Term
| Increased alpha-fetoprotein in amniotic fluid/maternal serum |
|
Definition
Anencephaly, spina bifida (neural tube defects)
[Gastroschisis, omphalocele] |
|
|
Term
| Increased uric acid levels |
|
Definition
| Gout, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, myeloproliferative disorders, loop and thiazide diuretics |
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|
Term
| Intranuclear eosinophilic droplet-like bodies |
|
Definition
| Cowdry type A bodies (HSV or CMV) |
|
|
Term
| Iron-containing nodules in alveolar septum |
|
Definition
| Ferruginous bodies (asbestosis: increased cahnce of mesothelioma [and bronchogenic carcinoma]) |
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|
Term
| Large lysosomal vescicles in phagocytes, immunocompromised |
|
Definition
| Chediak-Higashi disease (failure of phagolysosome formation) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Wilson's disease (hepatolenticular degeneration) |
|
|
Term
| "Lumpy-bumpy" appearance of glomeruli on immunofluorescence |
|
Definition
| Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis |
|
|
Term
| Lytic ("hole-punched") bone lesions on x-ray |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mammary gland ("blue-domed") cyst |
|
Definition
| Fibrocystic change of the breast |
|
|
Term
| Monoclonal antibody spike |
|
Definition
- Multiple myeloma (called the M protein; usually IgG or IgA)
- Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS)
- Waldenstrom's (M protein = IgM) macroglobulinemia
|
|
|
Term
| Monoclonal globulin protein in blood/urine |
|
Definition
| Bence Jones proteins (multiple myeloma [kappa or lambda Ig light chains in urine]), Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (IgM) |
|
|
Term
| Mucin-filled cell with peripheral nucleus |
|
Definition
| Signet ring (gastric carcinoma [and also lobular carcinoma in situe of the breast]) |
|
|
Term
| Narrowing of bowel lumen on barium radiograph |
|
Definition
| "String sign" (Crohn's disease) |
|
|
Term
| Needle-shaped, negatively birefringent crystals |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Nodular hyaline deposits in glomeruli |
|
Definition
| Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules (diabetic nephropathy) |
|
|
Term
| "Nutmeg" appearance of liver |
|
Definition
| Chronic passive congestion of liver due to right heart failure |
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|
Term
| "Onion-skin" periosteal reaction |
|
Definition
| Ewing's sarcoma (malignant round-cell tumor) |
|
|
Term
| Periosteum raised from bone, creating triangular area |
|
Definition
| Codman's triangle on x-ray (osteosarcoma, pyogenic osteomyelitis) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Minimal change disease (child with nephrotic syndrome) [results in loss of negative charge barrier] |
|
|
Term
| Polished, "ivory-like" appearance of bone at cartilage erosion |
|
Definition
| Eburnation (osteoarthritis resulting in bony sclerosis) |
|
|
Term
| Protein aggregates in neurons from hyperphosphorylation of protein tau |
|
Definition
| Neurofibrillary tangles (Alzheimer's disease and CJD) |
|
|
Term
| Pseudopalisade tumor cell arrangment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Rectangular, crystal-like inclusions in Leydig cells |
|
Definition
| Reinke crystals (Leydig cell tumor) |
|
|
Term
| Renal epithelial casts in urine |
|
Definition
| Acute toxic/viral nephrosis |
|
|
Term
| Rhomboid crystals, positively birefringent |
|
Definition
| Pseudogout (calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sheets of medium-sized lymphoid cells ("starry sky" appearance on histology) |
|
Definition
| Burkitt's lymphoma (t[8:14] c-myc activation, associated with EBV) |
|
|
Term
| Silver-taining spherical aggregation of tau proteins in neurons |
|
Definition
| Pick bodies (Pick's disease: progressive dementia, similar to Alzheimer's) |
|
|
Term
| Small granulomatous lesion in lungs (can calcify) |
|
Definition
| Ghon focus (Primary TB: Mycobacterium bacilli) |
|
|
Term
| Small, round RBC inclusions |
|
Definition
| Heinz bodies (G6PD deficiency, alpha-thalassemia, chronic liver disease) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Giant cell tumor of bone (generally benign) |
|
|
Term
| "Spikes" on basement membrane, "dome-like endothelial deposits |
|
Definition
| Membranous glomerulonephritis (may progress to nephrotic syndrome) |
|
|
Term
| Stacks of red blood cells |
|
Definition
| Rouleaux formation (high ESR: multiple myeloma) |
|
|
Term
| Stippled vaginal epithelial cells |
|
Definition
| "Clue cells" (Gardnerella vaginalis) |
|
|
Term
| "Tennis-racket"-shaped cytoplasmic organelles (EM) in Langerhands cells |
|
Definition
| Birbeck granules (histiocytosis X: eosinophilic granuloma) |
|
|
Term
| Thrombi made of white/red layers |
|
Definition
| Lines of Zahn (arterial thrombus, layers of platelets/RBCs) |
|
|
Term
| "Thumb sign" on lateral x-ray |
|
Definition
| Epiglottitis (Haemophilus influenzae) |
|
|
Term
| Thyroid-like appearance of kidney |
|
Definition
| Chronic bacterial pyelonephritis |
|
|
Term
| "Tram-track" appearance on LM |
|
Definition
| Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis |
|
|
Term
| Triglyceride accumulation in liver cell vacuoles |
|
Definition
| Fatty liver disease (alcoholic or metabolic syndrome) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| CLL (almost always B cell; affects the elderly) |
|
|
Term
| "Wire loop" glomerular appearance on LM |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Xanthochromia (subarachnoid hemorrhage) |
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