Term
| What is the geography of Ancient Greece? |
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Definition
| they were sea-going due to the closeness to the sea; the terrain hindered unification because it had short rugged mountains; soil was poor and rocky; coastline was irregular=good harbors; and mild climate |
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Term
| What are the main facts about the Minoan Civilization? |
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Definition
| City=Knossos; had sewer and plumbing; religion based on the bull; named for king Minos; destroyed by volcano |
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Term
| What are the main facts about the Mycenean Civilization? |
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Definition
| War-like people from n.Greece; disappeared because of invasion by Dorians; collapse brought a "Dark Age"; and writing was lost |
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Term
| What are the 5 Characteristics of a City-State? List at least 3 |
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Definition
| small in size; small population; center was the acropoilis; public meeting place-Agora; each formed own government |
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Term
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Definition
| wrote down verbal laws-these laws were harsh & called Draconian laws |
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Term
| What was the Athenian form of Democracy? |
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Definition
| of, by, and for the people, but most in the government leadership were aristocrats |
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Term
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Definition
| he cancelled the depts of the poor; limited land ownership, gave right to vote to all male citizens; established new council |
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Term
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Definition
| abolished land ownership as a requirement for citizenship; exiled all who disagreed |
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Term
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Definition
| divided Athens into 10 tribes based on geography; increased the council developed by Solon |
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Term
| What were the results of the Persian War? |
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Definition
| Delian League formed along with other alliances; kept Persians from extending their empire into Europe; alloed Greek Democracy & culture to reach their heights; Athens becomes most influential city-state |
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Term
| What are some of the results of the Peloponnesian War? |
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Definition
| widespread death and distruction; democracy declined; Disunity left Greeks unable to defend themselves against Philip of Macedonia |
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Term
| What are the 5 characteristics of Greek Art? |
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Definition
| Glorified humans; symbolized pride in city-states; expressed the ideas of harmony, balance, order, and moderation; combined beliefs of beauty and usefullness; honored gods |
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Term
| What are the 3 types of Greek columns? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Greek Philosopher that said evil is a result of ignorance and "know thyself" |
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Term
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Definition
| Greek Philosopher, student of Socrates, ideal government=ruled by aristocrats |
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Term
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Definition
| Greek Philosopher, student of Plato, developed scientific method, tutored Alexander the Great, introduced "reasoning and Logic" to philosophy |
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Term
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Definition
| Greek author who wrote the Illiad and Odyssey |
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Term
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Definition
| the common language of Greece, and later of Rome. The New Testament was written in Koine Greek |
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Term
| What is the Hellenistic Philosophy? |
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Definition
| humans should seek virtue only, scorning pleasure, wealth, and power. People called cynics would question others' motives as insincere or selfish |
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Term
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Definition
| it means Roman Peace; it is the period of peace in the Roman Empire lasting from the beginning of Augustus' reign until the death of Marcus Aurelius; this also brought more crosscultural exchange |
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Term
| Who was Alexander the Great? |
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Definition
| king of Macedonia who conquered most of the known world; founded over 70 cities; and is considered one of the greatest generals of all time |
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Term
| What are the 3 periods of Roman History? |
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Definition
| Regal; Republic; Imperial |
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Term
| What are some Practical influences of the Etruscans? |
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Definition
| hydraulic engineering; town planning; public buildings |
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Term
| What are some Religious influences of the Etruscans? |
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Definition
| Hauruspex-using entrails of animals for divination; Fortuna-goddess of fortue/personification of luck; Gladiators |
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Term
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Definition
| wealthy land owners that ran the government and led the army. They also controlled finances and foreign affairs through a 300-member Senate in rome |
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Term
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Definition
| the common people; these people had their own assembly that could veto the Patricians and Senate in Rome |
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Term
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Definition
| 1st written laws of Romans. They gave Plenians protection against unfair decisions made by Patrician judges. This eventually allowed Plebians the same rights as Patricians but Patricians still dominated the government |
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Term
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Definition
| Roman general and one of the greatest military leaders in history; he conquered most of Gaul and was named dictator for life in Rome. He was later murdered by a group of senators who opposed his enlarged powers |
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Term
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Definition
| the first emperor of Rome; he established the Second Triumvirate with Mark Anthony and Lepidus. He created the imperial system of administration, established new coinages, and encouraged trade. He marked the beginning of the Empire of Rome and developed a Code that is the basis of western laws today |
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Term
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Definition
| Was the first Roman emperor to arrest, try, and convict Christians. He is said to have burned Rome then blamed the Christians so that he could persecute them |
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Term
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Definition
| became Roman emperor after he defeated the other geberals, he founded the Flavian Dynasty, and turned the government into a monarchy |
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Term
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Definition
| he brought the roman empire to its greatest size |
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Term
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Definition
| he fortified the Roman fronteir to protect its boundaries |
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Term
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Definition
| the last of the Good Emperors |
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Term
| What are some examples of Roman Architecture? |
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Definition
| arches, cement, Aqueducts, Colosseum, Circus Maximus, Extensive Road System, and Roman Baths |
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Term
| What was the Roman Religion? |
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Definition
| it was polytheistic-they took many of their gods from the Greeks; but they also worshipped the emperor as a god |
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Term
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Definition
| greatest Roman epic poet. wrote the Aenid=Roman version of the Odyssey |
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Term
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Definition
| Jewish historian who gives info about the early church |
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Term
| What were some of the Roman Amusements? |
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Definition
| Gladiator contests; chariot races; persecutions; and executions. The amusements grew more cruel and blood thirsty |
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Term
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Definition
| emperor that reorganized the empire into 2 halves |
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Term
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Definition
| Rome's last great ruler, 1st Christian Ruler, protects Christianity, creates new capital city=Constantinople |
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Term
| What are the 4 theories of the causes for the Fall of Rome? |
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Definition
| Germanic invasions; Social causes; Economic causes; Political causes |
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Term
| Explain why the Germanic Invasions could have caused Rome to fall. |
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Definition
| The western half of the empire was weakened because it had been attacked by the Huns, the germanic tribes were forced into Roman territory because of the huns and they eventually took over the western half |
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Term
| Explain why Social causes would have caused the fall of Rome. |
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Definition
| Patriotism declined, there was little interest in government, there was moral decay that was evident in the amusements and life styles, and the slavery also weakened the morality. This caused Romans to live to gain their own pleasure instead of trying to better their country |
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Term
| Explain why economic causes could have caused the Roman Empire to fall. |
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Definition
| Productivity of products declined; the government expenses were high; taxes rose; and class warfare broke out |
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Term
| Explain how political causes could have been the demise of the Roman Empire. |
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Definition
| there were problems with successions of the next emperors because of adoptions/no heir; the government was ran by the military and the wealthy; the government was designed for a smaller empire-not one as big as rome |
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Term
| What is the Roman Legacy? |
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Definition
their language-latin, romance languages
their laws-protected individuals from one another and the state
their values-family, a good work ethic,etc. |
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Term
| What are the 4 sects of Judaism? |
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Definition
| Pharissees, Sadducees, Essenes, Zealots |
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Term
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Definition
| priest/ruler who wanted independence from Rome but were nonviolent |
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Term
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Definition
| priest who wanted to cooperate with Rome |
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Term
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Definition
| "mysterious religions" found the Dead Sea Scrolls |
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Term
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Definition
| radical sect that supported violent rebellion against Romans and led the revolt in 66 A.D. |
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Term
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Definition
| Apostle to the Gentiles; he worked to spread Jesus' teachings and wrote letters that explained key ideas of Christianity. He was also a Roman citizen and eventually went to Rome |
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Term
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Definition
| the fish symbol that Christians used. They used it when they were being persecuted and wanted to know if someone else was a Christian. They would draw the fish in the sand to communicate that they were Christians |
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Term
| What was the Roman religious world like at the time of the rise of Christianity? |
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Definition
| it was a polytheistic religion with worship of the emperor tied in. The Christians were persecuted because they refused to worship the emperor |
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Term
| What was the Edict of Milan? |
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Definition
| edict made by Constantine, it began the reform, declared the Roman Empire as religiously neutral, returned confiscated property, lead to Christianity becomeing the state religion of the Roman Empire |
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