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| Zhou Dynasty set of principles |
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| A chinese belief that emperors ruled through a mandate or approval of heaven contingent on their ability to look after welfare of the population |
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The ruler had to maintain high standards
-If failed had to pass it on |
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| The Shang dynast passed it on to the Zou |
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| This was important because it helped keep the rulers from doing something outside high standards |
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| They were tough people who battled Shang forces & eventually won recognition as kings of western regions |
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| Decentrailized Administration |
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| Foundation of Chinese though formed during this period: Cunfucianism, Daoism, and Zhou classics |
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| Confucianism, Daoism, and Zhou classics |
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| Succeeded the Shang dynasty |
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| The importance was how the increase in technology set standards for coming dynasties |
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| Chinese fortune tellers (Diviners) |
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| Process of how they asked questions |
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| Questions usually asked in the curiousness of the Royal family |
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| Chinese Shang Dynasty, Northern China |
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| Importance was that they offered an early glimpse into tradition of Chinese writing |
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| A narrow coastal plain north of Palestine between the Mediterranean sea & the Lebanon Mountains |
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| prosperous based on sea trade & commercial networks |
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| Were inhabitants of ancient Phonica |
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Authors believed:
-Souls born into physical body not once but multiple times
-Appeared as humans, but sometimes as animals, or even a plant or vegetable |
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| -They taught that each person participates in a larger cosmic order & forms a small part of a universal soul |
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| An external, unchanging permanent foundation for all things that exist--hence the only genuine reality |
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| Lack of written records because scholars have so far been unable to understand the complex pictographic Harappan Script |
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| Earliest remains remain below the existing water table & thus are inaccessible to archaeologists |
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| "The gift of the Indus" because it made an agricultural society possible |
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| Wall surrounded the city meant that it had political authority |
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| Dravidian peoples built the Harappan society |
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| Its importance made it possible for the emergence of a distinctive cultural tradition |
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| It was invented to keep track of commercial transactions & tax collections |
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| It was a way to communicate abstract ideas |
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| The Importance was that they started the formation of government due to population growth |
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| It explored themes in friendship, relations between human beings, the God's, and especially the meaning of life and death |
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| The importance was that his deeds, recorded in legends and histories as well as his works in propaganda inspired many later conquerors to follow in his example |
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| These laws established set a common standards that lent some degree of culture unity to the far-flung Babylonian Empire |
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| He provided his empire with the most extensive code of law |
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| This faith represented one of the world's earliest expressions on Monotheism |
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| The belief that a single god rules over all creation |
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| Little information survives because they traveled so much everything was left behind |
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| Proclaimed God chose him "to protect the welfare of the people" |
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he was a hero in an Epic
-he was a warrior in conflict with the city of Kush -He was a legendary loyal friend to Enkinu |
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| A written literature about the two men's adventures; the worlds oldest complete epic literary masterpiece |
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| Conventional signs represented specific words and had spread throughout Mesopotamia |
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| First experienced with pictographs representing animals, agricultural products, and trade items that figured prominently in tax and commercial transactions |
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| First written script in the world |
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Stylus fashioned form of a reed to press symbols on wet class
-Stylus left lines and wedged-shaped marks when dried |
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| built worlds first cities |
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| cities were centered by political & military authority |
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| Invented the wheel (3500 BCE) |
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| Experience with maritime transportation |
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| Organized a coup against the King |
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| Went on offensive against the Sumerian city-states |
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Taxed and took over trade route
-because of this it started to form the capital of Akadd and transformed it into one of the wealthiest most powerful cities in the world |
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| He improved Sargon's administrative techiniques |
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| Had a centralized bureaucratic rule |
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| Had regular taxation rather that supression and plunder |
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Made a special law code
the stated you were innocent until proven guilty |
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| He considered Aten to be the world's "Sole God like whom there is no other" |
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| Seized the Nile Delta and helped bring an end to the Egyptian middle kingdom |
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| Egyptian leaders eventually pushed them out and founded the New Kingdom |
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"Foreign Rulers"
-They were horse riding nomads |
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| They founded the New Kingdom |
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| built a powerful empire in Anatolia |
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| Dominated power in Southwest Asia for several centuries after toppling the Babylonian empire |
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| Where was the cuniform invented? |
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Modern Day Turkey
(Southwest Asia) |
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| Invented Middle Fourth Millennium BCE |
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Era of Dominance
3200-2350 BCE |
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| Began his career as a minister to the king of Kish |
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| In 1595 BCE they finally crumbled the Babylonian Empire from their assults |
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A story about two men
:Gilgamesh and Enkindu |
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| A legendary kind of Mesopotamia city-state Uruk |
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| Invented earliest cuniform |
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Semantic peoples
-nomadic herders
-Came to Mesopotamia from deserts all over |
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| A talented administrator and brilliant warrior |
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| Styled himself as "king of the four quarters of the world" |
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| Changed his name in honor of the preferred diety |
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Foreign people to Egypt
(Typically semantic peoples) |
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People who invaded the Babylonian Empire
-Horse riding nomads |
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