Term
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Definition
| According to Schneigmann: "a retrospective investigation of the intention of the decedent" |
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Term
| N*A*S*H (Death Certificate Categories) |
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Definition
N for Natural; A for Accident; S for Suicide; H for Homicide
...Or Undetermined |
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Term
| Sealle versus All State Life Insurance (1958) |
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Definition
| Court opined that mental capacity was extremely relevant to the determination of suicide |
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Term
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Definition
| The state's responsibility to care for people who cannot care for themselves |
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Term
| Lanterman-Pretris-Short (LPS) Act of 1969 |
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Definition
| Purpose: To end the inappropriate, indefinite and involuntary commitment of mentally disordered persons, developmentally disabled, and persons impaired by chronic alcoholism, and ensure prompt evaluation, to guarantee and protect public safety, safeguard individual rights through judicial review (WIC 5000) |
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Term
| Wyatt versus Stickney (1971) |
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Definition
| A patient has a constitutional right to receive individualized treatment that will give him or her a realistic opportunity to be cured or to improve his/her condition (his/her overall quality of life) |
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Term
| Addington versus Texas (1979) |
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Definition
| Standard proof required for civil commitment is “clear and convincing evidence” |
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Term
| People versus Triplett (1983) |
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Definition
| LPS Act does not provide a definition of probable cause, so we look to case law for guidance. Probable Cause is a lay decision, not a clinical one. The decision does not require a medical diagnosis. |
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Term
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Definition
| Psychiatrists intervene and explain why an individual needs to be medicated or is competent enough to refuse psychotropic medications; evaluations are also made as to the relevancy of a patient’s contestation of medicine |
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Term
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Definition
| Outside judges, not working for the jail, serve as the referees in determining whether or not to uphold civil commitment; patients have a right to legal representation and may be present; the hospital is equally represented |
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Term
| Hare's Lateralization Theory |
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Definition
| “Differences in processing affective aspects of language have been demonstrated between psychopaths and non-psychopaths. Psychopaths yielded smaller physiological responses to emotional connotations of descriptive statements.” |
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Term
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Definition
| Psychopaths lack a normal fear or anxiety response. Someone who is fearless is harder to socialize. |
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Term
| Frontal Lobe Defect Hypothesis |
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Definition
| Among psychopaths, deficits exist in the frontal lobe of brain, which is responsible for impulse control, judgment, sensationalist self-restraint et cetera |
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Term
| Low Neurotransmitter Syndrome |
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Definition
| Low levels of serotonin, which is associated with violence, aggression, suicidal tendencies are found among psychopaths (led to SSRI prescriptions). |
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Term
| Weak Lymbic System Hypothesis |
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Definition
| Lack of remorse, empathy and shallow affect among psychopaths may be due to a weak limbic system. Brain imaging studies have found less activity in the limbic areas of brain among psychopaths when processing emotionally laden words. |
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Term
| Psychophysiological Deficit Hypothesis |
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Definition
| Abnormal EEGs among psychopaths reflect slow wave patterns. |
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Term
| Hare's Maturation Retardation Hypothesis |
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Definition
| Suggests that slow wave activity represents delayed brain maturation; consistent with presentation of psychopaths as immature, child like, self- centered |
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Term
| Raine's Hypothesis of Reinforcers |
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Definition
| Suggests that psychopaths learn poorly when the reinforcement is physical or social punishment, but they do appear to learn well when motivated by financial incentives |
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Term
| Combat Tactics Scale (CTS) – Straus, 1979 |
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Definition
| Checklist of psychological, physical or life-threatening abuse; used in conjunction w/ clinical interview on demographics |
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Term
| Danger Assessment (DA) – Campbell, 1995 |
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Definition
| Identifies 15 Risk Factors coded in binary (0-1) on the basis of interviews with survivors; no cutoff scores |
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Term
| Domestic Violence Screening Inventory (DVSI) – Williams, 2004 |
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Definition
| Actuarial instrument assessing risk for repeated violence, identifying 12 Risk Factors coded 0-2 or 0-3 based on case history information |
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Term
| Kingston Screening Instrument for Domestic Violence (K-SID) – Giles & Tolman, 1998 |
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Definition
| Based on interviews with survivors, defendants and police reports, containing 1) a “poverty chart”, a severity and injury index, and 10 risk markers (rated from low to very high) |
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Term
| Spousal Risk Assessment Guide (SARA) |
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Definition
| Structured guidelines for assessing the risk of repeated violence from interviews and case history; contains 20 risk factors coded 0-2, as well as critical risk items (present or not); ratings of low, moderate and high |
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Term
| Child Abuse Potential Inventory (CAPI) |
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Definition
| Originally a 160 item, forced-choice, agree/disagree questionnaire, now a 77-item physical child abuse scale using actuarial measure |
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Term
| The Tender Years' Doctrine |
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Definition
| After Miner v. Miner, 1863, it is the general assumption of courts that the mother is the natural custodian of a child of tender years. |
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Term
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Definition
| a court created arrangement that gives one person authority to make specific kinds of decisions on behalf of another person |
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Term
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Definition
| Requires a court finding of “clear and convincing evidence” that the proposed conservatee lacks the mental capacity to do one of both of the following: provide for personal needs; manage finances |
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Term
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Definition
| Requires a court or jury finding that the proposed conservatee is “beyond a reasonable doubt” gravely and perpetually disabled due to a mental disorder |
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Term
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Definition
| Interpersonal/Affective Dimension (i.e. shallowness, callousness, lack of remorse); predictive of future violence |
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Term
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Definition
| Antisocial/Deviant Lifestyle Dimension (linked to juvenile delinquency, sensation seeking and impulsivity); predictive of general criminal recidivism |
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Term
| Suicide Probability Scale (SPS) – Cull & Gill, 1982 |
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Definition
| Composed of 36 items, rated 1-4, producing probability scores from “subclinical to severe risk”, equally providing four subscales of hopelessness, suicide ideation, negative self-evaluation and hostility |
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Term
| Suicide Intent Scale (SIS) |
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Definition
| Structured interview with past suicide attempters; 15-items designed to assess medical seriousness of attempts |
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Term
| Suicide Intent Scale (SIS) |
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Definition
| Structured interview with past suicide attempters; 15-items designed to assess medical seriousness of attempts |
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