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| A fast moving Avalanche of loose debris that flows out a considerable distance from its source |
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| Attraction between small soil particles, caused by surface tension between water and the surface of the particles |
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| The process of changing a soil saturated with water into a fluid mass that flows downslope |
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| The resistance to down slope movement of a flow or a landslide. |
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| Clay mineral formed by weathering, does not expand when wet. |
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| Water saturated Mud deposited in salty water and tends to consist of random oriented flakes of clay with large open spaces between the flakes. If the the salt is washed out, the flakes are unstable and may easily collapse and flow like water. |
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| A rock mass that falls from a steep slope |
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| A landslide in which the mass rotates(bottom edge outward) as it slides on a basal slip surface |
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| The distance a rockfall will travel, including that beyond the base of a slope. |
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| The angle of a slope a measured down from the horizontal |
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Definition
| A soft "swelling" clay that forms by alteration of volcanic ash, swells when wet, and becomes extremely slippery |
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| Rapid downslope movement of snow |
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| Slow down-slope movement of near surface soil or rock, caused by freezing and thawing of water |
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Definition
| The effect by which grains of sand are held together by the thin films of water between them. |
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| Coarse angular rock fragments that fall from a cliff to form a cone shaped pile banked up against the slope |
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| The lowest, farthest extent of a landslide. |
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| A landslide with a slip surface approximately parallel to the slope of the ground |
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Definition
| A flood magnitude that comes along once every 100 years |
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Definition
| A fan-shaped deposit of sand and gravel at the mouth of a mountain canyon, where the stream gradient becomes gentler or flattens at the main valley floor |
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| The level below which a stream cannot erode, typically a lake or ocean. |
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| a stream that has eroded down to bedrock |
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Definition
| A stream characterized by interlacing channels that separate and come together at different places. The stream has more sediment that it can carry, so it frequently deposits some of it |
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Definition
| The depth of sediment eroded during stream or river flooods. |
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Definition
| A slurry of rock and sand and water flowing down a valley |
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Definition
| The accumulation of sediment where a river reaches the base level of a lake or ocean. |
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| measured volume of water flowing past a cross section of a river in a given amount of time. |
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| A short lived flood that appears suddenly, generally in a dry climate |
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| The point where the flood reaches its peak discharge |
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| Flat lowland that boarders a river, usually dry but subject to flooding every few years |
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Definition
| A stream, typically in a climate with abundant rainfall, that lies below the water table and gains water from groundwater as it flows down stream. |
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| Stream in equilibrium with ts environment; its slope is adjusted to accommodate the amount of water and sediment amounts and grain size provided to it. |
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Definition
| Slope along the channel of a streambed, typically expressed in M/km or ft/mi |
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Definition
| A graph that shows changes in discharge or river stage with time. |
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Definition
1) weight of material on a slope
2) the volume of sediment a stream can carry. |
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Definition
| A stream, typically in a dry climate, that lies above the water table and loses water to an aquifer |
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Definition
| Streams that sweep from side to side in wide turns called meanders |
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Definition
| A flow of mud, rocks, and water dominated by clay or mud-sized particles |
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Definition
| A natural embankment of sediment at the edge of a stream, where sediment is deposited and flood waters slow and spread over and adjacent floodplain |
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Definition
| A small lake left when a meander of a stream is cut off and abandoned by a flood |
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Definition
| Information on previous floods gathered from erosion and depositional features left by such a flood |
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Definition
| Deposits of sand and gravel on the inside (concave side) of a meander bend of a stream |
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Definition
| The average number of years between events of a certain size in a location |
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| The area up-slope from a point in a valley that drains water to that point. |
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| A way of numbering streams in a hierarchy |
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Definition
| Water flowing across the ground after heavy rain |
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Definition
| Part of a landscape that drains water down to a given point on a stream |
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| A large Natural underground cave or tunnel, most commonly in limestone. |
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Definition
| Collapse of the roof material over an underground cavity, often a soil cavern over a limestone cavern. |
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Definition
| Gradual depression of the roof material over an underground cavity. |
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Definition
| Minerals or rocks dissolving in water |
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Definition
| The amount of water pumped from the ground exceeds recharge from participation |
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Definition
| The ragged top of limestone exposed at the surface, resulting from dissolution from acid rainfall and groundwater. |
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Definition
| settling of the ground in response to extraction of water or oil in subsurface soil and sediments, drying of peat, or formation of sinkholes |
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Definition
| the condition where water in the ground remains frozen all year |
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Definition
| A ground depression caused by collapse into an underground cavern |
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Definition
| Able to be dissolved, typically in water |
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Definition
| Soil that expands when wet; generally, a soil that contains smectite, the swelling clay |
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