Term
The Aging Process: Parameters of mental status
General knowledge and vocab? |
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| Takes longer for brain to process info and react to it |
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| from the large interior organs;kidney, stomach, intestine, gallbladder, pancreas |
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| from pressure, trauma, ischemia to blood vessel, joints, tendons, muscles, bone |
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| superficial, sharp, burning skin and subcutaneous tissue |
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| felt at the site but originates at a different location; both are innervated by same spinal nerve |
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-short term
-self-timing
-follows a predictable trajectory
-dissipates after injury heals |
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-continues for 6 months or longer
-does not stop when injury heals
-types are malignant(cancer-related) and nonmalignant |
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- a common experience among 65 yrs and older
-but not normal process of aging
-pain=pathology or injury; never something to tolerate or accept just because "aged" |
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| gender differences and pain |
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-influenced by societal expectations, hormones, & genetic make-up
-stereotypes: men are most stoic; women are more emotional
-genetic differences |
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provocative/ pallative
what causes it? what makes it better? what makes it worse? |
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quality/ quantity
how does it feel, look, or sound, and how much of it is there? |
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region/ radiation
where is it? does it spread? |
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severity scale
does it interfere with ADLs? how does it rate on severity scal of 1 to 10? |
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timing
when did it begin? how often does it occur? is it sudden or gradual? how lond does an episode of the symptom last? |
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-initial pain assessment
-brief pain inventory
-short-form mcgill pain questionnaire
-pain rating scales
-descriptor scales |
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size, contour, circumference
AROM AND PROM |
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-color, swelling
-masses, deformity
-sensation changes |
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| abdomen-inspect adn palpate |
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-contour, symmetry
-guarding, organ size |
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| pain reactions influenced by: |
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| nature of pain( acute or chronic), age, cultural, and gender expectations |
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| guarding, grimacing, moaning, agitation, restlessness, stillness, diaphoresis or change in vital signs |
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| chronic pain behaviors( higher risk for undetection) |
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more variability since person cannot live in constant state of grimacing, diaphoresis, guarding
Behaviors: bracing, rubbing, diminished activity, sighing, appetite changes, sleeping to self-ditract |
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| tachycardia, (up)BP, (up) cardiac O2 demand, (up)cardiac output |
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| hypoventilation, hypoxia, (down)cough, atelectasis |
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| nausea, vomiting, retention |
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| oliguria, urinary retention |
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| spasm, joint stiffness, limited function and limited mobility |
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| impaired cellular function, impaired cellular healing |
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| socio-psychological responses |
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| depression, confusion, isolation, family distress, diminished QOL |
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