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Definition
Omnicompetence of reason and scientific method
Uniformity of nature rather than supernatural control and interventions
Optimism of human progress through education, reason and science |
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| 19th Century social, political, and scientific developments |
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Definition
| Capitalism/socialism, industrial revolution/slavery, darwinism |
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Necessity of salvation through faith and personal conversion
Holy life through Holy Spirit (mediated by prayer and Bible study) |
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Definition
Abolitionist movement
Prohibition movement
Prison and labor reforms
Establishment of missionary societies and Bible societies |
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Definition
| Accommodation to modernity; sought to translate the message of Christianity to a way in which modernity could accept |
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Term
| Who is the father of Protestant liberalism |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the essence of religion (Schleiermacher)? |
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Definition
| Not in reason or moral law but in the feeling/intuition of being utterly dependent on something infinite (God consciousness) |
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Term
| Christology of Schleiermacher |
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Definition
| Christ is divine in the sense that he experienced this God consciousness in a complete and powerful way, which he communicated to his disciples and the church |
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Term
| Scripture (Schleiermacher) |
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Definition
| Record of this religious experience of absolute dependence |
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Term
| Theology (Schleiermacher) |
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Definition
| Talk about God is always talk about human experience of God |
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| Based on what Jesus taught |
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| The rule of God in each believer's heart |
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| Jesus taught the higher righteousness of love |
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| God the Father and brotherhood of humanity |
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Definition
| The infinite value of the human soul |
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| "supernatural stuff" of the Gospels left with these truths |
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| Theology not about dogma, but... |
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| Salvation in terms of ______, the Kingdom of God as________ |
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Definition
| Social salvation, social reality |
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| Liberal Theology summarized: |
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Definition
Immanence of God
Moralization of dogma
Universal salvation of humanity |
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Term
| Liberal theology dealt a blow by... |
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Definition
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Term
| Catholic reaction to modernity |
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Definition
| Fortress/bunker; rejection |
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Definition
| Rome alone as the right to determine matters of doctrine, morals, and culture |
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Term
| Pope Pius IX's syllabus of errors |
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Definition
| 80 propositions that Catholics must reject |
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Definition
| Infallibility of pope (ex cathedra) |
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Definition
| Rejection of modernity and liberalism |
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Definition
Inerrancy of scripture
Deity of Christ
Virgin birth of Christ
Literal bodily resurrection and second coming of Christ
Penal substitutionary atonement |
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Term
| Attitude/mindset of fundamentalism |
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Definition
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Term
| Pentecostalism originated with |
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Definition
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Definition
| African American preacher William Seymour |
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Term
| Primary characteristic of Pentecostalism |
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Definition
| Second baptism of the Holy Ghost |
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Term
| Manifestations of the Holy Ghost (Anointings) |
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Definition
Speaking in tongues
Healing
Snake handling
Holy dancing
Holy howling
Holy laughter
Dynamic preaching
Inter-racial |
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Term
| Denominational heritage of Pentecostalism |
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Definition
Assemblies of God
Church of God |
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Term
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Definition
| 1960s-present; across denominational lines |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Protestant (neo-orthodoxy) |
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Term
| Neo-Orthodoxy was a reaction against |
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Definition
| Liberalism and nationalism |
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Term
| Characteristics of Neo-Orthodoxy |
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Definition
The "other-ness" of God-God must reveal God's self
Critique of marriage between culture/nationalism and church |
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Term
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Definition
| The Barmen Declaration; Dietrick Bonheoffer |
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Term
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Definition
| Started as a Protestant movement seeking unity of all Christians above theology, ritual, and policy |
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Term
| What did Ecumenism originate with? |
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Definition
| Edinburgh Missionary in 1910 |
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Term
| Other movements that paved the way for Ecumenism |
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Definition
Revivalism of 18th and 19th centuries
Missionary enterprise of the 19th century
Existence and support of Bible societies
Student Christian Movement |
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Definition
Relation to Modernity?
Engagement--World church, medicine of mercy
Ministry of encouragement and hope to a hurt and lost modern world |
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Definition
-Ecumenical spirit-recognition of other Christians as brothers in Christ; in relation to other religions
-Mass in the language of the people
-More involvement by the laity
-Renewed attention to plight of the poor
-Affirmation of the supremacy of scripture in its teaching and authority |
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Term
| Absolutist/Exclusivist Approach |
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Definition
| Other religions are completely false and devoid of any value or redemption. Christianity is the one and only truth |
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| Scripture for Absolutist approach |
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Definition
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Term
| Common Denominator/Universalist Approach |
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Definition
| At their basics, all religions share common principles and beliefs concerning God (omnipotent and omniscient) and/or ethics (love and justice) |
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Term
| Superior/Inclusivist Approach |
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Definition
| Other religions contain some truth or provide a partial witness to truth, and so they can be appreciated and their value recognized; but Christianity possesses the full or complete revelation of truth. All truth is fully realized in Christianity |
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Term
| Person and scripture that goes with Superior/Inclusivist approach |
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Definition
Karl Rahner's "Anonymous Christian"
Romans 2:14-16 |
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Term
| Faithful Witness/Dialogue Approach |
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Definition
| In both word and deed, Christians faithfully live out the ways of Christ, giving witness to the transformative faith of Christ. Christians do not judge (God's responsibility) their "neighbors" (persons of other religions); they live out their faith in relation to their neighbor |
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Term
| Background of Latin/South American Liberation Theology |
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Definition
Second Conference of Latin American Bishops
Influenced by Marxist social-economic analysis
Some violent revolutionary support, some pacifist |
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Term
| Latin/South American Liberation Theology God |
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Definition
| God takes sides, God is decidedly on the side of the poor, oppressed, and those who suffer |
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Term
| Latin/South American Liberation Theology Sin |
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Definition
| Oppression from unjust government, society, and/or economic system |
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Term
| Latin/South American Liberation Theology Salvation |
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Definition
| Liberation from oppression |
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Term
| Latin/South American Liberation Theology Ecclesiology |
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Definition
| Church as God's people must side with and actively work on behalf of the oppressed |
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Term
| Background of Black Theology |
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Definition
Seed-bed in Civil Rights movement (1960s)
Marting Luther King Jr
James Cone, A Black Theology of Liberation (1970) |
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Definition
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| Liberation from racism for both blacks and whites |
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| Black Theology Ecclesiology |
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Definition
| We must become black with God |
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Term
| Feminist Theology Background |
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Definition
Forerunner-Elizabeth Cady Stanton; suffrage movement
Post-Vatican II female, catholic scholars
Womanist theology-perspective of Black women |
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Term
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Definition
| God is female; or emphasizes the feminine God |
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Definition
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Term
| Feminist Theology Salvation |
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Definition
| Liberation from patriarchy, full humanity of women |
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Term
| Feminist Theology Ecclesiology |
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Definition
| Discipleship of equals; "church in the round" |
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Term
| Characteristics of Liberation Theology |
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Definition
Contextual (not universal)-theology must be contextualized anew in each and every social-cultural situations
Experience-oppression
Orthopraxis-theology is concrete, committed reflection on praxis in light of God's Word
Recognizes the Power of Language |
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Term
| Western Europe and North America |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
| Southern Hemisphere-Morally... |
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Definition
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Term
| Geo-political dimension (Southern Hemisphere) |
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Definition
Decline nation-state autonomy, religion will fill vacuum
Extremist/militant
Lumpa Church
Lord's Resistance Army
Holy Spirit Mobile Force |
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Term
| How did Christianity spread so quickly? |
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Definition
Existential conviction that God had acted in Christ
Expression of love and compassion, both within and without
Martyrdom
Offering of personal fulfillment; relation with the sacred
Pax Romana |
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Term
| Constantinian Christianity |
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Definition
Arian Missions-not connected with Roman Empire
Nestorian Christianity in the East
Frankish King, Clovis
Pope Gregory the Great |
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Term
| Catholic Missions (16th and 17th century) |
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Definition
| Policy of adaptation or conquest? |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Who was the exception to American conquest? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
India and Japan-Francis Xavier
China-Matthew Ricci |
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Term
| Modern Missionary Movement |
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Definition
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Term
| Father of Modern Missionary Movement |
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Definition
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Term
| Two emphases/impetuses of modern missions |
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Definition
Evangelical and revival tradition
Eschatological-worldwide proclamation of the Gospel would prepare/initiate Christ's coming and reign on earth |
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Term
| Characteristics of Modern missions |
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Definition
Mission societies and sending agencies
Involved lay people, particularly women |
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Term
| Missionary woman in China |
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Definition
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Term
| Pacifism in early Christianity |
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Definition
Clement of Alexandria
Tertullian
Justin Martyr
Origen of Alexandria |
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Term
| Constantinian Christianity: Just War Theory |
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Definition
Just Cause
Competent Authority
Right Intention |
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Term
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Definition
| Ambrose, Augustine, and Aquinas |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| War is permissible only to confront a real and certain danger (protect innocent life) |
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Definition
| War must be declared by those with responsibility for public order, not by private groups or individuals |
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Term
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Definition
| War can be legitimately intended only for the reasons set forth as a just cause, to right a wrong |
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Term
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Definition
| For war to be justified, all peaceful alternatives must have been exhausted |
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Term
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Definition
| There must be a reasonable probability of success to justify otherwise "just" acts of war |
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Term
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Definition
| The destruction to be inflicted and the costs incurred by war must be proportionate to the good expected by taking up arms |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Encourages and identifies concrete initiatives that decrease threat and distrust so that war can be prevented |
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Term
| Just peacemaking characteristics |
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Definition
Support nonviolent direct action
Advance democracy, human rights, and religious liberty
Foster just and sustainable economic development
Work with emerging cooperative forces in the international system
Reduce offensive weapons and weapons trade
Acknowledge responsibility for conflict and injustice and seek repentance and forgiveness |
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Term
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Definition
| Science and religion are in fundamental opposition; in irreconcilable conflict |
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Term
| Examples of conflict model |
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Definition
Scientific materialism
Biblical literalism |
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Term
| Independence model (NOMA) |
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Definition
| Science and religion ask different kinds of questions, have different languages, operate within separate compartments |
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Term
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Definition
| Either blurs the distinction between scientific and religious types of knowledge, or attempts to utilize science in order to construct religious systems of thought or vice versa |
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Term
| What is the opposite of the Independence model? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Creationism, intelligent design |
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Term
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Definition
| Science and religion address the same reality from different perspectives; each is needed to account for all reality |
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