Term
| Name one example of a long-acting beta 2 receptor agonist. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the #1 adverse effect of beta agonist use? |
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Definition
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Term
| What electrolyte abnormality can be found in patients on high doses of beta 2 agonists? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are common side effects of beta 2 agonists? |
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Definition
| Tachycardia, fine tremor, nervousness, headache, muscle cramps, palpitations and anxiety. |
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Term
| What is the mechanism of action of beta 2 agonists? |
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Definition
| Action on the beta 2 receptors causes smooth muscle relaxation in the respiratory tract. |
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Term
| What respiratory condition are anticholinergics often used to treat? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the mnemonic for describing anticholinergic reactions. |
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Definition
| Can't see, can't pee, can't spit, can't shit. |
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Term
| What urinary condition in men necessitates cautioius use of anticholinergics? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the two primary effects of theophylline when used for asthma? |
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Definition
| Bronchial smooth muscle relaxation and suppression of the response of the airways to stimuli (i.e. non-bronchodilator prophylactic effects). |
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Term
| Is theophylline's therapeutic window narrow or wide? |
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Definition
| Narrow - it needs to be monitored. |
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Term
| What is montelukast's (Singulair's) mechanism of action? |
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Definition
| It modifies leukotrienes, which are roducts of arachidonic acid metabolism and released from various cells including mast cells and eosinophils. |
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Term
| How bad is montelukast's (Singulair's) side effect profile? |
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Definition
| It's actually quite good and well-tolerated. |
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Term
| Aside from asthma, what other condition can montelukast (Singulair) be used to treat? |
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Definition
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Term
| What's the biggest advantage of using inhaled corticosteroids over oral ones? |
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Definition
| Less long-term side effects. |
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Term
| After how many days of oral corticosteroid use do clinicians need to taper? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name a common inhaled corticosteroid. |
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Definition
| Fluticasone (Flovent), beclomethasone (QVAR) |
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Term
| Why should asthmatics rinse their mouths after every corticosteroid inhalation? |
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Definition
| To decrease the risk of developing thrush. |
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Term
| How different will asthmatics feel after initiating Flovent therapy? |
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Definition
| They'll likely feel unchanged. |
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Term
| What mast cell stabilizer can be used to prevent exercise-induced asthma? |
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Definition
| the mast cell stabilizer, Cromolyn (Intal) |
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Term
| What are the 2 ingredients in Combivent? |
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Definition
| Ipratropium bromide, albuterol. |
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Term
| What are the 2 ingredients in Advair? |
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Definition
| Fluticasone & salmeterol. |
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Term
| If a pt is well-controlled on Advair, then is a separate rescue inhaler still needed? |
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Definition
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Term
| What's the most common side effect of nasally inhaled corticosteroids? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name a common nasally inhaled corticosteroid. |
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Definition
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Term
| How many consecutive days can Afrin be used? |
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Definition
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Term
| What basic philosophy should be employed when dealing with asthma exacerbations? |
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Definition
| "big guns, then back off" |
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Term
| What is an appropriate prescription for a 16 y.o. with mild intermittent asthma? |
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Definition
| albuterol 90mcg, 2 puffs q4h PRN |
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Term
| What is the preferred drug class in a patient with mild persistent asthma? |
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Definition
| Inhaled corticosteroid +SABA |
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Term
| What is the preferred drug combination for persistent, but worse than mild (steps 3-5), asthma? |
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Definition
| Low/Medium/High dose of inhaled corticosteroid + long-acting beta agonist. |
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Term
| After how many months of well-controlled asthma can the practitioner move pts down a treatment step? |
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Definition
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