Term
| Aromatic Hydrocarbon: General Definition |
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Definition
| Alternating Double and single bonds between carbon atoms. Named for the pungent aroma. |
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Term
| Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Benzene Rings |
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Definition
| C6H6 The simplest aromatic structure. Hexagonal configuration of 6 carbon atoms sharing 4 electrons. Alternating single and double bonds around the ring. |
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Definition
Streams, oceans, rivers, etc.
Replenished by rainfall
Depleted by discharge, evaporation, or seep |
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Definition
| Located beneath the ground surface in soil pores or fractures in rock. |
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Term
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Definition
Simple, cyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. C6H6.
Clear, Colorless, odor threshold 4.68 ppm
Boiling Point: 80.1 deg C
Melting Point: 5.5 Deg C
Density: 0.8787 at STP
Miscible with alcohol, chloroform, ether, acetone, oil
Sourced from Petroleum and Coal tar. |
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Term
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Definition
Property of liquids to mix in all proportions forming homogenous solution.
Something must be soluble to the point the two liquids become one, not partially soluble. |
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Definition
C7H8.
Colorless Liquid. Benzene like odor.
Boiling Point: 110.6 deg C
Melting Point: -94.9 deg C
Density: 0.8636 at STP
Miscible with alcohol, chloroform, ether, acetone
Soluble in ethanol, benzene
Insoluble in water
Gasoline component |
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Term
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Definition
C8H10
Colorless Liquid; Aromatic odor
Boiling point: 136 deg C
Melting point: -94.9 deg C
Density: 0.8670 at STP
Miscible with organic solvents. Soluble in water, chloroform, alcohol, benzene, and ether. Insoluble in Ammonia
Component of Crude Oil/biomass combustion. |
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Term
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Definition
C24H30
Clear liquid, aromatic odor
Boiling point: 160 deg C
Density: 0.86 at STP
Miscible with alcohol, ether
Sourced from crude oil |
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Term
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Definition
| An aquifer that occurs in the vadose zone, atop an aquiclude or aquitard above the main water table/Aquifer. |
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Term
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Definition
| Surface where water pressure is equal to atmospheric pressure. The surface of subsurface materials saturated in meteoric water. |
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Term
Aquifer
(Also define: Phreatic zone) |
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Definition
| Region below the water table (In the Phreatic zone: Zone of saturation), in which porous or fractured rock yields groundwater |
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Definition
| Zone within the earth that restricts flow in groundwater from one aquifer to another. |
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Term
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Definition
| Impermiable layer that Restricts the flow of groundwater. Often overly or underly aquifers. |
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Term
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Definition
Aquifer with high storativity values.
Aquifer without a aquiclude overlying it. |
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Term
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Definition
Aquifer with very low storativity (10-5 to 10-3)
Aquifer with a aquiclude overlying it. |
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Term
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Definition
| Large Ediface formed by accumulation of sediment in an area of subsidence. |
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Term
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Definition
| A carbonate platform tied to a adjacent continental land mass. |
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Term
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Definition
| A craton with a large horizontal extent, covered in shallow seawater. |
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Term
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Definition
| An isolated platform surrounded by deep ocean water and cut off from terrigenous clastic sediments. |
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Term
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Definition
| Segmented to continuous rampart of reefs and/or lime sand shoals along a margin that absorbs ocean waves. Disappation of wave energy, creates low energy environments, confines coarse grained sediments, and restrict water circulation. |
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Term
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Definition
| No barrier against waves. Common in cooler waters. |
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Term
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Definition
| Unrimmed shelf that slopes gentely basinward at an angle less than 1o. Nearshore wave-aggrivated facies grade to low energy deep water deposits. No discernable break in the slope between areas. |
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Term
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Definition
| Depositional basins that suffer partial or complete desiccation during isolation from the sea. |
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Term
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Definition
| Shallow, illuminated seafloor. Sediments crystallize as skeletons or precipitate out of seawater. Fine grained sediments are resuspended, piling as muddy peritidal flats along the shore or highs of the platform. Fine sediments also are swept seaward, accumulating on the basin margin down slope. |
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Term
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Definition
Confined, shallow, hypersaline water, in which evaporation outpaces regeneration of the body of water.
Export of sediment is uncommon because evaporite formation is diagenetic, and lithification occurs prior to precipitation. |
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Term
| Evaporite: Indicators that can be gleaned from the evaporte mineralogy and overal composition |
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Definition
| Type of water being evaporated, temperature, salinity, and the degree of basin isolation. |
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Term
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Definition
| The key conditions for carbonate production: Correct elevation, correct depth beneath water (Not too deep, not too shallow), not too fresh or saline, not too much terrigenous sediment, not too many or too few nutriens |
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Term
| Evaporite accumulation window |
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Definition
The conditions in which formation of evaporites will occur
Just enough water flowing into the basin, brine loss must happen, evaporation rates must be high, terrigenous clastic influx must be low. |
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Definition
| Grains, either directly or mediated biologically, that preciptiate calcium carbonate. |
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Term
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Definition
Calcareous sheaths, shells, tests, and spicules of sessile, burrowing, drifting, or swimming invertabrates, microbes, or algae.
Sourced from shallow and deep water across the environmental spectrum |
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Term
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Definition
| Grains of microcrystalline carbonate. Agglutinated or cemented feces or diagenatically altered grains. |
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Term
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Definition
| Fragments of consolidated, hardened, or lithified sediments. |
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Term
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Definition
Breakdown of saturated hydrocarbons to unsaturated hydrocarbons by dillution using steam, before heating in a furnace.
Higher temperatures used to produce light armoatic hydrocarbons.
Low temperatures used to produce liquid products.
Coke produced as a bi-product |
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Term
| Soil organic Carbon-Water partitioning Coefficient (KOC) |
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Definition
ratio of the mass of a chemical that is adsorbed in the soil, per unit of organic carbon in the soil per the equillirbium chemical concentration in solution.
Used to judge mobility of contaminates in soil |
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Term
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Definition
| Lowest temperature at which it can vaporize to form an ignitiable mixture in air. |
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Term
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Definition
| Constituents of Potential Concern. General term applicable to sites, dependant on the conditions onsite. |
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Term
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Definition
| Area of Concern: Site dependant defintion of area effected by COPCs |
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Term
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Definition
| Deepest point in a stream of water |
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Definition
| The volume of water released per unit decline in hydraulic head in the aquifer per unit area of aquifer. |
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Definition
| Specific measure of water pressure above datum. Can be measured in units of length at the entrance of a piezometer (Specialized water well) |
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Term
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Definition
Device used to measure static liquid pressure in a system by measuring the height to which a column of liquid rises against gravity, at a specific point.
Solid section down to area of interest, with slotted section within the zone where water pressure is being measured.
Unconfined: water levels coincident with water table
Confined: Water levels indicative of pressure in the aquifer |
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Term
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Definition
| Rate at which groundwater flows through a unit in an aquifer. Correlates with horizontal hydraulic conductivity and thickness of a unit. |
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Term
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Definition
| Rate at which water moves throughp ore spaces or fractures. |
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Term
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Definition
| Preliminary Screening values: Corrective action defined values. Values are conservative health based concentrations of hazardous constituents determined to be indicators for the protection of human health or the environment. Based on conservative exposure asumptions. |
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Term
Mercaptan
(General Chemical Definition) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
The area above the water table at atmospheric pressure.
Water contained there has a pressure head lower than Atmospheric pressure.
Water retained by adhesion and capillary action. |
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