Term
| While President, what was Nixon's #1 problem? |
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Definition
| He isolated himself from the public and the media. He issued information through his staff, press conferences were rare. Nixon seemed "paranoid of enemies who might discredit him." |
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Term
| What deceit was used by President Nixon? (6 parts) |
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Definition
1) Congress was not told of the orders to use US troops in Cambodia and Laos on the Ho Chi Mihn Trail
2) Enemy's list
3) Pentagon Papers were leaked. "Plumbers" Nixon's aids used to stop leaks.
4) Illegal wire taps
5) Creep, people were hired to intimidate democratic nominees
6) Watergate |
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Term
| Relaxation of tension between the US and USSR is know as: |
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Definition
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Term
| What is vietnamization? 3 parts |
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Definition
1) training the South Vietnamese troops to take over US combat roles
2) Take a hard line in negotiating with Ho Chi Minh in North Vietnam
3) Renew bombings in North Vietnam in order to force Ho Chi Minh to negotiate |
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Term
| Secretly, Nixon sent US troops into Cambodia and Laos to shut down the flow of soldiers and supplies coming down the: |
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Definition
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Term
| Rebels in South Vietnam that opposed their own government: |
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Definition
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Term
| North Vietnamese soldiers were known as: |
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Definition
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Term
| Parents moved to areas/suburbs with few minorities to avoid integration and/or opened private schools was known as: |
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Definition
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Term
| Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, members of this group set production quotas in order to drive up world prices of crude oil: |
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Definition
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Term
| Slow rate of economic growth and high inflation is known as: |
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Definition
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Term
| In what 3 ways did Nixon and Kissinger change US foreign affairs? |
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Definition
- Use US trade to win Soviet cooperation with US
- Improve US relations with China as a way to divide the Chinese from the USSR
- End US involvement in Vietnam |
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Term
| Why did Nixon send US troops into Cambodia and Laos? |
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Definition
| To shutdown the flow of soldiers and supplies coming down the Ho Chi Minh Trail |
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Term
| What 2 things caused renewed anti-war protests while Nixon was president? |
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Definition
- Americans found out about the bombings in Laos and Cambodia
- Americans learned about Nixon ordering bombings of food supplies in North Vietnam |
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Term
| What are the 3 parts of Nixon's plan to get the US out of Vietnam? |
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Definition
- Training the South Vietnamese troops to take over US combat roles
- Take a hard line in negotiating with Ho Chi Minh in North Vietnam
- Renew bombings in North Vietnam in order to force Ho Chi Minh to negotiate |
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Term
| What were the 3 provisions of the treaty which ended US fighting in Vietnam? |
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Definition
- US agreed to remove all US troops from South Vietnam within 60 days
- North Vietnam was allowed to leave its troops already inside South Vietnam in their positions
- All Americans held as prisoners by North Vietnam had to be released |
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Term
| What are 3 reasons why the US did not win the conflict in South Vietnam? |
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Definition
- Corruption inside the army and government of South Vietnam
- US did not fight a "guerrilla war"
- US did not know its enemies |
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Term
| The treaty with North Vietnam happened: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| When was Saigon captured by the Vietcong? |
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Definition
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Term
| What charges were drawn up by the committee of the House of Representatives against Nixon? 3 parts |
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Definition
- Obstruction of justice
- abuse of power
- contempt of Congress/contempt of Court |
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Term
| What was the most damaging evidence against Nixon? |
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Definition
| - Tapes of conversations in the Oval Office |
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Term
| Why wasn't Nixon impeached? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Why wasn't Nixon put on trial in a Criminal Court? |
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Definition
| Gerald Ford gave Nixon a full and unconditional pardon. |
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Term
| Who replaced Nixon as President? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| How did Americans react to President Ford's pardon of Nixon? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Why did Ford pardon Nixon? |
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Definition
| To help the country put the Watergate scandal behind it. |
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Term
| While President, what 2 problems did Ford face in Asia? |
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Definition
-Saigon was captured by the Vietcong. US tried to evacuate
- Khmer Rogue government of Cambodia seized the USS Mayaguez and imprisoned its crew |
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Term
| While President, what problem did Ford face in Angola? |
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Definition
| Became independent from Portugal. Civil War started between native tribal groups. US/China helped one side while Russia/Cuba helped the other. |
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Term
| While President, what 4 problems did Ford face with the US Economy? |
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Definition
- Rising inflation
- Rising unemployment
- Recession
- Energy shortage/oil crisis |
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Term
| What 3 policies did President Carter focus on while de-empahsizing cold-war thinking? |
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Definition
- Preventing the spread of nuclear weapons
- Promoting human rights in other countries
- Combating poverty in poor nations |
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Term
| What were the Camp David accords? 2 parts |
|
Definition
- Set a timetable for a gradual return of the entire Sinai area to Egypt
- No settlement was reached about a Palestinian homeland |
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Term
| What 3 coutries/leaders were involved in the Camp David accords? |
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Definition
- Egypt/Anwar Sadat
- Israel/Begin
-USA/Carter |
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Term
| Why were the Camp David Accords not completed? |
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Definition
| Sadat was assassinated in 1981 |
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Term
| What 3 things did Carter do to try to free US hostages in Iran? |
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Definition
-Diplomacy
-Economic reprisals
- Rescue mission |
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Term
| While Carter was President, what 4 US actions impacted relations between the US and USSR? |
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Definition
- Emphasis on human rights
- Restored full relations with China
- Carter signed SALT #2 (lowered number of nuclear delivery systems)
- US funneled money and military training to Muslims who fought against the USSR in Afghanistan |
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Term
| What ended detente/What revived the Cold War? |
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Definition
| December 1979, when Russian troops invaded Afghanistan |
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Term
| How did Carter respond to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan? 4 parts |
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Definition
- Banned sales of high technology, especially computers, to USSR
- Carter stopped export of US grain to USSR
- Carter started draft registration
- US boycotted Olympics in Moscow |
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Term
| As President, what did Carter face in Panama? |
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Definition
| The canal zone in Panama. US owned it, said they would return it. Agreed to return it in 2000. |
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Term
| As Presidnet, what did Carter face in Iran? |
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Definition
| US embassy in Iran was seized. 52 Americans were captured. |
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Term
| As President, what did Carter face in Afghanistan? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| As President, what did Carter face with the US Economy? 3 parts |
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Definition
- Stagflation
- Conglomerates grew
- US industries shifted from the East and Midwest to the Sunbelt |
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Term
| An anti-missile system based on the use of lasers and particle beams to destroy incoming missiles while they were in outer space: |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Palestine Liberation Organization, based in southern Lebanon conducted raids across the border into Israel: |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Hight rate of inflation combined with a high unemployment rate is known as: |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Formed to oppose the communist Sandistas: |
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Definition
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Term
| By reducing corporate taxes and taxes of the wealthy, more money would be put into investments and business expansions; this would create new jobs, thus income would trickle down to lower economic groups: |
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Definition
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Term
| Private sector, freed from burdens of government spending, would shift its resources from tax shelters to productive investments; these would lead to an economic boom to provide enough new income to offset lost tax revenue: |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Rules put on business by the government |
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Term
| The first female candidate on a major-party presidential ticket: |
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Definition
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|
Term
| The removal of reduction of industrial activity in a country or region, especially heavy industry or manufacturing industry is known as: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a creditor nation? |
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Definition
| Owing more money than earned in a year. |
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Term
| The process of which people, investment, goods, information and culture flow across national boundaries; the development of an increasingly integrated global economy marked especially by free trade, free flow of capital and the tapping of cheaper foreign labor markets/companies from wealthy nations have goods manufactured in poor nations where taxes and wages are cheaper, than sell the goods in a wealthy nation is known as: |
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Definition
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|
Term
| In 1976, what 3 things frustrated the majority of Americans? |
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Definition
- Concerns over social ills that were not successfully answered
- Resentment over high taxes and inflation
- Foreign policy failures in Vietnam, Iran and Afghanistan |
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Term
| What hurt Carter's re-election in 1980? 2 things |
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Definition
-Misery index
- Setbacks in foreign policy |
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Term
| What parts of the traditional Democratic coalition changed to vote for Reagan/Republicans in 1980? |
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Definition
| Union groups, immigrants and southern democrats |
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Term
| Who remained in the Democratic coalition in the 1980 election? |
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Definition
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|
Term
While campaigning, what did Reagan blame for the US's economic problems? 2 parts
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|
Definition
- High government spending
- High taxes on business |
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Term
| What were Reagan's 3 answers for the US economic problems? |
|
Definition
- Reduce taxes
- Deregulate businesses
- Cut government spending |
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Term
| As President how did Reagan handle welfare? |
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Definition
| Only for the "truly deserving needy". |
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Term
| As President how did Reagan handle the federal deficit? 2 parts |
|
Definition
- Cut government spending
- Cut in taxes |
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|
Term
| As President how did Reagan handle women and minorities? |
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Definition
- Women had not voted in large numbers for Reagan so he did little for them
- Minorities the same as women |
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Term
| While Reagan was President, what happened to US troops in Lebanon? |
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Definition
| Oct. 1983, a muslim terrorist drove a truck with explosives into the barracks of US Marines in Lebanon (Reagan pulled troops out/240+ died) |
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Term
| While Reagan was President, what happened to US troops in Grenada? |
|
Definition
| Reagan sent US marines to prevent the Communists from acquiring a strategic base on Grenada and to rescue American medical students studying in Grenada |
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Term
| During his 2nd term, how did Reagan impact the US Supreme Court? |
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Definition
| Appointed 3 more justices to the US Supreme Court. |
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Term
| During Reagan's 2nd term as President, what were the growing problems in the USA? 4 parts |
|
Definition
- Growing federal budget deficit
- Unfavorable balance of trade
- Decline in traditional US industries and in high technology
- 1985 US became a creidtor nation |
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|
Term
| Over all, how did reaganomics impact wealthy Americans? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Over all, how did reaganomics impact poor Americans? |
|
Definition
| It didn't help them. They voted Democrat. Lots of homeless people were seen more often. |
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|
Term
| Over all, how did reaganomics impact middle class Americans? |
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Definition
| Gained little from tax changes but were taking home less because Social Security taxes had been raised. |
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|
Term
| Why didn't Reagan's trickle down work? |
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Definition
| The wealthy didn't put their money into productive investments. |
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Term
| Federal money was paid for work that was never done or never completed. Contracts were given to people related to the Secretary of HUD, this was known as: |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Officials accepted kick backs for contracts and excessive spending on inexpensive items was discovered, this was known as: |
|
Definition
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Term
| Used profits from the sale of weapons to Iran to finance the Contras. This money could not legally be deposited in the US Treasury. This was illegal due to Boland Amendment and unconstitutional because it usurped Congressional power over the US Treasury funds, this was known as: |
|
Definition
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|
Term
When did the Berlin Wall "fall", starting the reunification of East Germany with West Germany?
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When did the USSR cease to exist? |
|
Definition
| December 1991, 12 remaining republics dissolved and became Independent |
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|
Term
| Which 2 problems did Reagan pass on to George Bush? |
|
Definition
-Growing deficit
- An unfavorable balance of trade |
|
|
Term
| What 2 things happened in Panama in 1989? |
|
Definition
- 27,000 US troops invaded Panama
-General Noriega was arrested for trafficking drugs and laundering drug money |
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|
Term
| What was the UN mandate for Desert Storm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why didn't the US remove Saddam Hussein from power? |
|
Definition
| Didn't want a stalemate that happened in Korea. |
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Term
| What are 2 reasons why Osama Bin Laden turned against the US and European nations? |
|
Definition
-Liberated Kuwait(wanted non-Muslims out of Muslim land)
- US support of Israel |
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|
Term
| Who tried to start a 3rd party (Independent party) in 1992? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| In his impeachment, what were the 2 charges brought by the House of Representatives against Bill Clinton? |
|
Definition
- Perjury
-Obstruction of justice |
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|
Term
| In the 2000 election, which candidate received the most popular votes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the 2000 election, the popular votes in which state were disputed for over 5 weeks? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who (which part of which government) made George W. Bush the winner of Florida's popular votes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What happened in New York, 1993? |
|
Definition
| Bomb exploded in an underground parking deck of the World Trade Center but the building had minimal damage |
|
|
Term
| What happened in Saudi Arabia in 1996? |
|
Definition
| Housing used by US troops were bombed. |
|
|
Term
| What happened in Kenya and Tanzania in 1998? |
|
Definition
| Almost simultaneously, US embassies were bombed |
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|
Term
| The US would assist in creating stable governments in chaotic parts of the world is known as: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Instead of working with a group of nations, the US will act alone. This was known as: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When and why did the US send troops into Afghanistan? |
|
Definition
| 2001, part of a coalition of nations who wanted to eradicate Al Qaeda after the Taliban government was thrown out of power by other Afghans. |
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|
Term
| What are the 3 reasons given by President George W Bush for invading Iraq? |
|
Definition
- Iraq had biological and possibly nuclear weapons (WMDs)
- Iraq was linked to the 9/11 attacks in the US
- As an effort to bring democracy to the people of Iraq |
|
|
Term
| What is preemptive military action? |
|
Definition
| - Strike them before they strike the US |
|
|
Term
| How is preemptive military action a change in US policies? |
|
Definition
| For 200 years US policies that the US attacked another country after being provoked or attacked. |
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Term
| What are the results of attacking Saddam Hussein/Iraq? 3 parts |
|
Definition
-The Western Alliance (NATO) split
- Troops, equipment and money were diverted from the effort to defeat Al Qaeda in Afghanistan
- US occupation in Iraq, after Hussein's capture didn't go well |
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|
Term
| After Saddam Hussein was captured, why did the US occupation of Iraq not go so well? 4 parts |
|
Definition
- There were too few US troops to establish and maintain order, looting was rampant
-Insurgency targeted US troops and Iraqis who were thought to help Americans
- Sectarian violence occured, Shia militias fought Sunni militias
- 2006, terroritsts were coming into Iraq to attack US troops |
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|
Term
| A tribal group that took power in Afghanistan after the USSR pulled its troops out of the country: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A terrorist group that received help from the Taliban: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Newt Gingrich lead efforts to make a "Contract with America" to:
(5 parts)
|
|
Definition
- Curtail the scope of the federal government
- reduce taxes
- overhaul the welfare system
- end affirmative action
- reduce economic and environmental regulations |
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