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| high in calcium and magnesium |
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| High in sodium, dissolved cadmium and lead from pipes |
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| Most Abundant Mineral in the body |
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| a mineral that that maintains acid-base balance of cellular fluids, is part of DNA & RNA, helps metabolize nutrients and assists enzymes to extract energy from nutrients |
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| a mineral that is present in very small amounts in the body but is important in that it works with calcium to ensure proper muscle function. Calcium helps muscles contract, this mineral helps them relax. |
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Definition
| this mineral is important in maintaining the body's fluid and electrolyte balance. This is the chief ion that maintains fluid OUTSIDE the cell. Too much can lead to hypertension. |
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| intended to lower blood pressure. Reduces salt & sodium, increases intake of fruits & veggies, nuts and poultry and low-fat dairy. "Dietary Approaches to Stop ------------" |
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Term
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Definition
| this mineral is the principle positively charged ion INSIDE the body's cells. Maintains fluid & electrolyte balance, maintains heartbeat. Found in bananas, oranges, spinach and cantaloupe. |
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Definition
| this mineral is the body's major negative ion. It is responsible for stomach acidity and therefore aids in protein digestion. The major food source of this is table salt. |
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Definition
| this mineral is the oxidized form of sulphur and helps synthesize sulphur-containing body compounds |
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Definition
| a trace mineral that is a part of throxine which helps metabolize. Deficiency can lead to a goiter, sluggish behavior and weight gain . Found naturally in seafood but is added to milk and bakery products |
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Definition
| irreversible mental & physical retardation of a newborn, caused by an iodine deficiency during pregnancy. |
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Definition
| this trace mineral is found, in tiny amounts, in every cell in the body. Stored in the liver. Without this mineral, hemoglobin can't carry oxygen from the lungs to tissues throughout the body. Found in meat sources |
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Definition
| Low blood hemoglobin, leading to too large or too small, immature blood cells. "too little blood". Caused by iron deficiency |
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Definition
| a trace mineral which works with proteins in every organ, makes part of the cells genetic material, and makes heme in hemoglobin. Deficiencies in children cause growth & retardation. |
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| a trace mineral that protects against oxidative destruction. Deficiency increases the likelihood of heart disease. Widely found in unprocessed foods. |
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Definition
| a trace mineral that is not essential to life but useful in that it prevents dental caries by promoting remineralization of enamel. |
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Definition
| a trace mineral that works closely to regulate and release insulin from glucose. Therefore, a deficiency leads to impaired insulin and potentially high blood pressure. |
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Definition
| a trace mineral that is needed to form collagen and hemoglobin. Also depended on by many enzymes because of its ability to handle oxygen. |
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Definition
| Having a BMI of 25 or over |
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Term
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Definition
| Having a BMI of less than 18.5 |
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Definition
| fat which collects near the abdomen and increases the risk of diabetes, heart disease and hypertension because it is readily released into the blood stream, which raises cholesterol |
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Definition
| fat tissue; performs several functions such as the synthesis and secretion of leptin |
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Definition
| a hormone that regulates and suppresses appetite. Produced in fat cells. Believed to maintain body composition (the more leptin, the less you eat=thin) |
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Definition
| Change in energy stores= energy in-energy out |
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| the rate at which the body uses energy while at rest, to keep the vital body functions going (ie breathing, circulation, temperature maintenance etc). Controlled by thyroxine. |
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Definition
| the hormone that signals the hypothalamus to stimulate eating. |
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Term
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Definition
| the feeling of fullness that stops you from continuing to eat. |
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Term
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Definition
| the feeling of fullness that lasts AFTER you've stopped eating. Determines the amount of time that passes between meals |
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Definition
| measure of an energy provided by a food compared to its weight... calories per gram. The lower the energy density, the better. |
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| something that causes vomiting |
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Definition
| disordered eating, amenorrhea and osteoporosis |
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Term
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Definition
| When menstruation no longer occurs. |
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Definition
| muscles gaining strength and size in response to overload (extra physical demands) |
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Definition
| the weakening and diminishing of muscles due to lack of use |
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Definition
| The maximum rate of oxygen consumption of an individual. Measured at sea level. |
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Term
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Definition
| Glycogen is broken down quickly. Heart and lungs are not required to work for an extended period of time... ex, a sprint. |
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Definition
| Glycogen is used slowly, because energy is extracted from both glycogen and fat stores. Ex, a light jog |
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Definition
| this is produced during intense workouts due to the breakdown of glucose. It travels to the liver and is converted back to glucose which provides additional fuel. |
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Term
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Definition
| Moderate Exercise followed by a high-carb diet. this enables muscles to temporarily be able to store more glycogen than normal. Athletes sometimes use this technique before a big race. |
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Term
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Definition
| low blood hemoglobin during the early stages of training. This problem goes away on its own and does not require iron supplements. |
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Definition
| low sodium concentration in the blood |
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Term
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Definition
| most common cardiovascular disease. Plaques harden the arteries. |
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Term
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Definition
| the vessels that feed the heart become closed off by an embolism or a thrombus, resulting in tissue death (a heart attack) |
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Term
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Definition
| blood flow to the brain is suddenly cut off by a thrombus, embolism or the bursting of a blood vessel |
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| when a stationary blood clot breaks loose and blocks a blood vessel |
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