Term
| Anticentromere antibodies |
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Definition
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Term
| Antidesmoglein (epithelial) antibodies |
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Definition
| Pemphigus vulgaris (blistering) |
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Term
| Anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies |
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Definition
| Goodpasture's syndrome (glomerulonephritis and hemoptysis) |
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Term
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Definition
| Drug-induced SLE (hydralazine, isoniazid, phenytoin, procainamide) |
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Term
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Definition
| Rheumatoid arthritis (systemic inflammation, joint pannus, boutonniere deformity) |
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Term
| Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA's ) |
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Definition
| Vasculitis (c-ANCA: Wegener's; p-ANCA: microscopic polyangitis, Churg-Strauss syndrome) |
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Term
| Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs: anti-Smith and anti-dsDNA) |
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Definition
| SLE (type III hypersensitivity) |
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Term
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Definition
| idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) (bleeding diathesis) |
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Term
| anti-topoisomerase antibodies |
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Definition
| Diffuse systemic scleroderma |
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Term
| Anti-transglutaminase/antigliadin/antigliadin/ anti-ednomysial antibodies |
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Definition
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Term
| Azurophilic granular needles in leukemic blasts |
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Definition
| Auer rods (acute myelogenous leukemia: especially the promyelocytic type) |
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Term
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Definition
| ankylosing spondylitis (chronic inflammatroy arthritis: HLA-B27) |
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Term
| Basophilic nuclear remnants in RBCs |
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Definition
| Howell Jolly bodies (due to splenectomy or nonfunctional spleen) |
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Term
| basophilic stippling of RBCs |
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Definition
| Lead poisoning or sideroblastic anemia |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| "boot shaped" heart on x-ray |
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Definition
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Term
| Branching gram-positive rods with sulfur granules |
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Definition
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Term
| Bronchogenic apical lung tumor |
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Definition
| Pancoasts tumor (can compress sympathetic ganglion and cause horner's syndrome) |
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Term
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Definition
Hemorrhage (hemosiderin) causes brown color of steolytic cysts Due to:
1) Hyperparathyroidism
2) Osteitis fibrosa cystica |
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Term
| Cardiomegaly with apical atrophy |
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Definition
| Chagas disease (trypanosoma cruzi) |
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Term
| Cellular crescents in bowman's capsule |
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Definition
| Rapidly progressive cresenctic glomerulonephritis |
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Term
| "chocolate cyst" of ovary |
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Definition
| Endometriosis (frequently involves both ovaries) |
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Term
| circular grouping of dark tumor cells surrounding pale neurofibrils |
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Definition
| Homer Wright rosettes (neuroblastoma, medulloblastoma, retinoblastoma) |
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Term
| Colonies of mucoid Pseudomonas in lungs |
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Definition
| Cystic fibrosis (CFTR mutation in caucasions resulting in fat-soluble vitamin deficiency and mucous plugs) |
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Term
| Degeneration of dorsal column nerves |
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Definition
| Tabes dorsalis (tertiary syphilis) |
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Term
| depigmentation of neurons in substantia nigra |
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Definition
| parkinson's disease (basal ganglia disorder: rigidity, resting tremor, bradykinesia) |
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Term
| desquamated epithelium casts in sputum |
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Definition
| Curschmanns spirals (bronchial asthma; can result in whorled mucous plugs) |
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Term
| Disarrayed granulosa cells in eosinophilic fluid |
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Definition
| call-exner bodies (granulosa-theca cell tumor of the ovary) |
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Term
| Dysplastic squamous cervical cells with nuclear enlargement and hyperchromasia |
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Definition
| Koilocytes (HPV: predisposes to cervical cancer) |
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Term
| enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusion bodies |
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Definition
| "owls eye" appearance of CMV |
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Term
| enlarged thyroid cells with ground glass nuclei |
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Definition
| "orphan annie" eye nuclei (papillary carcinoma of the thyroid) |
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Term
| eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in liver cell |
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Definition
| Mallory bodies (alcoholic liver disease) |
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Term
| eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in nerve cell |
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Definition
| Lewy body (Parkinson's disease) |
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Term
| Eosinophilic globule in liver |
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Definition
| Councilman body (toxic or viral hepatitis, often yellow fever) |
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Term
| Eosinophilic inclusion bodies in cytoplasms of hippocampal nerve cells |
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Definition
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Term
| Extracellular amyloid deposition in gray matter of brain |
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Definition
| Senile plaques (alzheimer's disease) |
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Term
| Giant B cells with bilobed nuclei with prominent inclusions ("owl's eye") |
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Definition
| Reed sternberg cells (Hodgkin's lymphoma) |
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Term
| Glomerulus-like structure surrounding vessel in germ cells |
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Definition
| Schiller-Duval bodies (yolk sac tumor) |
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Term
| "Hair-on-end" (crew-cut) appearance on x-ray |
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Definition
| Beta thal, sickle cell anemia (extramedullary hematopoeisis) |
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Term
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Definition
| Choriocarcinoma, hydatidiform mole (occurs with and without embryo |
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Term
| Heart nodules (inflammatory) |
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Definition
| Aschoff bodies (rheumatic fever) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Hexagonal, double-pointed, needle-like crystals in bronchial secretions |
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Definition
| Bronchial asthma (Charcot-Leyden crystals: eosinophilic granules) |
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Term
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Definition
| DVT, pulmonary embolism, DIC |
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Term
| Hilar lymphadeopathy, peripheral granulamatous lesion in middle or lower lung lobes (can calcify) |
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Definition
| Ghon focus (primary TB: mycobacterium bacilli) |
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Term
| "Honeycomb lung" on X-ray |
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Definition
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Term
| Hypersegmented neutrophils |
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Definition
| Megaloblastic anemia (B12, folate deficiency) |
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Term
| Hypochromic, microcytic anemia |
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Definition
| iron deficiency anemia, lead poisoning, thalassemia (HbF sometimes present) |
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Term
| increased alpha-fetoprotein in amniotic fluid/maternal serum |
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Definition
| anencephaly, spina bifida (neural tube defects) |
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Term
| increased uric acid levels |
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Definition
| gout, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, tumor lysis syndrome, loop and thiazide diuretics |
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Term
| intranuclear eosinophilic droplet-like bodies |
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Definition
| Cowdry type A bodies (HSV or yellow fever) |
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Term
| iron containing nodules in alveolar septum |
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Definition
| Ferruginous bodies (asbestosis: inc. chance of mesothelioma) |
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Term
| large lysosomal vesicles in phagocytes, immunodeficiency |
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Definition
| Chediak-Higashi disease (congenital failure of phagolysosome formation ) |
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Term
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Definition
| Wilson's disease (hepatolenticular degeneration ) |
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Term
| "lumpy bumpy" appearance of glomeruli on immunofluorescence |
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Definition
| Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (immune complex deposition of IgG and C3b) |
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Term
| Lytic "hole-punched" bone lesions on x-ray |
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Definition
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Term
| mammary gland ("blue-domed") cyst |
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Definition
| fibrocystic change of the breast |
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Term
| Monoclonal antibody spike |
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Definition
1) multiple myeloma (called the M protein; usually IgG or IgA)
2) Monoclonal gammopathy of undertermined significance (MGUS; normal consequence of aging)
3) Waldenstrom's (M protein = IgM) macroglobulinemia
4) Primary amyloidosis |
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Term
| Monoclonal globulin protein in blood/urine |
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Definition
| bence jones proteins (multiple myeloma [kappa or lambda Ig light chains in urine]), Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (IgM) |
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Term
| Mucin-filled cell with peripheral nucleus |
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Definition
| Signet ring (gastric carcinoma) |
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Term
| narrowing of bowel lumen on barium radiograph |
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Definition
| "string sign" (crohns' disease) |
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Term
| needle shaped, negatively birefringent crystals |
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Definition
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Term
| Nodular hyaline deposits in glomeruli |
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Definition
| Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules (diabetic nephropathy) |
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Term
| "Nutmeg" appearance of liver |
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Definition
| Chronic passive congestion of liver due to right heart failure |
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Term
| "onion-skin" periosteal reaction |
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Definition
| Ewing's sarcoma (malignant round-cell tumor) |
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Term
| Periosteum raised from bone, creating triangular area |
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Definition
| Codman's triangle on x-ray (osteosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, pyogenic osteomyelitis) |
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Term
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Definition
| Minimal change disease (child with nephrotic syndrome) |
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Term
| Polished, "ivory-like" appearance of bone at cartilage erosion |
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Definition
| burnation (osteoarthritis resulting in bony sclerosis) |
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Term
| protein aggregates in neurons from hyperphosphorylation of protein tau |
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Definition
| neurofibrillary tangles (Alzheimers disease and CJD) |
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Term
| pseudopalisading tumor cells on brain biopsy |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Rectangular, crystal-like, cytoplasmic inclusios in Leydig cells |
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Definition
| Reinke crystals (Leydig cell tumor) |
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Term
| Renal epithelial casts in urine |
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Definition
| Acute toxic/viral nephrosis |
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Term
| Rhomboid crystals, positively birefringent |
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Definition
| Pseudogout (calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Sheets of medium sized lymphoid cells ("starry sky" appearance on histology) |
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Definition
| Burkitt's lymphoma (t[8:14] c-myc activation, associated with EBV) |
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Term
| Silver staining spherical aggregation of tau proteins in neurons |
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Definition
| Pick bodies (Pick's disease: progressive dementia, similar to Alzheimer's) |
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Term
| "soap bubble" in femur or tibial on x-ray |
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Definition
| Giant cell tumor of bone (generally benign) |
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Term
| "spikes" on basement membrane, "dome-like" endothelial deposits |
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Definition
| membranous glomerulonephritis (may progress to nephrotic syndrome) |
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Term
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Definition
| Rouleaux formation (high ESR, multiple myeloma) |
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Term
| "tennis-racket" shaped cytoplasmic organelles (EM) in langerhans cells |
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Definition
| Birbeck granules (histiocytosis X: eosinophilic granuloma) |
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Term
| stippled vaginal epithelial cells |
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Definition
| "clue cells" (gardnerella vaginalis) |
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Term
| thrombi made of white/red layers |
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Definition
| Lines of Zahn (arterial thrombus, layers of platelets/RBCs) |
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Term
| "thumb sign" on lateral x-ray |
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Definition
| Epiglottitis (Haemophilus influenzae) |
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Term
| Thyroid-like appearance of kidney |
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Definition
| chronic bacterial pyelonephritis |
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Term
| "tram-track" appearance on LM |
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Definition
| Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis |
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Term
| Triglyceride accumulation in liver cell vacuoles |
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Definition
| Fatty liver disease (alcoholic or metabolic syndrome) |
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Term
|
Definition
| CLL (almost always B cell; affects the elderly) |
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Term
| "wire loop" glomerular appearance on LM |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Xanthochromia (subarachnoid hemorrhage) |
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