Term
|
Definition
| occurs in humans after whole-body reception of large doses of ionizing radiation delivered over a short period of time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| shedding of the outer layer of skin |
|
|
Term
| early nonstochastic/deterministic somatic effects |
|
Definition
| when the consequences on organ systems include cell killing and are directly related to the dose recieved. Threshold |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the stage when no visible symptoms occur, when either recovery or lethal effects begin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the period when signs and symptoms that affect the hematopoietic, gastrointestinal, and cerebrovascular systems become visible |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| occurs within hours after a whole-body absorbed dose of 1 Gy(t) or more |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when living organisms experience biological damage from exposure to radiation |
|
|
Term
| stochastic (probabilistic) somatic effects |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| late stochastic effect, the development of cancer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when ionizing radiation induces the formation of cataracts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the fetus is most susceptible during the first trimester, 10 days to 12 weeks during organ |
|
|
Term
| late nonstochastic somatic effects |
|
Definition
| directly related to the dose received, slowly developing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| biologic effects of ionizing radiation on future generations. Radiation induced damage to DNA in germ cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| observations of the incidence, distribution, and control of disease in a population |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| consequences of radiation exposure that appear months or years after the exposure |
|
|
Term
| late stochastic (probabilistic) somatic effects |
|
Definition
| do not have a threshold, probabilistic in manner, severity does not depend on dose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a point at which a response begins, below that level of radiation no biological effects are observed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| any radiation dose has the capability of producing a biological effect |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| as low as reasonably achievable (optimization) |
|
|
Term
| annual occupational effective dose limit |
|
Definition
| 50 mS (life time= 10 times years in age) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the sum of the weighted equivalent doses for all irradiated tissues or organs incorporating type of radiation and radiosensitivity of organ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the product of the average absorbed dose in tissue/organ and it's weighting factor. When a person receives various types of ionizing radiation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| international commission on radiation protection: makes recommendations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| national commission on radiation protection: implements the recommendations of the ICRP |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| consistency in output radiation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| consistency in output radiation intensity for identical generator settings from one exposure to the next |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the thickness of aluminum required to decrease the intensity of the beam by half of it's original value |
|
|
Term
| primary protective barrier |
|
Definition
| located perpendicular to the undeflected line of travel of the x-ray beam |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| variable aperture collimator, aperture diaphragms, cones, cylinders |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| alternative to grid to help reduce scatter |
|
|
Term
| genetically significant dose |
|
Definition
| the consequences of substantial absorbed doses of gonadal radiation become significantly less when averaged over an entire population instead of just a few members (US is .2 mSv) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| must be .25 mm thick and cover the bucky slot opening on the side of the x-ray table |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the intensity of radiation is inversely proportional to the square of the distance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| radiation that gets through the housing. Cannot exceed100 mR/hr |
|
|
Term
| secondary protective barrier |
|
Definition
| protects against secondary and leakage radiation, any wall or barrier not struck by the primary x-ray beam |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| source to skin distance, 15 inches for stationary, 12 inches for mobile |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a region adjacent to a wall of an x-ray room is used only by occupationally exposed personel |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a nearby hall or corridor that is frequented by the general public |
|
|
