a crystallizing salt crystal is too feeble to partake in mechanical weathering |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| joint enlargement through spheroidal weathering is a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the topmost soil horizon is the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| alfisols and entisols are differentiated |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| salt depletion takes place in the horizon lettered as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| salt addition and soil clogging takes place in the horizon lettered as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| remnants of resh rock are found in the horizon lettered as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the most important part of the soil to a gardener would be the humus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| to a geologist, the humus is the soil |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the soil of an engineer and the soil of a geologist are different |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the dust of the mon should be called soil rather than regolith |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the prime influence in all mass movement is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| was rainfall a factor in the laguna beach 2005 slides |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| THE DEATHS ON THE FLANKS OF CASITA VOLCANO WERE ASSOCIATED WITH |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the angle of repose is the |
|
Definition
| angle of slip plane in a traslational landslide |
|
|
Term
| moist sand has a higher angle of repose than dry sand |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| wet sand has a higher angle of repose than dry sand |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| volcanic cinder cone slopes tend to be at the angle of repose |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| surface tension strengthens soil the best when soil is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| surface tension pushes grains of sand apart |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reduce risk for landslides |
|
|
Term
| stronger rocks tend to fragment in |
|
Definition
| larger fragments than weaker rocks |
|
|
Term
| liquefaction at turnagain heights took place at |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| liquefaction results from |
|
Definition
| raised hydrostatic pressure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| more stable when lithostatic pressure is higher than hydro pressure |
|
|
Term
| liquefaction involves a layer of sediment |
|
Definition
| becoming more compacted during an earthquake |
|
|
Term
| creep is found primarily in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| joints are often a factor in rock falls |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a rock fall is considered to take place in consolidated rocks |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| failure of an exfoliated slab of granite would be considered |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| rock avalanches are usually dry phenomena |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the book considered slumps as phenomena in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| it is safer to build on slopes where the bedding dip parallels the slope of the hillside than on slopes where the dip is 90 degrees in the opposite direction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fenceposts lean uphill due to creep |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the outward force is greater on the base of a cliff than the top of the cliff during a rotational failure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a rotational landslide is a slump |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the gros ventre slide was translated along bedding |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| slip planes in rock slides can be joints, faults, bedding or foliation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the velocity of the huascaran debris avalance exceeded 400 km.hr |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| angular debis at the foot of a slope is called talus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the viaont dam disaster was caued by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| rock avalances sometimes have high pressure air lubrication |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| between 1950 and 1990 US water use |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| between 1950 and 1990 US per capita water use |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the dominant currently useable freshwater source is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the dominant currently useable freshwater source is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| more than 1 billion cu km of water in the oceans |
|
|
Term
| world runoff in cu km.year is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| less than 10% of the hydrologic cycle throughput |
|
|
Term
| sublimation is associated with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| there is more water in the biosphere than in the atmosphere |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the amount of water returning to the sea every year, when combined with teh evapotranspiration from land, always equals the precipitation onto the land |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the rain shadow is the area underneath the largest clouds |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| reservoir extraction for agricultural use is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the highest precipitation in the west is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| since 2000, government and courts have tended to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| porosity is defined only as the amount of space between grains |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| would a cave in limestone count toward vuggy porosity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the water table sits at the top of the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| clay would be considered an aquiclude |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a stream that flows well into the dry season is probably |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a stream that recharges the groundwater is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| always overlies a confined aquifer |
|
|
Term
| confined aqufers can be more easily polluted by non-point source pollution than unconfined aquifers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a confined aquifer is one that water cannot enter |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| artesian flows are normally found in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| perched water tables can be surrounded by unsaturated rocks |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a cone of depression results from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| groundwater withdrawal can result in ground subsidence |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| salt water floats on top of fresh water in coastal areas |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| if sea level rises, so will sea water intrusion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| K in the darcy formula is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| water flow is as much influenced by permeability as hydraulic gradient |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the famous french hydrologist was |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| typical ground water flows in gravel at |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| irrigation withdrawals from groundwater were at an alltime high in the 1990s |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the great aquifer being depleted in texas is the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in california groundwater supplies are |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| groundwater cannot erode rock |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which is associated with industrial cleaners |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which is associated with blue baby syndrome |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| if water contains 150 ppm dissolved material, it would be considered to be of good quality |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| meteoric water comes from meteors |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hard water by definition tastes bad |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| there is no useful fresh water in the rocks at 8 km depth |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| rivers annually carry 16 billion tons of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| human activity has resulted in river sediment loads |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| river valleys are those portions of the floodplain that are sometimes wet with river flow |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| evidence of meandering stream challens are seen on other planetsq |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| meanders are found in the flatter lower parts of rivers rather than headwaters |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| point bars are locatied on the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| still lies ona flood plain |
|
|
Term
| to have an oxbow lake you must have a cutoff |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| floodplains define all of the sides of a river valley |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the channel is saturated in sediment |
|
|
Term
| the mississippi was shortened by the corps of engineers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the natural levees are higher than the natural floodplain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| so called natural levees are the ones constructed by native americans |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| natural levees develop as flood water slow down as they spill from a channel |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the next highest flood disaster to katrina was |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| divides separate drainage basins |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a stream system developed in unjonted, uniform rock is likely to be |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in the appalachian fold belt you get |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| from our discussion of san luis creek at the irish hills, would you describe the river as being |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| from our discussion of the colorad at the grand canyon, would you describe the river as being antecendent |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| can a drainage basin also be called a watershed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| headward erosion makes a river |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| to get a pothole you must have turbulent flow |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| flowing water can sometimes show laminar flow |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| suspended load slides rather than rolls along the stream bed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the amount of sediment a river can carry is the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| it can take a higher flow velocity to erode a clay than to erode a sand |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sediments will be eroded from a bed at a lower flow velocity than the velocity at which the sediment was first deposited on the bed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| high electric charge to mass ratio compared to sands |
|
|
Term
| dunes are essentially large ripples |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when river velocity increase to high levels |
|
Definition
| dune sizes increase and then get smoothed out to a flat bed |
|
|
Term
| the mississippi delta contains many |
|
Definition
| distributaries of the mississippi |
|
|
Term
| the most seaward part of a delta is composed of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| over time, an individual sediment grain within a delta tends to |
|
Definition
| fall in elevation relative to sea level |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| to measure discharge you only need to know whater velocity and not the depth of the river |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the 10 year flood doesnt happeen every 10 years |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 20% chance of happening each year |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a river is described as graded when it is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cannot cut below base level |
|
|
Term
| river bed slopes are greatest |
|
Definition
| closest to the base level location |
|
|
Term
| if a river ponds behind a dam, and the water flows over the dam, the effect on the river bottom below the dam and downstream of the immediate point of impact of the water is to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| alluvial fans are associated with a fast decelleration in water velocity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| headward erosion takes place due to faster water velocities at the head |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| terraces are remnants of abandoned longitudinal profiles |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the river that gave its name to deltas is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the platte river appears to be a graded stream |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| if base level changes, a change in the river bed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the fist scientific oceanographic expendition was |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ocean salinity and composition throughout the world ocean is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the oldest sea floor is about |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a typical locally generated ocean wave is smaller in wave length than a swell |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| wave height for a wave is twice the wave height that would be defined by a physicist |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the time period between successive waves is called the wavelength |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| swells travel further than most waves |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| all waves move at the same velocity in the open ocean |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| water motion for molecules in a wave is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in the deep ocean water is transported in a current in the direction of wave motion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| wave refraction takes place when one part of a wave is in shallower water than another part |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in the surf zone waves actually transport water molecules toward the beach |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| backwash is the opposite of forewash |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| longshore drift refers to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| longshore currents are strongest when the waves and wind come straight into the beach at right angles |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the moon's tidal force is weakest for the planet under one of the two high tide locations |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the sun gives a weaker tide than the moon |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| water physically moves onto the beach face when waves break, piling up head that drives currents |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tidal heights are highly variable around the world |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tidal surges are caused by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the daily high tide is called a tidal surge |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| flood is the opposite of ebb in tidal terminology |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when the moon is on the far side of the earth from the sun you get neap tides |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| summer profile beaches formed in times of small waves are wider than winter profile beaches |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| off shore sand bars oceanward of the surf are larger on winter profile beaches |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| putting up a groin to save a beach will always be at another beach's expense |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| highest surge ever recorded |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| off the west african coast |
|
|
Term
| katrina was the strongest hurrcane to hit the US |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| releases to the air's thermal energy |
|
|
Term
| northern hemisphere hurricanes are |
|
Definition
| never have clockwise spins |
|
|
Term
| the highest hurrcane scale humber is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| beach types can depend on the erodability of the bluffs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| morro bay has a more stable sand budget than orange county |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a spit is generally smaller than a barrier island |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| barrier islands are formed because of longshore drift |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| barrier islands are formed because of longshore drift |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| chesapeake bay was once a river valley |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sea level is constantly getting lower, as witness the coastal terraces at cyucus and pismo beach |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the east coast of the US in an |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the west coast of the US in an |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the continental shelf is formed from rocks that once originated at an ocean ridge |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| turbidity currents are essentially underwater landslides |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| turbidities comes form turbidity currents |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| can gas hydrates cause landslides |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| turbidities are common on the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| submarine fans occur oceanward of the continental slope |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| submarine canyons can be cut by turbility currents |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| all submarine canyons are cut by turbidity currents and never by rivers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| beyond the continental rise as you go offshore is the continental slope |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the entire continental slope is exposed in an ice age |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| you can measure the elevation of the sea floor from the height of the ocean surface |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| seamounts usually are volcanic |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a guyot once protruded above the sea surface |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the bottoms of axial rift valleys are not as deep as trenches |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| basaltic plateaus are found in the oceans |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| calcareous oozes are found only below the CCD |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| diatoms and roadiolaria are |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| foraminifera and coccoliths are |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| mangenese nodules are found on |
|
Definition
|
|
