Term
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Definition
| measure's body heat production to estimate energy expenditure (chamber) |
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Term
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Definition
| calculates energy expenditure from the ratio of CO2 produced to O2 produced |
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Term
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Definition
| instrument used to measure O2 consumption; measures diff btw oxygen inhaled and oxygen exhaled |
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Term
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Definition
| measure's O2 consumption; samples ambient and exhaled air |
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Term
| Respiratory Exchange Rate (RER) |
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Definition
| detremines what fuels are being burned for energy |
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Term
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Definition
| around .7 (low intensity) |
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Term
| RER that burns carbohydrates |
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Definition
| closer to 1 (high intensity) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR) |
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Definition
| the minimum amount of energy needed to sustain basic cellular function |
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Term
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Definition
| Age;Bodt Temp;Psychological Stress;Hormones |
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Term
| When exercise intensity increases what else increases in direct proportion? |
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Definition
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Term
| During Exercise at a constant rate, how long does it take VO2 to increase to its steady state? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The maximal volume or capacity for oxygen consumption by the body during maximal exertion |
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Term
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Definition
| best measurment of cardiorespiratory endurance;increases with training;declines in active ppl after age 25-30 |
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Term
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Definition
| diff btw the oxygen required for a given exercise intensity and the actual oxygen consumption |
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Term
| Excess Postexercise Oxygen Consumption (EPOC) |
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Definition
| the mismatch btw O2 consumption and energy requirements |
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Term
| factors responsible for EPOC |
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Definition
| rebuild ATP & PCr supplies;clears lactate;replenishes O2 supplies; removes CO2 from body tissues;increased metabolic & respiratory rates due to increased body temp |
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Term
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Definition
| point at which blood lactate begins to accumulate above resting oncentrations during exercise of increasing intensity;lactate contributes to fatigue |
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Term
| What happens during lactate threshold? |
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Definition
| Lactate production exceeds body's ability to buffer & metabolize it |
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Term
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Definition
| a principle of design process that says that design and production time should be in proportion to the value it produces in the quality of the final product serving users’ needs |
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Term
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Definition
| Energy Delivery;Accumulation of metabolic by-products;failure of the muscle's fibers contractile mechanism;alteration in the nervous system (performance enhancing supplements are usually directed at one of these) |
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Term
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Definition
| is selective to the muscle groups involved in the activity;exercise feels harder;depletion from type I & II fibers depends on the duration and intensity of the exercise |
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Term
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Definition
| allows ATP to quickly resynthesize |
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Term
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Definition
| decreased release of acetylcholine;hyperactive acetylcholinesterase; hypoactive acetylcholinesterase (theory behind why cramps occur) |
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Term
| How does H+ generated by lactic acid lead to fatigue? |
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Definition
| decreases muscle pH, which impaires the cellular processes of energy production and muscle concentration |
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Term
| Major Cardiovascular Functions |
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Definition
| delivers oxygen & other nutrients like glucose, fatty acids, lactate, etc.;removes CO2 & other wastes;transports hormones;thermoregulation(blood:reservoir of heat);immune fuction;maintenance of acid-base balance |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| sends oxygenated blood to the body |
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Term
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Definition
| sends deoxygenated blood back to heart |
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Term
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Definition
| tissues>right atrium>right ventricle>lungs>left atrium>left ventricle>tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| the cardiac muscle;thickness varies according to chamber wall stress (left ventricle is the most powerful of chambers & the largest) |
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Term
| What type of fiber makes up the heart? |
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Definition
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Term
| Sinoatrial node (SA node) |
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Definition
| pacemaker of heart; autorhythmic(no external input needed) |
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Term
| Atrioventricular node (AV node) |
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Definition
| beats slower than SA node |
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Term
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Definition
| patches of conductive tissue; act like nerves but they aren't |
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Term
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Definition
| acts as the vagus nerve to decrease heart rate and force (resting system for heart) |
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Term
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Definition
| increases heart rate and force of cardiac contraction (fight or flight) |
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Term
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Definition
| impulses from the vagus nerve producing inhibition of the heartbeat |
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Term
| resting heart rate for an adult |
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Definition
between 60-85 bpm
decreases with endurance training;due to increased PNS stimulation |
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Term
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Definition
| altered resting heart rate |
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Term
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Definition
| resting heart rate below 60bpm |
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Term
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Definition
| resting heart rate above 100bpm |
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Term
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Definition
| heart relaxation(blood fills chambers) |
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Term
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Definition
| heart contraction(clood leaves chambers) |
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Term
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Definition
| volume of blood pumped per contraction |
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Term
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Definition
| the fraction of blood that gets pumped out when heart beats |
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Term
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Definition
| carry oxygenated blood away from the heart (thickest & stringest b/c of blood pressure) |
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Term
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Definition
| carry oxygenated blood away from heart;smaller arteries |
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Term
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Definition
| site of gas exchange in lunges and tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart;small veins |
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Term
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Definition
| carry deoxygenated blood to lungs;low pressure |
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