Term
| What publication covers First Aid? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the ABCs(four life saving steps) of First Aid? |
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Definition
Open the airway and restore breathing
Stop the bleeding
Dress and bandage wounds to prevent infection
Prevent shock |
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Term
| What measure is used to restore heartbeat? |
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Definition
| Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation(CPR) |
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Term
| What are the three types of bleeding and how are they recognized? |
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Definition
| 1) Aterial - blood is bright red and will spurt with heatbeat 2) Venous - Blood is dark red and flows in steady Stream 3) Capillary - blood oozes from wound |
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Term
| How do you stop bleeding? |
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Definition
| Apply field dressing, Apply manual pressure, Elevate the injured limb, Apply pressure dressing, Apply tourniquet |
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Term
| Whose first Aid dressing should be used ion the casualty? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| place hand on dressing and exert firm pressure for 5-10 min |
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Term
| Where is a tourniquet applied? |
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Definition
| around the limb, between the injury and the heart, 2-4 inches above the wound and never place it directly on the joint |
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Term
| Name three categories of heat Injuries |
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Definition
| Heat Cramps, Heat Exhaustion, Heat Stroke |
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Term
| What are two types of fractures? |
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Definition
| Open (compound) and Closed |
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Term
| How tight should a tourniquet be ? |
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Definition
| untill bright red bleeding has stopped |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What are two types of artificial respiration? |
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Definition
| mouth to mouth and the back pressure arm lift |
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Term
| Should a casualty be given water or drink? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Cool pale and damp skin (clammy skin),
confusion,
nausea or vomiting,
restlessness or nervousness,
loss of blood,
thirst,
fast breathing,
fainting spells,
excessive perspiration
blotched or bluish skin;especially around the mouth and lips |
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Term
| When should a casualty not be placed in the shock position? |
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Definition
| when there is a head injury abdominal wound or unsplinted fracture leg |
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Term
| What is the treatment for shock? |
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Definition
Move to cover if possible
Lay casualty on their back
Elevate legs
Loosen clothing at neck, waist, ankles and feet
Prevent chilling or overheating
Keep casualty calm |
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Term
| What is the measure of checking the tightness of a bandage |
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Definition
| two fingers slip under bandage |
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Term
| when may resuscitation measures be stopped? |
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Definition
| when a doctor tells you to, relieved by others, you cant physically continue, casualty starts breating on there own |
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Term
| When is a casualties clothing not removed in order to exspose a wound? |
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Definition
| when clothing is stuck to the wound or and NBC environment |
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Term
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Definition
| general dehydration of the body brought on by loss of water and salt through activity in the heat |
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Term
| Describe the signs of heat cramps? |
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Definition
| muscle cramps in legs, arms and abdomin, excessive sweating |
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Term
| How do you treat for heat cramps? |
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Definition
| move the casualty into the shade, loosen clothing, and give cool water |
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Term
| How do you treat for heat exhaustion? |
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Definition
Move the casualty into the shade
Loosen clothing
Give cool water
Elevate the legs and monitor |
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Term
| Describe the signs and symptoms of heat stroke |
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Definition
Sweating stops
Skin is dry and hot
Pulse is fast
Headache
Dizziness
Nausea, vomiting
Mental confusion
Weakness
Seizures |
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Term
| How should heat stroke be treated? |
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Definition
Immerse the casualty in cold water
Remove clothing, wet the entire body wrap in sheets
Transport to nearest medical facility |
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Term
| What is an open fracture? |
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Definition
| A borken bone that breaks through the skin? |
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Term
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Definition
| Emergency treatment one applies to ones self |
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Term
| Name some items that you might use as a splint from your military equipment |
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Definition
Bayonet
Rifle
Entrenching tool
Tent poles and stakes
Web belt |
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Term
| What is the quickest way to splint a broken leg? |
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Definition
| Tie the broken leg securely to the unbroken leg |
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Term
How many pressure points, which can be used to control bleeding with fingers, thumbs or hands are there on
the human body? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the object of first aid? |
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Definition
To stop bleeding
Overcome shock
Relieve pain
Prevent infection
(TORP) |
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Term
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Definition
| It is the first care given to casualties before treatment by medical personnel can be made available |
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Term
| What is the unique feature of type "O" blood? |
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Definition
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Term
| When would you not remove a casualties clothing to expose a wound? |
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Definition
| If in a chemical environment or if the clothing is stuck to the wound |
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Term
| What soldiers are most likely to suffer heat injuries? |
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Definition
| Soldiers not accustomed to the heat, overweight soldiers, prior heat casualties, and soldiers already dehydrated due to alcohol use, diarrhea, or lack of water (insufficient use of) |
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Term
| How high should an injured limb be elevated above the heart to control bleeding? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the lifesaving steps? (The ABC's of medical treatment) |
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Definition
| Open airway,restore breathing, stop bleeding, protect wound,and prevent shock |
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Term
| When applying splint, where should the bandages be tied? |
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Definition
| The bandages should be tied with knots against the splint |
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Term
| Whose first aid dressing should be used on a casualty? |
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Definition
| Use the casualty's field dressing. |
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Term
| How should the ends of an improved pressure dressing be tied? |
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Definition
Tie the ends together in a nonslip knot, directly over the wound site. DO NOT tie so tightly that it has a tourniquet-like
effect. |
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Term
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Definition
| If bleeding continues after applying the sterile field dressing, direct manual pressure may be used to help control bleeding. Apply such pressure by placing a hand on the dressing and exerting firm pressure for 5 to 10 minutes. The casualty may be asked to do this himself if he is conscious and can follow instructions. |
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Term
| Should a casualty be given water to drink? |
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Definition
| He should not eat or drink |
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Term
| Why should you dress and bandage the wound as soon as possible? |
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Definition
| To protect the wound from further contamination of germs, and also to control the bleeding |
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Term
| What should you do to indicate that a casualty has received a tourniquet? |
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Definition
| Mark his or her forehead with a T and if possible, note the time of the application of the tourniquet |
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Term
| Should you ever remove or loosen a tourniquet? |
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Definition
| No, only qualified medical personnel can do that |
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Term
| Where is a tourniquet applied? |
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Definition
| Place the tourniquet around the limb, between the wound and the body trunk (or between the wound and the heart). Never place it directly over a wound, a fracture, or joint. Tourniquets, for maximum effectiveness, should be placed on the upper arm or above the knee on the thigh. |
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Term
| How can you prevent athlete's foot? |
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Definition
| Keep your feet clean, use foot powder and change socks daily |
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Term
| Name 3 categories of heat injuries |
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Definition
Heat cramps
Heat exhaustion
Heat stroke |
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Term
| What are the signs and symptoms of heat cramps? |
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Definition
Cramping in the extremities (arms and legs)
Abdominal Cramps (stomach)
Excessive Sweating |
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Term
| What is the treatment for heat cramps? |
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Definition
Move the casualty to a cool,
Shady area or improvise shade if none is available.
Loosen his clothing (if not in a chemical environment)
Slowly drink at least one canteen full of water. (The body absorbs cool water faster than warm or cold water; therefore, cool water is preferred if it is available.)
Seek medical assistance should cramps continue. |
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Term
| What are the signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion? |
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Definition
Excessive sweating with pale, moist, cool skin
Headache
Weakness
Dizziness
Loss of appetite
Cramping
Nausea (with or without vomiting)
Urge to defecate
Chills (Gooseflesh)
Rapid Breathing
Tingling of Hands/Feet
Confusion |
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Term
| What would the treatment be for heat exhaustion? |
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Definition
Move the casualty to a cool, shady area or improvise shade if none is available.
Loosen or remove his clothing and boots (unless in a chemical environment); pour water on him and fan him.
Have him slowly drink at least one canteen of water.
Elevate legs.
If possible, the casualty should not participate in strenuous activity for the remainder of the day.
Monitor the casualty until the symptoms are gone, or medical assistance arrives. |
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Term
| What are the signs and symptoms of heat stroke? |
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Definition
Skin is red, hot and dry
Weakness
Dizziness
Confusion
Headaches
Seizures
Nausea
Stomach pains or cramps
Respiration and pulse may be rapid and weak.
Unconsciousness and collapse may occur suddenly. |
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Term
| What would the treatment be for heat stroke? |
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Definition
Cool casualty immediately by—
Moving to a cool, shady area or improvising shade if none is available.
Loosening or removing clothing (except in a chemical environment).
Spraying or pouring water ; fanning to permit the coolant effect of evaporation.
Massaging extremities and skin, which increases the blood flow to those body areas, thus aiding the cooling process.
Elevating his legs.
Having him slowly drink at least one canteen full of water if he is conscious.
Seek medical assistance immediately |
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Term
| If a casualty were suspected of having a neck/spinal injury or severe head trauma, which method would you use for opening an airway? |
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Definition
| The jaw thrust technique, because in most cases it can be done without extending the neck |
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Term
| What are two basic types of fractures? |
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Definition
Open (compound)
Closed (simple) |
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Term
| What are some signs of an open fracture? |
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Definition
Bleeding.
Bones sticking through the skin.
Check for pulse. |
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Term
| What are some signs of a closed fracture? |
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Definition
Swelling.
Discoloration.
Deformity.
Unusual body position.
Check for pulse. |
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Term
| With an open fracture, what should you do first? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the basic proven principle in splinting fractures? |
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Definition
| "Splint them where they lie" |
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Term
| How tight should tourniquet be? |
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Definition
| Tightened until the bright red bleeding has stopped. |
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Term
| What are the three types of bleeding? |
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Definition
Arterial- Blood is bright red and will spurt with each heart beat
Venous- Blood is dark red and flows in a steady stream
Capillary- Blood oozes from the wound |
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Term
| Name 4 common points for checking pulse |
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Definition
Carotid- The side of the neck
Femoral- The groin
Radial- The wrist
Posterial Tibial- Ankle |
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Term
| What are some signs/symptoms of shock? |
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Definition
Clammy skin (cool, pale and damp)
Restlessness and nervousness
Thirst
Loss of blood
Confusion
Fast breathing
Nausea or vomiting
Blotched or bluish skin (especially around the mouth and lips)
Often perspires freely
May pass out. |
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Term
| What is the treatment for shock? |
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Definition
"P.E.L.C.R.N."
Position the casualty on their back
E levate the Legs
L oosen clothing at neck waist or wherever it is binding
C limatize (prevent too hot or too cold)
R eassure (keep the casualty calm)
N otify medical personnel (Help, Get a medic!!) |
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Term
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Definition
| A loss of water and salt, loss of sweat while personnel work in the heat, a general dehydration of the body |
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Term
| What is the greatest preventive measure for disease? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| How do you stop bleeding? |
|
Definition
Apply a field dressing
Manual pressure
Elevate the limb
Apply a pressure dressing
Digital Pressure
Apply a tourniquet |
|
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Term
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Definition
| Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, it is used to restore a heart beat |
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Term
| When can measures taken to restore breathing in an individual be discontinued? |
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Definition
When a doctor tells you to stop
When others relieve you
When you cannot physically continue
When the casualty starts to breath on his own |
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Term
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Definition
| AIDS is the end stage of the HIV infection. At this point, the virus has attacked and weakened a person's immune system |
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Term
| Name two types of rescue breathing |
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Definition
Mouth to mouth
Mouth to nose |
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Term
| What do the letters AIDS stand for? |
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Definition
| Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome |
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Term
| When should a casualty not be placed in the shock position? |
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Definition
When the casualty has a:
Head injury
Abdominal wound
Fractured (unsplinted) leg |
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Term
| What should you do prior to leaving an unconscious casualty? |
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Definition
| Turn their head to the side to prevent them from choking on their own vomit |
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Term
| When should a tourniquet be used to stop bleeding? |
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Definition
| As a last resort when everything else has failed or when an arm or leg has been severed off |
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Term
| What does COLD stand for? |
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Definition
| What does COLD stand for?It is a key word in cold weather protection, it stands for Keep it CLEAN, Avoid OVERHEATING, Wear it LOOSE and in layers and Keep it DRY |
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Term
| What are the 8 steps in evaluating a casualty? |
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Definition
Responsiveness
Breathing
Pulse
Bleeding
Shock
Fractures
Burns
Possible concussions (head injuries) |
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Term
| What is the first indication of frostbite? |
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Definition
| Skin becomes numb and white particles/patches form on it |
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Term
| What do you do to treat frostbite? |
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Definition
| Remove clothing from the affected area, warm with body heat, dress the area and seek additional medical help |
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Term
| When should an airtight dressing be applied to a sucking chest wound? |
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Definition
| As the individual breathes out |
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Term
| How should you position a casualty with an open abdominal wound? |
|
Definition
| On his back with his knees up to relieve abdominal pressure |
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Term
| What do you do with exposed abdominal organs? |
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Definition
| Wrap them in dry clean material and place on top of the abdomen (never try to put them back in) |
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Term
| How do you take the Carotid pulse? |
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Definition
| Carotid pulse. To check the carotid pulse, feel for a pulse on the side of the casualty's neck closest to you. This is done by placing the tips of your first two fingers beside his Adam's apple. |
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Term
| In reference to carrying a casualty, what are the two-man methods? |
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Definition
In reference to carrying a casualty, what are the two-man methods?
Two-Man Support Carry
Two-Man Arms Carry
Two-Man Fore-and Aft-Carry
Four-Hand Seat Carry
Two-Hand Seat Carry |
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Term
| In reference to carrying a casualty, what are the one-man methods? |
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Definition
Fireman's carry
Supporting carry
Arms Carry
Saddleback carry
Pack-strap carry
Pistol belt carry
Pistol belt drag
Neck drag
LBE Carry Using Bearers LBE
LBE Carry Using Casualty's LBE
11. Cradle Drop Drag |
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Term
| Should you put any medication or cream on a burn? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| Name the four types of burns |
|
Definition
Thermal
Electrical
Chemical
Laser |
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Term
| What is the primary objective in the treatment of burns? |
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Definition
| Lessen or prevent shock and infection |
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Term
| What are the three categories used in medical evacuation? |
|
Definition
Urgent- within 2 hours
Priority- within 4 hours
Routine- within 24 hours |
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Term
| What is the first aid procedure for a white phosphorous casualty? |
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Definition
| Smother the flame by submerging the affected area in water or pack with mud. Then remove the particles by brushing or picking them out |
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Term
| What is the first step in the first aid of a burn victim? |
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Definition
| Remove the casualty from the source of the burn |
|
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Term
| What are the 2 prescribed methods for opening an airway? |
|
Definition
1. The jaw thrust
2. Head tilt/chin lift methods |
|
|
Term
| What is the major cause of tooth decay and gum disease? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 9 mild symptoms of nerve agent poisoning? |
|
Definition
Unexplained runny nose
Unexplained headache
Sudden drooling
Difficulty seeing (dimness of vision and miosis)
Tightness in the chest or difficulty in breathing
Localized sweating and muscular twitching in the area of contaminated skin
Stomach cramps
Nausea
Tachycardia followed by bradycardia (Tachycardia is an abnormally rapid heartbeat with a heart rate of over 100 beats per minute. Bradycardia is a slow heart rate of less than 60 beats per minute) |
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Term
| What are the 11 severe symptoms of nerve agent poisoning? |
|
Definition
Strange or confused behavior.
Wheezing, dyspnea (difficulty in breathing), and coughing.
Severely pinpointed pupils.
Red eyes with tearing.
Vomiting.
Severe muscular twitching and general weakness.
Involuntary urination and defecation.
Convulsions.
Unconsciousness.
Respiratory failure.
11. Bradycardia. |
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