Term
| What movement is associated with Jacques-Louis David? |
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Definition
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Term
| What historical event inspired neoclassical artist David? |
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Definition
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Term
| Neoclassical artist David was known for showing _____ in his portraits |
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Definition
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Term
| Neoclassical artist David got mad when he realized that he wasn't the exclusive painter for _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| Neoclassical artist David fought with Gerard for the rights do exclusively do the portraits of _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| Neoclassical artist David was inspired by what aspect of Rome? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| For what type of paintings was neoclassical artist David known for? |
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Definition
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Term
| How was neoclassical artist David known to reveal his works? |
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Definition
| as theatrical installations (with sculptures, across from a mirror, etc...) |
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Term
| Why was neoclassical artist David put in prison? |
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Definition
| he was friends with Robespierre |
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Term
| Why would neoclassical artist David idealize Napoleon & revolutionary figures in his paintings? |
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Definition
| the people desired to be depicted as heroic |
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Term
| How did the economy change influence neoclassical art? |
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Definition
| the nobles lost money & the bourgoesie gaines power |
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Term
| 5 focuses of neoclassical art |
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Definition
1. everyday life
2. theatre
3. accessible things
4. portraits
5. pleasure |
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Term
| Why did neoclassical art reject academic painters? |
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Definition
| they showed false antiquity |
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Term
| What discovery lead to the neoclassical rejection of academic painters? |
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Definition
| discovery of old things near Naples |
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Term
| What two authors spearheaded the neoclassical literary movement to write about true antiquity? |
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Definition
Winckelmann = Greek
Heyne = Roman |
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Term
| Who were Pannini & Mengs? |
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Definition
| some of the first neoclassical painters of true antiquity |
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Term
| 3 main neoclassical values |
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Definition
1. geometry
2. simplicity
3. sobriety |
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Term
| What movement of painting was rejected by neoclassical painters? |
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Definition
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Term
| 2 marks of classical painter Ingres |
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Definition
1. transformation of bodies (weird anatomy lines)
2. play with mirrors |
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Term
| What movement is Ingres associated with? |
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Definition
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Term
| Did classical artist Ingres care more about elegance or anatomy? |
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Definition
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Term
| Would classical artist Ingres sometimes put the same women in multiple of his paintings? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Why would classical artist Ingres sometimes paint in a circular view? |
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Definition
| to represent his eye/what he saw & to give voyeuristic impression (looking in on a secret) |
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Term
| What aspect of Greece inspired classical artist Ingres? |
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Definition
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Term
| What 2 types of paintings was classical artist Ingres known for? |
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Definition
1. portraits
2. mythological paintings |
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Term
| 3 main marks of classical paintings |
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Definition
1. symmetry
2. structure
3. literary/mythological subjects |
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Term
| Why would classical artists often portray naked colony women? |
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Definition
| it was illegal to portray naked French women |
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Term
| Why would classical artists spend a lot of time in designing their paintings? |
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Definition
| they sought after equilibrium & harmony |
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Term
| What movement is associated with Delacroix? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| How was romanticism a reaction to neoclassicisim? |
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Definition
| neoclassicism wasn't religious enough |
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Term
| Was romanticism concerned with anitquity? |
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Definition
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Term
| 2 marks of romantic paintings |
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Definition
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Term
| 2 inspirations for romantic paintings |
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Definition
1. literary works
2. politics |
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Term
| examples of romantic subjects |
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Definition
| emotions, passion, love, insanity, anger, dominance, fear, war, suffering |
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Term
| 5 things that romanticism returned to |
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Definition
1. mysticism
2. royalism
3. religion
4. nationalism
5. industrialism |
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Term
| 2 of romantic artist Delacroix's inspirations |
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Definition
1. Dante (literary works)
2. contemporary history |
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Term
| How did romantic artist Delacroix's view of oriental women change after his travels? |
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Definition
| he realized that they aren't always nude & can be serious |
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Term
| What new idea did romantic artist Delacroix bring to painting shadows? |
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Definition
| they aren't always black (added blue/violet) |
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Term
| What new idea did romantic artist Delacroix bring to painting light? |
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Definition
| it isn't 100% white (added red/blue/violet) |
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|
Term
| Did romantic artist Delacroix show touches? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Did romantic artist Delacroix have disorder in his works? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2 things that romantic artist Delacroix is known for |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What did romantic artist Delacroix love about Arab life? |
|
Definition
| he thought it was the depiction of true antiquity |
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|
Term
| Did romantic artist Delacroix study old paintings to learn about color? |
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Definition
| yes! (Venice, Belgium, England) |
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Term
| What movement are Millet, Daumier, & Courbet associated with? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Did realism change the idea regarding painting landscapes? |
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Definition
| yes! (before realsim, you used to have to have a human subject or be copying old paintings) |
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|
Term
| In what way did old writings inspire realism paintings? |
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Definition
| they said to use real nature as an inspiration and not to copy old works because real nature was always changing |
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Term
| How did the Barbizon school of thought influence realism? |
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Definition
| Barbizon = a refusal of Paris...you had to be in nature to paint it |
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|
Term
| On what subject would realism art focus that was previously considered vulgar? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Why did realism refuse classical art? |
|
Definition
| classical would change reality for harmony/beauty |
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Term
| Why did realism refuse romantic art? |
|
Definition
| romantic would change reality for emotionality |
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|
Term
| Would realism art show the workers' true emotion or exaggerate it? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| main subject of realism painter Millet |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Why was Millet not considered a total realism painter? |
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Definition
| his works were considered a little bit romantic for idealizing the workers |
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Term
| main subject of realism painter Daumier |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Why was Daumier considered not a total realism painter? |
|
Definition
| his caricatures were considered kind of expressionist |
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|
Term
| Why was realism painter Daumier put in prison? |
|
Definition
| he made caricatures of the king |
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|
Term
| 3 main subjects of realism painter Courbet |
|
Definition
1. portraits
2. daily/real lives of people
3. normal villages |
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Term
| Why was realism painter Courbet considered rebellious? |
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Definition
| he represented real-life prostitution & revolutionaries |
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|
Term
| Did realism painter Courbet idealize his subjects? |
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Definition
| no! (he even put cellulite on a woman) |
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|
Term
| Did realism painter Courbet like to work symbols into his paintings? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Was realism painter Courbet known to put his friends in his paintings? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Why was realism painter Courbet mocked? |
|
Definition
| his depictions of villagers |
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|
Term
| 3 main things that inspired pre-impressionist Manet |
|
Definition
1. old paintings
2. travels
3. meetings with other artists |
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|
Term
| Was pre-impressionist Manet known to paint fast & never correct his work? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Did pre-impressionist Manet play with black & white? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| In what ways was pre-impressionist Manet inspired by Japanese art? |
|
Definition
| playing with space, detail, using color, movement |
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Term
| What scandalous aspect of Manet's art was inspired by Japanese art? |
|
Definition
| having part of his subjects being objects such as a balcony |
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Term
| How was pre-impressionist Manet inspired by photography? |
|
Definition
| he would cut off body parts out of frame |
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|
Term
| Why was pre-impressionist Manet considered a scandalous artist? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Why did pre-impressionist Manet struggle with his paintings being considered scandalous? |
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Definition
| he copied older paintings & for some reason they weren't scandalous but his were too erotic |
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Term
| When painting scenes of Paris, pre-impressionist Manet painted only _____ |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Did pre-impressionist Manet work more with light or with shadows? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What aspects of the life of an artist did the impressionists fight against? |
|
Definition
| they didn't like that you had to be accepted by a jury that only followed the old rules therefore you couldn't get known for doing something different |
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|
Term
| How did Barbizon influence impressionism? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How did Courbet influence impressionsim? |
|
Definition
| show real life even it it is unpopular (such as prostitutes) |
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|
Term
| How did Manet influence impressionsm? |
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Definition
| paint what you see & show importance by giving more or less details |
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|
Term
| How did photography influence impressionsim? |
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Definition
| paintings had to represent what photography could not (color, touch marks, abstraction) |
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|
Term
| 2 major groups of impressionist artists |
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Definition
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|
Term
| 4 marks of Pissaro impressionists |
|
Definition
1. rural landscapes
2. traditional life in villages
3. lines
4. forms |
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|
Term
| 2 famous Pissaro impressionists |
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Definition
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|
Term
| 3 marks of Argenteuil impressionists |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Where did the name "impressionist" come from? |
|
Definition
| Monet's painting at the 1874 impressionsit showcase |
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|
Term
| 3 main domains of impressionsm |
|
Definition
1. space
2. color/light
3. movement |
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|
Term
| Did impressionism favor light or dark? |
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Definition
| light (shadows were even colored with complementary colors from light) |
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Term
| Impressionsim "mélange optique" |
|
Definition
| mixing different colors near each other to have the eye see a different color to better preserve the luminosity |
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|
Term
| Can you see the touch marks in impressionist paintings? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is one way that impressionist artists would show movement? |
|
Definition
| cutting off parts outside of frame |
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|
Term
| Would impressionist artists paint "en plein air"? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Was Monet always an impressionist painter? |
|
Definition
| no! (he needed to make money first) |
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|
Term
| 2 ways Boudin inspired Monet |
|
Definition
1. paint don't draw
2. "en plein air" |
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|
Term
| 3 ways Jongkind inspired Monet |
|
Definition
1. "en plein air"
2. be stylistic
3. play with diagonals |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| water, movement, light, shadows, leisure, scenes de genre, nature, vegetation, sky |
|
|
Term
| Did Monet favor his subjects or the color/light? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What movement was inspired by Monet? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Did Monet like to play with space/where he situated the spectator? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What series is Monet famous for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How was Edgar Degas a mix of impressionism & classicism? |
|
Definition
| he was influenced by the impressionists but liked the structure of classicism |
|
|
Term
| Did Degas prefer honesty/reality in his portraits or classical perfection? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Despite putting a lot of stock in his initial drawings, what aspect was often "off" in Degas' portraits? |
|
Definition
| they were often not symmetrical or centered |
|
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Term
|
Definition
1. horse races (but not the actual race)
2. dancers/opera (but not the big theatrical moment)
3. scenes of Paris (but real & not idealized...alcoholism & prostitution)
4. women bathing |
|
|
Term
| Did Degas like to show movement? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of painting was Degas known for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 ways Degas was an impressionist |
|
Definition
1. color
2. light
3. touches |
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|
Term
| 2 ways Degas was a classical artist |
|
Definition
1. organization
2. design time |
|
|
Term
| What movement was Seurat associated with? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of approach to color/lighting did divisionist Seurat take? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why did not a lot of other painters follow divisionist Seurat? |
|
Definition
| his style required a lot of preparation & was too methodical for most painters to follow |
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|
Term
| Why did Seurat like to paint in a pointilist style? |
|
Definition
| the little dots of color allowed him to to control the color fading |
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|
Term
| Did divisionist Seurat like to play with axes/colors to represent emotion? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Why did divisonist Seurat simplify/strictly outline forms in his paintings? |
|
Definition
| he wanted to maintain impressionist color/light but he felt that impressionists did not have enough forms in their works |
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Term
| What movement was refused by symbolsim? What did it turn to? |
|
Definition
| refused realism to turn to imagination |
|
|
Term
| What was a large inspiration for symbolism? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was the goal of symbolist works? |
|
Definition
| to suggest and NOT describe |
|
|
Term
| 3 main symbolists of France |
|
Definition
1. Redon (comedic, morbid, flowers, initial black & white phase --> color)
2. Moreau (erotic, androgynous)
3. Fussli (main inspiration for the symbolist movement) |
|
|
Term
| 2 main themes of English symbolism |
|
Definition
1. mythology
2. literature |
|
|
Term
| 3 main symbolists of Belgium |
|
Definition
1. Khnopff (painted his sister)
2. Rops (morbid & erotic)
3. Ensor (social critiques) |
|
|
Term
| 2 main symbolists of Germany |
|
Definition
1. Bocklin (death)
2. Munch (scary things) |
|
|
Term
| main symbolist of Austria |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Baroque/"manniere couillard"
2. impressionist
3. "maturité classique"
4. "vieillesse lyrique" |
|
|
Term
| Cézanne's favorite genre of painting |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cézanne's least favorite subject to paint |
|
Definition
| nude people (too shy to use models) |
|
|
Term
| How was Cézanne an impressionist? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How was Cézanne not like an impressionist? |
|
Definition
| he took a ton of time with his works |
|
|
Term
| How was Cézanne a classical artist? |
|
Definition
| searching for harmony & no improvisation & liked geometry |
|
|
Term
| How are Cézanne's paintings united? |
|
Definition
| he always used light & the same shades of a color |
|
|
Term
| What type of "touche" did Cézanne use? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How would Cézanne paint landscapes? |
|
Definition
| he would study them for a long time before beginning his paintings |
|
|
Term
| Did Cézanne paint erotic things for the sake of being erotic? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 colors that Cézanne was known to use |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How did Gauguin start like an impressionist? |
|
Definition
| he used a lot of color & visible touches |
|
|
Term
| some marks of Gauguin paintings |
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Definition
| appear 2D, decorative, big plats of color, simplified forms, slightly mysterious, universality (especially with religion), problems with humanity |
|
|
Term
| How was Gauguin inspired by Martinique? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How was Gauguin inspired by Brittany? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Were all of Gauguin's paintings titled in English? |
|
Definition
| no! some were in Tahitian |
|
|
Term
| 3 places Gaguin traveled that inspired him |
|
Definition
1. Brittany
2. Martinique
3. Tahiti |
|
|
Term
| synthesism (style of Gaugin) |
|
Definition
| giving painters the right to transform the real world to represent subjective ideas |
|
|
Term
| 2 ways Japanese art influence Gauguin |
|
Definition
1. no shadows
2. flat appaerance |
|
|
Term
| cloisonnism (style of Gauguin) |
|
Definition
| outlining forms with dark lines |
|
|
Term
| Would Gauguin represent paintings that he admired? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2 things Gauguin did not like |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Egyptian influence on Gaugion |
|
Definition
| hand/body positioning of subjects |
|
|
Term
| Gauguin's influence on later painters |
|
Definition
| paint colors how you feel...not what you necessarily see |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Dutch paintings
2. Parisian influences
3. maturing artist |
|
|
Term
| 3 main subjects of Van Gogh's Dutch phase |
|
Definition
1. work/somber real life
2. poor
3. religion |
|
|
Term
| was there a lot of color and light in Van Gogh's Dutch phase? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What movement inspired Van Gogh in his Parisian phase? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2 main subjects of VG's Parisian phase |
|
Definition
1. erotic
2. copy Japanese works |
|
|
Term
| As time went on in VG's maturing artist phase, did his paintings get happier or sadder? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 subphases of VG's maturing artist phase |
|
Definition
1. Arles (inspired by color/light of the south of France, favorite color = yellow, perspective works)
2. St. Remy psychiactric hospital (evolution of swirly touches)
3. Auvers sur Oise (morbid/symbolized death) |
|
|
Term
| How did VG's design change as time went on? |
|
Definition
| started realistic & precise --> became more dynamic/suggestive/used more movement --> eventually just touches without drawing first |
|
|
Term
| How did VG's color change as time went on? |
|
Definition
| changes with his emotions: started somber/muddled (Holland) --> found color/painted brightly (Arles) --> turned to cold colors (mental hospital) --> return to somber (after hospital) |
|
|
Term
| How did VG's light change as time went on? |
|
Definition
somber time = dark light
Arles period = bright light |
|
|
Term
| Was VG known for perspective? |
|
Definition
|
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