Term
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Definition
| the force that is exerted against the artery walls (normal=120/80) Is controlled by nerve impulses. Systole-top number, contraction of the ventricles. Diastole- bottom number, relaxation of the ventricles |
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Term
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Definition
| the number of times the heart beats per minute |
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Term
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Definition
| the amount of blood that the heart pumps out per heart beat |
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Term
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Definition
| extremely thin, carries oxygen poor blood back to heart (blue) |
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Term
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Definition
| thick, have ability to stretch a lot, take blood from heart to rest of the body (red) |
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Term
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Definition
| very small, deliver nutrient rich oxygen to tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| the sum of all the chemical processes necessary to maintain the functions of the body |
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Term
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Definition
| the rate at which your body uses energy, is dependent on your level of activity |
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Term
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Definition
| glucose, stored as glycogen |
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Term
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Definition
| longer duration lower intensity activity |
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Term
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Definition
| only used when carb. and fat stores are gone |
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Term
| ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) |
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Definition
| the basic form of energy that is utilized by our cells |
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Term
| Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) |
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Definition
| is any disease that affects the heart and blood vessels (leading cause of death in the U.S.) |
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Term
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Definition
| a group of disease characterized by a slow progressive narrowing of "hardening" of the artery by plaques (fat deposits) (beginning stages of CVD) |
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Term
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Definition
| is the major disease of the cardiovascular system, also called coronary artery disease |
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Term
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Definition
| caused by the plaque that forms in one or more of the arteries, can cause a blockage of blood flow to the heart, and tissue can die because of lack of blood flow to that area |
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Term
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Definition
| Heart Attack, Stroke, Hypertension, Congestive Heart Failure |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when the blood supply to the brain reduces for a prolonged period of time by a blockage of artery to the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| result from either increased output of blood by the heart or increased resistance to blood flow from narrowing, hardened arteries. occurs when blood exerts too much force against the vessel walls |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when the heart is weakened and cannot maintain it's usual pumping rhythm |
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Term
| Major Risk Factors of CVD |
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Definition
| Heredity, Gender, Increasing Age, Physical Inactivity, Overweight/Obesity, Diabetes, Smoking, & High Cholesterol (CHL) |
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Term
| Contributory Risk Factors |
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Definition
| increase the risk of CVD, but their direct contribution is unclear. (stress and drinking alcohol) |
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Term
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Definition
| at risk during 30s-40s because of things like higher stress |
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Term
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Definition
| higher risk when older because estrogen is no longer produced after menopause and estrogen has a direct link to protecting the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| the body is limited in how much it can improve its ability to transport and use oxygen (limit is VO2 or Maximal Oxygen Consumption) |
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Term
| Maximal Oxygen Consumption |
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Definition
the highest rate of oxygen an individual is capable of having during activity
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