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| A role for the hippocampus in ______ was established when several cases of severe anterograde amnesia followed bilateral temporal lobectomies in humans |
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| _______ is newly acquired information that decays over a brief period unless reinforced |
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| ______ is the retention of acquired information for extended periods of time, often the life of the individual |
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| ______ is memory for facts & events |
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| ______ is memory for how to do things & other types of conditioned associations |
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| The _______ contains four major longitudinal zones: CA1, CA2, CA3, & CA4 |
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| The ______ consists of the hippocampus proper plus the structures immediately bounding the CA regions: the dentate gyrus & subiculum |
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| The ______ includes the hippocampus proper & the hippocampal formation plus the entorhinal cortex in the parahippocampal gyrus |
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| During development, the ______ is first positioned between the dentate & the subiculum |
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| The hippocampus is separated from the rest of the temporal lobe by the inferior horn of the ______ |
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| The _____ carries the major ascending projections of the hippocampus to the mammillary bodies, septum, & nucleus accumbens |
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| Fibers cross in the ______ to innervate the contralateral hippocampus |
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| Large ______ cells in the CA regions are typical excitatory cortical neurons with a pyramid shape, one large apical dendrite, & several smaller basilar dendrites all densely covered with spines |
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| Pyramidal cells have their soma arranged in the _____ layer |
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| Pyramidal cell apical dendrites extend into the ______ layer |
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| Pyramidal cell axons project into the ______ layer |
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| ______ cells in the dentate gyrus have round soma but are spiny like pyramidal cells |
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| ______ neurons are located throughout the dentate gyrus & CA regions |
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| Inputs to the ______ from the perirhinal & parahippocampal cortices function as "what" & "where" pathways respectively |
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| ERC axons "perforate" the hippocampal sulcus to reach granule cells of the dentate gyrus & form the ______ path |
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| In addition to the major projection to the DG, the ______ path also issues minor inputs to CA1 & CA3 pyramidal cells |
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| The CA3 is the main source of _____ projections to the hippocampus in the opposite hemisphere, which travel via the fimbria of the fornix |
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| Pyramidal cells in the CA3 project to pyramidal cells in the CA1 via ______ |
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| Pyramidal cells in the CA1 project to pyramidal cells in the ______ |
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| The "direct" input from the entorhinal cortex synapses on the _______ tips of the apical dendrites of CA3 & CA1 cells |
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| The "indirect" input from the dentate gyrus (mossy fibers) terminates on ______ dendrites of CA3 neurons |
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| ______ from the CA3 synapse onto intermediate dendrites of CA1 cells |
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| ______ axons from the contralateral hippocampus form synapses that are relatively proximal on CA3 neurons |
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| ______ connections in hippocampal circuitry arise primarily from intrinsic GABA cells |
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| The strongest inhibition is produced by ______ cells, whose axons form baskets of inhibitory terminals around the pyramidal cell soma |
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| Within the hippocampus, the overall ratio of excitatory to inhibitory neurons is ______ |
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| The hippocampal formation is susceptible to ______, and many seizure disorders develop here |
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| Hippocampal pyramidal neurons are sensitive to ______ damage |
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| Excessive ______ stimulates excessive calcium influx, which forms free radicals & causes excitotoxic death |
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| The widely accepted model for how synaptic strength can change with experience is a form of neuronal plasticity called ______ |
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| long term potentiation (LTP) |
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| ______ is a persistent enhancement of synaptic efficacy |
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