Term
|
Definition
| Afrikant (Dutch Dialect). Very vulgar, refers to seperation. Segregate everthing. Keep blacks from colored from whites. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Dutch without grammar. A lot of nouns. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Blacks, whites, and colored. Colored is mixed. |
|
|
Term
| Constitution Hill Woman Prison Archetecture |
|
Definition
| Fortress facade. Vaulted windows, but barred. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Always intended it to be temporary. From 1902, the Joburg city council had urged the government to relocate the prison because it did not want a jail in the middle of the city. |
|
|
Term
| Josee, Joburg and Johanesburg |
|
Definition
| All the same town. Located in South Africa. Prison name is Constitution Hill |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| At first it was the pound then it was the rand. |
|
|
Term
| What design did that Central Oval Hall have? (CH) |
|
Definition
| The Central Oval Hall with individual cells fanning out from it is referred to as a panoptican or round-house design, which was the innovation of the 18th centruy by Jeremy Bentham. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| My son was born here and it has affected him forever |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Second woman to be hanged for murder. Accused of murdering her second husband and son. Her spirit is thought to haunt the husband. |
|
|
Term
| Of the cities we have studies how many are gold rush cities? |
|
Definition
| Three. Melbourne, Constitution Hill, and San Francisco. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| It was just so stupid. Everyone has to carry it; especially blacks and colored. Had name, DOB, and race on it. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The bag is symbolic for the life in Constitution Hill |
|
|
Term
| What is the major religion in Johanesburg? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Prisoners and the apple tree in Constitution Hill |
|
Definition
| Prisoners would identify a certain apple for themselves and would fight if anyone tried to get it. Wardresses would punish the prisoners by confiscating the apple when they were ripe. |
|
|
Term
| How many official languages in South Africa? |
|
Definition
| Eleven official languages. English is number four. |
|
|
Term
| How were women expected to walk in CH? |
|
Definition
| Women were required to walk with their head down and hands back. It was humiliating and it was away to show that they are beneath the white female guard. |
|
|
Term
| What did isolation cells have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the political language in South Africa? |
|
Definition
| English. The president speaks in English. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Everyone has the freedom of movement. |
|
|
Term
| Where did Professor Welch go in South Africa? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Means that it is an unlicensed bar. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Everyone citizen has the right to choose their trade, occupation or profession freely. |
|
|
Term
| Another CH Quote at the bottom |
|
Definition
| The state may not unfairly discriminate directly or undirectly against anyone. |
|
|
Term
| Panties, Constitution Hill |
|
Definition
| As resistance against apartheid intensified from the 1950s increasing numbers of political prisoners were held here together after the Soweto uprising of 1976, they were able to use their collective strength to effect important changes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Long-term black prisoners were issued three pads with loops. When the pads perished, they were issued with a further three. Short-term black prisoners were given two pads without loops. These had to handed in after use each month. |
|
|
Term
| Sweatbox (Women in South Punishment) |
|
Definition
| By being locked up in a narrow place with insufficient room to sit down, and near enough to the table so as to be able to smell the food. |
|
|
Term
| The mode of punishment for women is? |
|
Definition
| Flogging with a split hose containing holes so that each lash raises and at the same time breaks the blister. |
|
|
Term
| How were black wardresses treated compared to their white counter-parts? |
|
Definition
| Black Wardresses stood all day and had to take orders from the white ones. White juniors ordered black ones. White Wardresses would sit all dat? |
|
|
Term
| What is Vagaash and Nona mean? |
|
Definition
| Black Wardress and White Wardress respectively |
|
|
Term
| How were showers used in Joburg Female Prison? |
|
Definition
| Showeres were used in big groups. Water was freezing cold and soap was small. Treated like cattle women were laid down and stepped on to be searched. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| WOmen in the First National Assembly of the Republic of South Africa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Microeconomy or Penal Economy Joburg |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Man-made blends in with the environment |
|
|
Term
| How did the Seoul prison look? |
|
Definition
| Looked very Western. Fortress Facade. |
|
|
Term
| Population of Seoul prison? |
|
Definition
| Seoul has a population of about 22 million. |
|
|
Term
| What does the train at Seoul come with? |
|
Definition
| The train comes when classical music comes on. Train stations were clean and efficient. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 80 years for freedom and peace |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was the Korean Prison known as? |
|
Definition
| Seodaemon and before that Gyeongseong |
|
|
Term
| What do the photographs and film speak to? |
|
Definition
| Its authentic. The photographs and film speak to historic value. |
|
|
Term
| Water-Boarding in Seodaemon |
|
Definition
| It was used! It is a torture in which a prisoners head was forced into water making them believe that they were being drowned. Water Torture |
|
|
Term
| Underground Torture-Seodaemon |
|
Definition
| Room was where patriots were taken and tortured. Highest Degree. |
|
|
Term
| How did the Japanese use torture and inhumane acts? |
|
Definition
| It was used to supress the Korean population. |
|
|
Term
| Temporary Detention Room-Seodaemon |
|
Definition
| A psychological torture inflicting mental oppression on a suspect. |
|
|
Term
| Fingernail Torture-Seodaemon |
|
Definition
| A torture to induce pain by piercing a needle-like skewer underneath a prisoner's fingernail. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cutting fingers, gouging eyes, and rupturing internal organs was used as torture. |
|
|
Term
| Interactive Video at Seodaemon |
|
Definition
| It shows that you are the victim. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hands and feet were tied back while being suspended in midair from an airplane. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A torture by putting an individual inside a box with nails. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Narrow torture room-Seodaemon |
|
Definition
| A torture where the person could not stand or sit properly. They would have to bend knees to breathe. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Used in Seodaemon excercise facility. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A stick is on the door. This is for prisoners to inform the guard for an emergency. |
|
|
Term
| Communication between prisoners at Seodaemon |
|
Definition
| Tapping used to convey messages |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Welch's view on sociologists |
|
Definition
| A good sociologist will find a way to get into places that they are not supposed to be and out. |
|
|
Term
| What is off-limits at Seodaemon? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Execution House-Seodaemon |
|
Definition
| This warden building was built in 1923 in which many patriots were executed. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hidden passageway to transport bodies without detection. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Located near execution house. They would cry on the tree thinking that they have failed their country because Japanese still colonized Korea. |
|
|
Term
| Main language of Hong-Kong? |
|
Definition
| Main language is Cantonese. Considered a dialect of Mandarin, but its people thinks its a language. |
|
|
Term
| Where is Hong-Kong set on? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is Hong-Kong in reference to the times people are out? |
|
Definition
| Hong-Kong is an early morning town? |
|
|
Term
| Where is the busiest port in the world home to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many homicide were reported at Hong-Kong in 2011? |
|
Definition
| With a population of seven million a total of 35 homicides were reported. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Name of prison in Hong-Kong |
|
|
Term
| Which prison museum was the only one that we have studies that was not formerly a prison? |
|
Definition
| Hong-Kong (Stanley) is not a former-prison persei. Only one out of the ten prison we have studied that was not a former prison. |
|
|
Term
| Dimensons of the walls in Hong-Kong? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Warning sign in Hong-Kong? |
|
Definition
| Warned people coming in that some parts are disturbing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Victorian penologists were focused on keep idle hands busy. When the tread wheel was installed with much fan fare at Victoria Prison. |
|
|
Term
| One enthusiastic Colonial Administration noted |
|
Definition
| "The very name of the tread wheel will deter many a bad or idle character?" |
|
|
Term
| Capital Punishment in Hong-Kong? |
|
Definition
| In the end of Qing Dynasty, it was common to have pirates and criminal beheaded in public. Many citizens were attracted to see the execuction of capital punishment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| This is a kind of hard labour punishment for prisoners whow ere required to turn the crank as stated in the prison regulations as at 7th April 1900. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Was the pillory used in Hong-Kong? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Prisoner occupation in Hong-Kong |
|
Definition
| Prison worked on board at the stone cutter island under the supervision of prison staff in the 1890s |
|
|
Term
| Cat-of-nine-tail tails in Hong-Kong? |
|
Definition
| It was used in Hong-Kong. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Two crminals were displayed on the street with boards illustrating clearly their offenses under the supervision of the Indian Staff in the 1880s |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A lot of technology used in Hong-Kong. TV interactions and paintings. |
|
|
Term
| Who flattened the road in Hong-Kong? |
|
Definition
| Prisoners flattened the road in the Central in the 1880s. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Prisoners at the Hong-Kong Law Court |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Two criminals being displayed on the street with a slogan displaying their crimes. They were Juveniles. |
|
|
Term
| Lashing Triangle in Hong Kong |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What did prisoners have to do in Hong-Kong that was humiliating? |
|
Definition
| Many criminals had to publicly display their crimes. |
|
|
Term
| Who helped Welch in Hong-Kong? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The type of the knot, the size of the noose and also the length of the rope |
|
|
Term
| What is the drop for Welch? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is Alcatraz located? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What would Melissa call Alcatraz? |
|
Definition
| She would call "La Rocca" which means The Rock. |
|
|
Term
| How/When should someone book a trip to Alcatraz? |
|
Definition
| Book tickets online weeks in advance |
|
|
Term
| Out of the prison we have studies which are gold rush cities? |
|
Definition
| Melbourne, Joburg, and San Francisco |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| It wars people procurring or concealing the escape of prisoners are subject to prosecution and imprisonment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Welch worked for the United States Department of Justice |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Large groups of American Indians and they also occupied Alcatraz |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Interactive feature in Alcatraz |
|
|
Term
| Did Al Capone die on Alcatraz? |
|
Definition
| False. He did not die on Alcatraz. |
|
|
Term
| Alcatraz inmates lived in dungeons on bread and water. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Alcatraz is surrounded by "man-eating" sharks. |
|
Definition
| False. Alcatraz is surrounded by sharks, but not man-eating ones. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A penitentiary is a type of prison. Historically, it was a place to repent One's sins and to better oneself through hard work, strict discipline and inner-reflection. Religion played a larger role in early Penitentiary. The first real test of the ideas of Beccaria, Howard, and Bentham. |
|
|
Term
| Interactive Feature of Alcatraz |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Another interactive feature of Alcatraz |
|
Definition
| Main prison had an audio tour along with the narrator it voiced guards and prisoners. |
|
|
Term
| Who are the Alcatraz Escapees? |
|
Definition
| John Anglin, Clarence Anglin, and Frank Morrisan |
|
|
Term
| Who was the attorney general who shut down Alcatraz? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Famous Prisoners at Alcatraz and the reasons that they were imprisoned? |
|
Definition
| "Bumpy" Johnson was imprisoned for Narcotics. Mickey Cohen was imprisoned for Income Tax Evasion. |
|
|
Term
| What was the only segregated prison in America by 1963? |
|
Definition
| By 1963, Alcatraz was the only segregated prison |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Guards on the floor did not carry guns; gun gallery people only had guns. |
|
|
Term
| Coffee Trieste North Beach, SF, CA |
|
Definition
| Godfather director wrote the script in that cafe. |
|
|
Term
| Why did the firefighter save the saloon in North Beach, SF, CA? |
|
Definition
| Firefighter saved the saloon because it was a whore house an bar. |
|
|
Term
| Who was the pianist at the Saloon in North Beach, SF, CA? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Lombroso Positivism and Woman |
|
|
Term
| Lombroso-Positivism-Women |
|
Definition
| Other woman that were not attractive attracted bad men white good woman with good genes attracted good men. |
|
|
Term
| Who commits more violent crimes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who punished female criminals? |
|
Definition
| Catholic nuns punished female criminals (mostly prostitutes). Lombroso Suggested. |
|
|
Term
| Who represent the fastest-growing segment of the correctional population? |
|
Definition
| Women and now more than ever, they serve as various rank-and-fle staff and administrators. |
|
|
Term
| Intro to Women in Corrections chapter |
|
Definition
| Condition of the women prisoners is most deplorable. They are usually in the oldest part of the prison structure. They are almost always in the direct charge of men guards. They are treated and disciplined as men are. In some prisons children are boprn in prison-either from male prisoenrs or just from others. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A prominent theme in the history of women and punishment is the persistent concern. |
|
|
Term
| What happened because women were not segregated from males in prison? |
|
Definition
| Women prisoners in England and America were not segregated from male convicts. As expected, women suffered horrific physical and sexual abuse; even when women were confined to separate wings of male institutions, male warders often exploited him. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Early women prison reformer, who dedicated herself to the improvement of prison conditions for women in England. Fry advocated reforms similar to those of John Howard, such as work, training, religion and routine. |
|
|
Term
| Similar reforms that occured in the 1820s in the US |
|
Definition
| Dorothea Dix, Abby Hopper Gibbons, MAry Wistar, and Sarah Doremus led several campaigns to improve the conditions of confinement for women: most notable was their insistence that female inmates be supervised solely by female warders. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Advocated the development of 'softer' institutional environments by including such feminine features as decorations, curtains, and flowers. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Views punishment from the perspective of powers, especially as it relates to discipline. According to Foucault, efforts to discipline men have focused on transforming convicts into law-abiding workers. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Used their scientific appeal to medicalize the conception of crime and similar social problems; by doing so, they soon annexed the criminal justice apparatus where they would experiment with certain populations, policies, and institutions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Reminds us that practical considerations were important as the state leaned toward permitting the Good Shepherd to assume authority over female rehabilitation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Distinguished women from men, postulating that females succumb to crime due to moral weakness, irrationality, and low intelligence. Moreover, since many of them had engaged in prostitution a religious solution seemed more fitting than criminal science. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Advocated the use of convents over prisons in reforming female criminals. 'Nuns can train them to replace sexual love the most frequent cause of female crime with religiosity.' |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Just as the practice of punishment is dominated by men, so too is the study of crime. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Feminism 'encourages women to leave their husbands, kill their children, practice withcract, destroy capitalism, and become lesbians. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Proposed that women enter crime to secure attention of men. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Borrowed heavily from Darwinian evolution theory, asserting that prostitutes were primitive throwbacks. They suggest that criminal women do not reproduce because their unattractive physical traits prevent men from pursuing them sexually. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Argued that female criminality is linked to changes in society. For instance, as women gain more freedom and equality, they would also have more opportunity to commit crime. |
|
|
Term
| Alcohol and Drug Use for Females |
|
Definition
| Approximately half of women ofenders confined in state prisons had been using alcohol, drugs, or both at the time of the offense for which they had been incarcerated. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The male-dominated criminal justice system treats women offenders differently from their men counterparts. The criminal justice system protects and sometimes excuses women for their crimes, resulting in fewer women being formally processed into the system, as well as being sentenced more leniently. Know Crew and Willbanks. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Welch is allowed to put the pictures he wants at the publishers expense. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Poses for a photofraph during a Christmas celebration at the Feminine Prison of Santa Marta Acatitla. |
|
|
Term
| What is the foreigner religion? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "The Soft Cage" "Show me your paper law" Christian Parenti. Driving While Black and Brown. Flying while Arab or Muslim, David Cole, DWB, Hit Rate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Prison simply looms as the next phase to a sequence of humiliation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is an American political activist, scholar, and author. She emerged as a nationally prominent activist and radical in the 1960s, as a leader of the Communist Party USA and was in close relations to the Black Panther Party, but was never an official member of the party, and through her association with the Civil Rights Movement. Prisoner rights have been among her continuing interests; she is the founder of "Critical Resistance", an organization working to abolish the prison-industrial complex. She is a retired professor with the History of Consciousness Department at the University of California, Santa Cruz and is the former director of the university's Feminist Studies department |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Set out to discern the degree of prejudice and hostility toward Hispanics in the form of harsh sentencing particularly in the war on drugs. |
|
|
Term
| Native American prisoners |
|
Definition
| Native Americans involvement in the criminal justice system is complicated by jurisdictional and cultural considerations. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Beating up a prisoner to keep him quiet |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Beating a prisoner for cigarettes |
|
|
Term
| Riot in Attica and New Mexico |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Guards with unoffical authority using force |
|
|
Term
| Assault on prisoners with 8th Amendment |
|
Definition
| Cruel and Unusual Punishment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Is a form of domination that is used to coerce the victim. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| If there were a death penalty, more people would be alive |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| To make cruel, harsh, or unfeeling. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The use of punishment as a threat to deter people from offending. Deterrence is often contrasted with retributivism, which holds that punishment is a necessary consequence of a crime and should be calculated based on the gravity of the wrong done |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Executions brings out more violent crime. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Jack Kate, the defense of etnernal good > righteous slaughter. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Prisoner that belived his killing was a community service |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Foucault and SMith further out understanding of executions being propelled by scientific projects involving physics, anatomy, and medicine. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tradition, Retribution, Community Solidarity, Community Protection, Deterrence, Financial Costs, Public Opinion, Prevention of Vigilante-Style Justice. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Violation of Contemporary Standards of Decency, Cruel and Unusual Punishment, Error, finality, and irreversibility, arbitrariness, discrimination, and the discretionary bias. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Deactivated DP, Mansen and Sirhan Sirhan. Activated Death Penalty as long as states have laws that reduces those that are wrongly accused. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| s a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States ruled 6-3 that executing mentally retarded individuals violates the Eighth Amendment's ban on cruel and unusual punishments. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reaffirmed the United States Supreme Court's acceptance of the use of the death penalty in the United States, upholding, in particular, the death sentence imposed on Troy Leon Gregg. Referred to by a leading scholar as the July 2 Cases[1] and elsewhere referred to by the lead case Gregg, the Supreme Court set forth the two main features that capital sentencing procedures must employ in order to comport with the Eighth Amendment bar on "cruel and unusual punishments." The decision essentially ended the de facto moratorium on the death penalty imposed by the Court in its 1972 decision in Furman v. Georgia 408 U.S. 238 (1972). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The Supreme Court consolidated Jackson v. Georgia and Branch v. Texas with the Furman decision, and thus also invalidated the death penalty for rape (which was confirmed post-Gregg in Coker v. Georgia). The Court had also intended to include the case of Aikens v. California, but between the time Aikens had been heard in oral argument and a decision was to be issued, the Supreme Court of California decided in California v. Anderson that the death penalty violated the state constitution, thus the Aikens case was dismissed as moot since all death cases in California were overturned. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is a legal doctrine in some common law jurisdictions that broadens the crime of murder in two ways. First, when an offender kills accidentally or without specific intent to kill in the commission of a felony, the offender can be charged with murder. Second, it makes any participant in such a felony criminally liable for any deaths that occur during or in furtherance of that felony. While there is debate about the original scope of the rule, modern interpretations typically require that the felony be an inherently dangerous one, or one committed in an obviously dangerous manner. For this reason, the felony murder rule is often justified by its supporters as a means of deterring dangerous felonies. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Two trials. One to determine guilt and another to determine DP. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| was the case in which the United States Supreme Court upheld the common law rule that the insane cannot be executed; therefore the petitioner is entitled to a competency evaluation and to an evidentiary hearing in court on the question of his competency to be executed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| was a landmark decision of the United States Supreme Court which passed 5-4. The Court held that both inculpatory and exculpatory statements made in response to interrogation by a defendant in police custody will be admissible at trial only if the prosecution can show that the defendant was informed of the right to consult with an attorney before and during questioning and of the right against self-incrimination prior to questioning by police, and that the defendant not only understood these rights, but voluntarily waived them. This had a significant impact on law enforcement in the United States, by making what became known as the Miranda rights part of routine police procedure to ensure that suspects were informed of their rights. The Supreme Court decided Miranda with three other consolidated cases: Westover v. United States, Vignera v. New York, and California v. Stewart. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is a case in which the United States Supreme Court applied the rule of Apprendi v. New Jersey, 530 U.S. 466 (2000), to capital sentencing schemes, holding that the Sixth Amendment requires a jury to find the aggravating factors necessary for imposing the death penalty. Ring overruled a portion of Walton v. Arizona, 497 U.S. 639 (1990), that had previously rejected this contention. It also essentially overruled the provisions of Spaziano v. Florida 468 U.S. 447 (1984) which allowed a judge to impose a death sentence, overriding a jury's recommendation of life imprisonment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| American Legislature Exchange Company |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Corrections Company of America |
|
|
Term
| Quote about prisoners being privatized |
|
Definition
| Prisoners are raw material. You sell prisoners like you sell hamburgers. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Low-wage guards. High Turn-Over |
|
|
Term
| People working in Private Prison |
|
Definition
| Corrupt COs and POs are result of lacking pay |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
