Term
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Definition
| A group of 2 or more people working together to achieve a common set of goals |
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Term
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Definition
| a diagram that represents the positions and relationships within an organization. |
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Term
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Definition
| the line of authority that extends from the highest to the lowest levels of the organization |
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Term
| Staff (advisory) positions |
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Definition
| jobs that are not part of the direct chain of command in the organization. |
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Term
| What is an Organizational Chart? |
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Definition
| visual representation of a firm’s structure that illustrates job positions and functions |
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Term
| Five Steps to Organizing a Business |
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Definition
| 1.Divide the work that has to be done by the entire organization into separate parts, and assign those parts to positions within the organization. This step is often called job design. 2.Group the various positions into manageable units, or departments. This step is called departmentalization. 3.Distribute responsibility and authority within the organization. This step is called delegation. 4.Determine the number of subordinates who will report to each manager. This step creates the firm’s span of management. 5.Establish the organization’s chain of commandby designating the positions with direct authority and those that are support positions. |
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Term
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Definition
| The separation of activities into distinct tasks and the assignment of different tasks to different people. |
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Term
| What is DEPARTMENTALIZATION |
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Definition
| process of dividing work activities into units within the organization |
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Term
| Major forms of departmentalization subdivide work by: |
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Definition
| Product –Geographic Area –Customer –Function –Process |
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Term
| Departmentalization: By Function |
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Definition
| –Grouping jobs that relate to the same organizational activity (i.e., sales and marketing, product development, and manufacturing and operations |
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Term
| Departmentalization: By Product |
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Definition
| The grouping of job activities based on their relatedness to a particular product or service. |
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Term
| Departmentalization: By Location |
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Definition
| The grouping of activities according to the defined geographic area in which they are performed. |
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Term
| Departmentalization: By Customer |
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Definition
| The grouping of activities according to the needs of various customer populations |
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Term
| Matrix Departmentalization |
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Definition
| A hybrid structure in which two or more forms of departmentalization are used together –most common forms combine product and functional –employees report to two bosses –increased cross-functional interaction –significant interaction between functional and project managers required |
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Term
| Matrix Departmentalization: Advantages |
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Definition
| efficiently manage large, complex tasks –effectively manage large, complex tasks |
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Term
| Matrix Departmentalization: Disadvantages |
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Definition
| requires high levels of coordination –increased conflict levels –requires high level of management skills |
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Term
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Definition
Delegation
Responsibility
Authority
Accountability |
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Term
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Definition
| assigning part of a manager’s work and power to other workers. The manager enlists the subordinate in the performance of the organization’s jobs and tasks. |
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Term
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Definition
| —the duty to do a job or perform a task. The subordinate accepts the responsibility for the job |
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Term
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Definition
| —the power within the organization to accomplish an assigned task. The subordinate is empowered to command and control the resources needed to accomplish the job or task. |
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Term
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Definition
| the obligation to accomplish an assigned job or task. The ultimate_____________ results remains with the delegating manager |
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Term
| Steps in the Delegation Process |
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Definition
Manager: Assigns Responsiblity
Grants Authority Creates accountability--Worker |
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Term
| Decentralized Organization |
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Definition
| An organization in which management consciously attempts to spread authority widely in the lower levels of the organization. |
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Term
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Definition
| An organization that systematically works to concentrate authority at the upper levels of the organization. |
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Term
| NARROW SPAN of management |
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Definition
| Physical dispersion of subordinates Manager has additional tasks High level of interaction required between manager and workers High frequency of new problems |
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Term
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Definition
| High level of competence in managers and workers Standard operating procedures Few new problems |
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Term
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Definition
| The number of layers, or levels, of management in a firm. |
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Term
| The number of layers, or levels, of management in a firm. |
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Definition
| The number of layers, or levels, of management in a firm. |
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Term
| The number of layers, or levels, of management in a firm. |
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Definition
| The number of layers, or levels, of management in a firm. |
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Term
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Definition
| has direct responsibility for achieving the company’s goals and is in the direct chain of command |
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Term
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Definition
| supports and advises the line managers |
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Term
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Definition
| A position that is part of the chain of command; includes direct responsibility for achieving the goals of the organization. |
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Term
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Definition
| the authority line managers have to make decisions and issue directives related to organizational goals |
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Term
| Staff Management Position |
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Definition
| A position created to provide support, advice, and expertise within an organization |
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Term
| The Bureaucratic Structure |
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Definition
| A management system based on a formal framework of authority that is carefully outlined and precisely followed |
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Term
| Characteristics of a bureaucracy |
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Definition
| 1.A high level of job specialization 2.Departmentalization by function 3.Formal patterns of delegation 4.A high degree of centralization 5.Narrow spans of management, resulting in a tall organization |
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Term
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Definition
An organizational structure that combines vertical and horizontal lines of authority, usually by superimposing product departmentalization on a functionally departmentalized organization
Authority glowsa noth own and across |
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Term
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Definition
| A group of employees from different departments who work together on a specific project. –Individuals working on the team report to both the project managerwho is in charge of the team and to their superiors in their home-base functional department. |
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Term
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Definition
| usually the result of combining product departmentalization and functional departmentalization. It is a complex structure in which employees have more than one supervisor. |
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Term
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Definition
| the inner rites, rituals, heroes, and values of a firm that are believed to have a strong influence on a firm’s performance over time |
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Term
| Indicators of corporate culture |
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Definition
| The physical setting (e.g., building and office layout). •Corporate statements about itself. •How the company greets its guests. •How employees spend their time at work (alone or in groups). |
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Term
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Definition
| an employee who pushes an innovative idea, product, or process through the organization while using the organization’s resources for idea development |
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Term
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Definition
| —a committee created for a specific short-term purpose |
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Term
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Definition
| a relatively permanent committee charged with performing some recurring task |
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Term
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Definition
| —a committee established to investigate a major problem or pending decision. |
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Term
| The Informal Organization |
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Definition
| Patterns of behavior and interactions that stem from personal, rather than official, relationships in the organization |
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Term
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Definition
| groups formed by the group members themselves to accomplish goals that may or may not be relevant to the organization. |
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Term
| Reasons for joining informal groups |
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Definition
| The need for affiliation with like people. –Agreement with the goals of the group. –Desire to be accepted by fellow workers. |
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Term
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Definition
| An informal communication network within an organization that is completely separate from—and sometimes faster than—the organization’s formal communication channels |
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Term
| Four Main Resources of BUsiness Management |
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Definition
Material resources
Human Resources
Financial resources
Informational resources |
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Term
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Definition
| Planning, Organizing, Leading and motivating, Controlling, Review and modify |
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Term
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Definition
| –Establishing organizational goals and deciding how to accomplish them |
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Term
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Definition
| :written explanation of an organization’s business intentions and aims –Enduring statement of company’s purpose –Guides the actions of people inside the firm –Informs customers and stakeholders of the company’s underlying reason for existence |
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Term
| Establishing goals and objectives |
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Definition
Goal—an end result that the organization is expected to achieve over a one-to-ten year period.
–Objective—a specific statement detailing what the organization intends to accomplish over a shorter period of time. |
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Term
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Definition
Set at every level in the organization.
•Consistent (supportive) with each other.
•Optimized (balanced) to reduce conflicts between goals. |
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Term
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Definition
| The grouping of resources and activities to accomplish some end result in an efficient and effective manner. |
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Term
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Definition
Leading
Motivating
Directing |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of influencing people to work toward a common goal. |
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Term
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Definition
| —the process of providing reasons for people to work in the best interests of the organization. |
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Term
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Definition
| the combined processes of leading and motivating. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of evaluating and regulating ongoing activities to ensure that goals are achieved. |
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Term
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Definition
| includes three steps: setting standards, measuring actual performance, and taking corrective action. |
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Term
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Definition
Top manager
Middle Manager
First-Line Manager |
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Term
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Definition
| an upper-level manager who guides and controls the overall fortunes of the organization. |
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Term
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Definition
| —a manager who implements the strategy and major policies developed by top management. |
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Term
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Definition
| —a manager who coordinates and supervises the activities of operating employees. |
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Term
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Definition
| Managers who possess certain important skills and who are able to use those skills in a number of managerial roles. |
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Term
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Definition
Technical skill
Conceptual Skill
Interpersonal skill |
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Term
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Definition
| a special skill needed to accomplish a specialized activity. |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability to think in abstract terms |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability to deal effectively with other people |
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Term
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Definition
| Decisional roles, Interpersonal roles, Informational roles |
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Term
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Definition
| —a set of expectations that one is expected to fulfill. |
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Term
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Definition
roles that involve various aspects of management decision making:
•Entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, negotiator. |
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Term
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Definition
roles in which the manager deals with people:
•Figurehead, liaison, leader. |
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Term
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Definition
roles in which a manager either gathers or provides information:
•Monitor, disseminator, spokesperson. |
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Term
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Definition
| The ability to influence others; to have and use power to affect the behavior of others. Leaders seek voluntary cooperation, whereas managers may rely on coercion to change employee behavior |
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Term
| Characteristics of a good leader often mentioned: |
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Definition
| Empathy –Self-awareness –Objectivity |
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Term
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Definition
Authoritarian leader
Laisses-faire leader
Democratic leader |
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Term
| Which Leadership Style Is Best? |
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Definition
| style occurs when the leader’s style matches the situation. |
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Term
| Effective leadership depends on |
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Definition
–Interaction among the employees.
–Characteristics of the work situation.
–The manager’s personality. |
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Term
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Definition
Federal Legislation affecting Human Resources Management; protects rights of employees, promote safety, eliminate discrimination in workplace
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Term
| National Labor Relations Act (1935 |
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Definition
| Establishes a collective bargaining process in labor-management relations as well as the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) |
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Term
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Definition
| Establishes a minimum wage and an overtime pay rate for em- ployees working more than forty hours per week |
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Term
| Labor-Management Rela- tions Act (1947) |
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Definition
| Provides a balance of union power and management power; also known as the Taft-Hartley Act |
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Term
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Definition
| Specifies that men and women who do equal jobs must be paid the same wage |
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Term
| Title VII of the Civil Rights Act (1964) |
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Definition
| Outlaws discrimination in employment practices based on sex, race, color, religion, or national origin |
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Term
| Age Discrimination in Employment Act (1967/1986) |
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Definition
| Outlaws personnel practices that discriminate against people aged 40 and older; the 1986 eliminates a mandatory retirement age |
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Term
| Occupational Safety and Health Act (1970) |
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Definition
| Regulates the degree to which employees can be exposed to hazardous substances and specifies the safety equipment that the employer must provide |
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Term
| Employee Retirement Income Security Act (1974 |
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Definition
| Regulates company retirement programs and provides a federal insurance program for retirement plans that go bankrupt |
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Term
| Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification (WARN) Act (1988) |
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Definition
| Requires employer to give employees 60 days’ notice regarding plant closure or layoff of 50 or more employees |
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Term
| Americans with Disabilities Act (1990) |
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Definition
| Prohibits discrimination against qualified individuals with disabilities in all employment practices, including job application procedures, hiring, firing, advancement, compensation, training, and other terms, conditions, and privileges of employment |
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Term
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Definition
| Facilitates employees’ suing employers for sexual discrimination and collecting punitive damages |
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Term
| Family Medical Leave Act (1993 |
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Definition
| Requires an organization with 50 or more employees to provide up to 12 weeks of leave without pay upon the birth (or adoption) of an employee’s child or if an employee or his or her spouse, child, or parent is seriously ill. |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to policies intended to promote education or employment aimed at a historically socio-politically non dominant group |
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Term
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Definition
| executive orders of the U.S. president established the requirement that federal contractors with 50 or more employees and more than $50,000 in contracts are required ti develop and implement a plan to actively encourage job applicants from members of minority groups and hire qualified employess from minorit groups not fully represented in their organization |
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Term
| Americans with disabilities act |
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Definition
| all private employers and public agencies with 15 or more employees are required to provide disabled employees with reasonable accommodation |
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Term
Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993
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Definition
| United States federal law requiring covered employers to provide employees job-protected and unpaid leave for qualified medical and family reasons including personal or family illness, familiy military leave, pregnancy, adoption, or the foster care placement of a child |
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Term
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Definition
| legal process that allows a person or business entity that is unable to meet its financial obligations to be relieved of those obligations |
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Term
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Definition
Voluntary
Involuntary
CHapter 13
Chapter 11
CHapter 7 |
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Term
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Definition
| personal bankruptcy, not business, allows debtor to set repayment schedule and keep property |
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Term
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Definition
| Business, allows firm to reorganize and develop a repayment plan |
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Term
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Definition
| liquidation plan, sale of assets and divide proceeds among creditors |
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Term
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Definition
Medium of exchange
MEasure of value
Store of value |
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Term
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Definition
| is an upward movement in the average level of prices; causes a loss of money's stored value |
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Term
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Definition
| a downward movement in the average level of prices |
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Term
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Definition
| The boundary between inflation and deflation |
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Term
| Important characteristics of Money |
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Definition
Divisibility
Portability
Stability
Durability
Difficulty of counterfeiting |
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Term
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Definition
| the standard unit of money must divisible into smaller units |
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Term
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Definition
| money must be small enough and light enough to be carried easily |
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Term
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Definition
| money should retain its value over time, not losing its purchasing power |
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Term
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Definition
| objects that serve as money must be strong enough to last through reasonable usage. |
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Term
| Difficulty of counterfeiting |
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Definition
| currency must be hard to imitate or fake to maintain its credibility as an acceptable form payment |
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Term
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Definition
| An amount on deposit in a checking account that can be claimed immediately through a form of withdrawal |
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Term
| Time deposit (near monies) |
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Definition
| An amount on deposit in an interest-bearing savings account. |
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Term
| Main measures of the supply of money |
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
| currency and demand deposits |
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Term
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Definition
| M1 supply of money plus certain money-market securities and small-denomination time deposits or certificates of deposit of less than $100,000 |
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Term
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Definition
| M1 and M2 supplies of money plus certain money-market securities and time deposits or certificates of deposit of $100,000 or more. |
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Term
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Definition
| he central bank of the United States responsible for regulating the banking industry. Controlled by a seven-member board of governors who are appointed by the president and confirmed by the Senate to serve fourteen-year terms. • Composed of twelve district banks and twenty-five branch banks. • District banks are owned by commercial banks that are members of the Federal Reserve system. • Main function is to regulate the nation’s money supply by controlling members’ money reserves requirements, regulating the discount rate, and running open-market operations |
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Term
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Definition
| the percentage of its deposits a bank must retain, either in its own vault or on deposit with its Federal Reserve District Bank |
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Term
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Definition
| sets the reserve requirement; more required reserves, less money in circulation, less required reserves, more money in circulation to stimulate the economy. |
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Term
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Definition
| the interest rate the Federal Reserve System charges for loans to its member banks. – Lower loan rates allow banks to lend more and stimulate the economy; higher rates slow the economy and check inflation. |
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Term
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Definition
| The buying and selling of U.S. government securities by the Federal Reserve System for the purpose of controlling the supply of money. – To reduce the money supply, the Fed sells government securities on the open market to take money out of circulation. – To increase the money supply, the Fed buys securities. |
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Term
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Definition
| is a term applied in many countries to a reference interest rate used by banksoriginally indicated the rate at which banks lent to their most favored customers, though this is no longer always the case. Some variable interest rates may be expressed as a percentage above or below |
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Term
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Definition
| e interest rate charged to commercial banks and other depository institutions on loans they receive from their regional Federal Reserve Bank's lending facility--the discount window |
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Term
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Definition
| A profit-making organization that accepts deposits, makes loans, and provides related services. term used for a normal bank to distinguish it from an investment bank. |
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Term
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Definition
| a commercial bank chartered by the U.S. Comptroller of the Currency. - an ordinary private bank which operates nationally (as opposed to regionally or locally or even internationally) |
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Term
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Definition
| a commercial bank chartered by the banking authorities in the state in which it operates. |
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Term
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Definition
| A profit-making organization that accepts deposits, makes loans, and provides related services to its customers |
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Term
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Definition
| A commercial bank chartered by the U.S. Comptroller of the Currency |
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Term
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Definition
| A commercial bank chartered by the banking authorities in the state in which it operates |
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Term
| The American Bankers Association |
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Definition
| the long- established organization representing the banking industry’s interests. Its website provides articles on banking issues, statistics on the industry, personal financial advice, and links to related sites of interest |
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Term
| Savings and loan associations |
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Definition
| A financial institution that offers checking and savings accounts and certificates of deposit and that invests most of its assets in home-mortgage loans and other consumer loans |
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Term
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Definition
| A financial institution that accepts deposits from and lends money to only those people who are its members ú Members are usually employees of a particular firm, people in a particular profession, or those who live in a community served by a local credit union |
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Term
| Savings and loan association (S&L) |
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Definition
| A financial institution that offers checking and savings accounts and certificates of deposit and that invest most of its assets in home-mortgage loans and other consumer loans. NOW (negotiated order of withdrawal) account—an interest bearing checking account offered by an |
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Term
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Definition
| Financial organizations that are owned by their depositors and offer many of the same services offered by savings and loan associations. |
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Term
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Definition
| A financial institution that accepts deposits from, and lends money to, only those people who are its members. |
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Term
| Other financial institutions |
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Definition
| Mutual savings banks ¡ Insurance companies ¡ Pension funds ¡ Brokerage firms ¡ Finance companies ¡ Investment banking firms |
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Term
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Definition
| a written order for a bank or other financial institution to pay a stated dollar amount to the business or person indicated on the check |
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Term
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Definition
| a document stating that a bank will pay the depositor a guaranteed interest rate for money left on deposit for a specified period of time |
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Term
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Definition
| a short-term loan that is approved before the money is actually needed |
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Term
| Revolving credit agreement |
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Definition
| —a guaranteed line of credit |
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Term
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Definition
| real estate or property pledged as security for a loan |
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Term
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Definition
| —a card that electronically subtracts the amount of a purchase from the cardholder’s bank account at the moment the purchase is made |
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Term
| Advantages of online banking |
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Definition
| Convenience of electronic deposits ¡ Ability to obtain current account balances ¡ Convenience of transferring funds ¡ Ability to pay bills ¡ Convenience of seeing which checks have cleared ¡ Easy access to current interest rates ¡ Simplified loan application procedures ¡ For banks—lower processing costs |
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Term
| Disadvantages of online banking |
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Definition
| Not being able to discuss financial matters with a personal banker |
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Term
| Electronic funds transfer (EFT) system |
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Definition
| A means of performing financial transactions through a computer terminal or telephone hookup ¡ Changing how banks do business ú Automated teller machines (ATMs) ú Automated clearinghouses (ACHs) ú Point-of-sale terminals |
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Term
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Definition
| A legal document issued by a bank or other financial institution guaranteeing to pay a seller a stated amount for a specified period of time ¡ |
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Term
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Definition
| A written order for the bank to pay a third party a stated amount of money on a specific date |
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Term
| Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) |
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Definition
| Created under the Banking Act of 1933 Insures the bank deposits (up to $100,000) of consumers from bank and savings and loans failures. All Federal Reserve System member banks must belong to the FDIC and are subject to their audits. |
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Term
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Definition
| insures the deposits of commercial and savings banks |
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Term
| Savings Association Insurance Fund (SAIF) |
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Definition
| insures the deposits of savings and loans associations. |
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Term
| National Credit Union Association (NCUA) |
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Definition
| insures the deposits of credit union members. |
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Term
| The five Cs of credit management |
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Definition
| he five Cs of credit management ¡ Character—the borrower’s attitude toward credit obligations ¡ Capacity—the borrower’s financial ability to meet credit obligations ¡ Capital—the extent of the borrower’s assets or net worth ¡ Collateral—borrower assets that can be pledged as security for the loaned amount ¡ Conditions—general economic conditions that can affect a borrower’s ability to repay the loan |
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Term
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Definition
| Leading, persuading, giving people a reason to do something |
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Term
|
Definition
| –if people feel good about their jobs, they tend to do jobs well |
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Term
|
Definition
| results in low productivity, absenteeism |
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Term
| Four motivation techniques used by companies to get their employees motivated |
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Definition
| MBO–Management by Objectives JOB ENRICHMENT FLEX TIME EMPLOYEE OWNERSHIP |
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Term
|
Definition
| Program that converts overall organizational objectives into specific objectives for departments and individual employees •Boss and employee agree on what objectives and goals will be set •Set goals in January, then in December sit and discuss results •Increase, Bonus, Promotion are based on this |
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Term
| The Five Steps of an Effective MBO Program |
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Definition
Program endorsed by top management 1
Preliminary goals established by management 2
Goals established between manager and subordinate, and required resources determined
3
Progress reviewed and goals modified, if necessary 4
Results evaluated |
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Term
|
Definition
| •Employer adds something (other than money) to employees job to make it more interesting…..Europe an buying trip, exciting project, more responsibility •Expanding jobs vertically |
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Term
|
Definition
| “using your best judgment |
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Term
|
Definition
| Flexible work hours that require employees to work a specific number of hours per week but allow them the freedom to vary the hours of work within certain limits •Job-sharing •Telecommuting |
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Term
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Definition
| Incentive plans that reward employees with company stock •Motivates employees to work harder, earn more for the company and themselves |
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Term
| What exactly are employee STOCK OPTIONS? |
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Definition
| Stock options from your employer give you the right to buy a specific number of shares of your company's stock during a time and at a price that your employer specifies |
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Term
| HRM-HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT |
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Definition
| The function concerned with attracting, developing, and retaining the right employees for the organization to achieve its goals |
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Term
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Definition
| 1. Acquiring People •2.Maintaining Employees (pay scales, etc) •3.Developing/Training Employees |
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Term
Planning and Acquiring People
•Who does this? |
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Definition
| Big Company –HR person, then line mgr Small Company –Owner, boss |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Downsizing, Attrition, Early Retirement, Firing |
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Term
| •Matching Supply with Demand |
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Definition
| –If demand is greater than supply, then the firm must recruit and select new employees |
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Term
|
Definition
| used to dismiss employees from the work force until they are needed again. |
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Term
|
Definition
| is normal reduction of the work force that occurs when employees leave the firm. |
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Term
|
Definition
| is used to allow or encourage persons to retire early with full benefits. |
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Term
|
Definition
| may be necessary to remove excess employees from the work force |
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Term
|
Definition
| A systematic procedure for studying jobs to determine their various elements and requirements. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A list of the elements that make up a particular job. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A list of the qualifications of the jobholder that are required to perform a particular job |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of attracting applicants. |
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Definition
| attempting to attract job applicants from outside the organization |
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Definition
| considering present employees as applicants for positions |
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Definition
| •Employment Applications •Resumes •Interviews(the most commonly used technique) •References (people who can verify background information and provide personal evaluations) •Recruiting / Employment Agencies |
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Term
| WHat do employment agencies do? |
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Definition
Serve as the middle man between an employer and a job candidates
Screen applicants for a company, check references, conduct preliminary interviews with applicants o find out hteir background, skills and requirements
Match th right person with the right position |
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Definition
| are you competitive with wages outside of company |
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Definition
| different jobs get different wages within company |
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Definition
| different people get different wages (more experience, skills, difference in performance, etc |
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Term
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Definition
HOurly wage
Salary
COmmissions
Incentive payment
Lump-sum salary increases
Profit sharing |
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Term
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Definition
| the amount of money paid for each hour of work |
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Term
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Definition
| the amount of money paid for an employee’s work during a set calendar period, regardless of the number of hours worked |
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Definition
| payments based on a percentage of sales revenue. |
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Term
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Definition
| —a payment in addition to wages, salary, or commissions such as gainsharingfor exceeding goals or quotas. |
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Term
| Lump-sum salary increases |
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Definition
| an entire pay raise taken all at one time in one lump sum. |
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Term
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Definition
| the distribution of a percentage of the firm’s profit among its employees to motivate them to work effectively by giving them a stake in the success of the company |
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Term
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Definition
| Rewards in addition to regular compensation that are provided indirectly to the employee |
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Term
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Definition
| Pay for time not worked—vacation time, holidays, and sick leave. Insurance packages—health, life, and dental coverage. Required by law—workers’ compensation, unemployment insurance, and Social Security. |
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Term
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Definition
| Each employee receives a specific amount of benefit dollars that can be allocated to purchase the benefits that best fit the employee’s needs. |
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Term
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Definition
| section of the Internal Revenue code that allows employees to participate in retirement savings sponsored yb their employers |
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Term
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Definition
| process of teching operations and technical employees how to do their present jobs more effectively and effeciently |
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Term
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Definition
| process of preparing managers and other professionals to assume increased responsibilty in both present and future positions |
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Term
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Definition
| The evaluation of an employee’s current and potential levels of performance to allow managers to make objective human resource decisions. |
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Term
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Definition
| organization of workers who act together to negotiate wages and working conditions with employers |
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Term
| Union-Management (Labor) Relations |
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Definition
| The dealings between labor union and business management, both in the bargaining process and beyond it. |
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Term
| Norris-LaGuardia Act -1932 |
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Definition
| Increased the difficulty for business to obtain injunctions banning union organizing activities (e.g., strikes, picketing, and membership drives). –“Injunction” is a legal ruling that orders workers to stop striking and return to work |
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Term
| National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act) –1935 |
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Definition
| Established rights of workers to organize, be represented by a union, and to negotiate with management. –Management’s violation of worker rights is considered an unfair labor practice. –Established the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) to enforce the act by: •Overseeing union representation elections. •Investigating complaints filed under the provisions of the act. |
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Term
| NLRB –National Labor Relations Board |
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Definition
| is an independent agency of the United States Government charged with conducting electionsfor labor union representation and with investigating and remedying Unfair labor practices. •The NLRB was established in 1935through passage of the National Labor Relations Act (better known as the Wagner Act), which was amended by the Taft-Hartley Actin 1947. |
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Term
| •Fair Labor Standards Act -1938 |
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Definition
| Set a minimum wage for workers covered by the act. –Required overtime rates for hours worked in excess of forty hours in a week. –Prohibited the use of child labor. |
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Term
| •Labor-Management Relations Act (Taft-Hartley) |
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Definition
| Balanced the power of union and management authority. –Defined certain union activities as unfair labor practices. –Gave management more rights to combat organizing campaigns. –Gave the U.S. president reinstated a company’s right to use aninjunctionin the case of strikes that threaten national health and safety |
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Term
| Why Some Employees Join Unions |
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Definition
| As a way to combat alienation and loss of personal identity from dull and repetitive jobs. –Due to their perception that union membership actually increases job security. –As a way of expressing dissatisfaction with one or more elements of their job. –Due to their personal backgrounds (e.g., family history of union membership). –As a requirement to keep their jobs under provisions of the labor contract between the union and the firm at their workplace. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of the workers’ representative negotiating a labor contract with management. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pre-negotiation preparations by both parties. –Bargaining over issues until agreement is reached. –Agreement is ratified by a vote of the union membership. –Agreement is signed and a becomes legally binding agreement. The “Labor Contract” |
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Term
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Definition
| The old contract is expiring and that deadline produces tension |
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Term
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Definition
| —a technique whereby workers report to their jobs but deliberately work at a slow pace than usual. |
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Term
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Definition
| —a refusal to do business with a particular firm. It is a strategy used by a union to bring pressure to bear on an employer with which it has a dispute. |
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Term
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Definition
| occur when a firm refuses to let employees enter the workplace. |
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Definition
| nonunion replacement workers hired to perform the job of a striking union member. |
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Term
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Definition
| —the use of a neutral third party to assist management and the union during their negotiations. |
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Term
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Definition
| the use of a neutral third party to decide an issue over which both parties are unable to reach an agreement. |
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