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| Type of luster; non-metallic, brilliant light reflecting & transmitting properties |
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| optical phenomenon produced most notably by moonstones |
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| type of Chrysoberyl, transparent gem which shows a noted change in color between natural and incandescent light |
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| Coloration caused by the presence of a trace element or impurity that is foreign to the crystal lattice |
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| artial or complete solid solution of one or more elements in a metallic matrix |
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| silvery white member of the boron group of chemical elements |
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| green variety of feldspar. name is taken from that of the Amazon River |
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| violet variety of quartz; name comes from the Ancient Greek "not intoxicated" |
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| naturally occurring variety of quartz. It is a mixture of amethyst and citrine |
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| are and valuable opal-like organic gemstone; rivals the rarity of gemstones as alexandrite and red diamonds; made of the fossilized shells of ammonites; one of several biogenic gemstones; others include amber and pearl |
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| extinct group of marine invertebrate animals |
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| name of group of generally dark-colored rock-forming inosilicate minerals; generally containing ions of iron and/or magnesium in their structures |
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| metamorphic rock composed of intergrown green zoisite, black tschermakite, and ruby; named after the Maasai word anyoli, meaning "green." |
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| group of phosphate minerals; Apatite is the defining mineral for 5 on Mohs Scale |
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| carbonate mineral naturally occurring crystal form of calcium carbonate;orthorhombic system with acicular crystals. |
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| geologic eon before the Paleoproterozoic Era of the Proterozoic Eon |
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| Greek meaning "unquenchable" or "inextinguishable"; set of six naturally occurring silicate minerals |
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| optical phenomenon displayed by some rubies, sapphires, and other gems; enhanced reflective area in the shape of a "star" on the surface of a cabochon cut from the stone |
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| form of quartz, characterised by its translucency and the presence of platy mineral inclusions that give a shimmering or glistening effect termed aventurescence |
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| soft, deep blue copper mineral produced by weathering of copper ore deposits |
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| irregular shape; Cultured freshwater pearls are most commonly baroque |
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| common extrusive volcanic rock |
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| mineral made up of beryllium aluminium cyclosilicate. Pure beryl is colorless, colored beryl has been tinted by impurities |
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