Term
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Definition
FEEDING COMPETITION
AGRESSIVE INTERACTIONS
(MATING OPPORTUNITY, FOOD) |
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Term
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Definition
PROTECTION FROM PREDATORS
INCREASED ACCESS TO SEXUAL PARTNERS
AVOID INFANTICIDE
ENHANCED FORAGING
COOPERATIVE BEHAVIOR- (ALLOMATERNAL CARE, SOCIAL LEARNING, RESOURCE DEFENSE, FRIENDSHIPS) |
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Term
| IS GROUP SIZE NEAR MAXIMUM |
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Definition
IF NOT, DYNAMIC IS LESS COMPETITIVE
IF YES, CONSTRAINTS BEGIN TO IMPACT SOCIALITY |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Mangabeys, Kipunji, Drills, Mandrills, Baboons |
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Term
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Definition
Theropithecus = Gelada baboon
Papio = hamadryas baboon, guinea baboons, savanna baboons (yellow, olivie, chacma) |
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Term
| Qualities of African papionins |
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Definition
Large bodies
sexual dimorphism (body and canine size, males have bright coloration, scent fland development, manes or capes.
Evidence of strong sexual selection
Distribued throughout sub saharan africa, some arboreal (mangabeys and kipunjis) others highly terrestrial.
Baboons used to model human evolution |
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Term
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Definition
Widest distribution
Gelada baboons, endemic to montane grasslands of highlands in ethiopia |
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Term
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Definition
| Densely forested, equatorial africa |
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Term
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Definition
| Discovered in 2005, critically endangered, only in southern tanzania |
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Term
| Drills and Mandrills Distribution |
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Definition
| allopatrick, in central africa, primary rain forests. |
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Term
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Definition
have cheek pouches
omnivorous and opportunistic
baboons often choose difficult to harvest foods (corms, rhizomes, bulbs and tubers.
High protein to fiber ratios with low toxicity |
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Term
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Definition
| seed eating (granivorous= blades, rhizomes, flowers as wel as the seeds) |
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Term
| Baboon Group Size and Acitivity |
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Definition
Predominantly large groups (varies with predation risk and habitat quality)
generally not territorial, home ranges overlap
generally terrestrial and semi terrestrial.
food water and safe slepeing sites main determinants. |
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Term
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Definition
| Widest distribution of any primate other than humans |
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Term
| Geographic distribution of Macaques |
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Definition
North africa, tip of iberian penninsula, southern asia, and se asia
mostly terrestrial |
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Term
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Definition
| Preference for fruit and other high quality foods but flexible |
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Term
| Paionini social behavior and dominance herarchies |
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Definition
heirarchies within both sexes
female female competition
females often in herit rank in female philapatric species
female rank is stable over their lifetime |
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Term
| 1. Sussman and Garber propose the Social/behavioral flexibility model for explaining group living. What is this model and how does it compare and contrast with the socioecological model? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name as many features (anatomical, physiological, behavioral) as you can that permit colobines to include a high % of mature leave in their diet. |
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Definition
| complex multi-chambered stomach with foregut fermentation |
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Term
| What is alloparenting and what is the function of this behavior? In what taxonomic group(s) is it common? |
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Definition
| an adult females cares for a child of a different adult female by grooming, holding, and carrying the child this is common among the colobinae |
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Term
| What explanations have been offered to account for the relatively high occurrence of infanticide among hanuman (Gray) langurs? |
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Definition
| it is a male reproductive strategy and social pathology ( the result of over crowding and infant curiosity. |
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Term
| Explain why Asian colobines (esp. in SE Asia) are more taxonomically diverse than are African colobines |
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Definition
| There are only three types of African colobines as opposed to the 7 genera of asian colobines which include langurs and odd nosed colobines |
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Term
| Describe the social structure (group size and composition), social behavior, and mating patterns of gelada baboons, hamadryas baboons, and savannah baboons. Note similarities and differences among them. |
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Definition
Gelada Baboons- Multilayered social system, one male unit (OMU), polygynous (no sperm competition)
Hamadryas Baboons- Multilayered social system, one male unit (OMU), polygynous (no sperm competition). Females are transferred coercively among OMUS, disrupts female matrilines. Cross sex bonds underlie cohesions.
Savannah Baboons- Polygamous within miltimale groups. high sperm competition.
all have large groups.
Female matrilines form core of social group. |
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Term
| Cercopithecinae group size and make-up |
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Definition
5 females=single male
more than 10 females= multiple males |
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Term
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Definition
Papionini (baboons, macaques, and friends)
cercopithecini (guenons) |
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Term
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Definition
| colobus species and langurs |
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Term
| In what taxa of OWMs is hybridization documented? What are the possible consequences of hybridization? |
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Definition
| common in papionini (baboons and friends) |
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Term
| How are drills and mandrills unusual among the Papionini? Review both morphology and behavior in responding to this prompt. |
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Definition
| They have the most extreme sexual dimorphism, and there is evidence of strong sexual selection |
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Term
| Explain and discuss the difference between male and female dominance hierarchies in cercopithecine monkeys |
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Definition
papionini- female-female competition (dominant females have food and mating privileges)
male dominance heirarchies are unstable and unrelated males compete for mating opportunities
cercopithicini-lack strong dominance heirarchies |
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Term
| What distinguishes the Papionini from the Cercopithecini? (This requires the synthesis of information form a couple of different days’ lectures and readings.) |
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Definition
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Term
| Who are the patas monkeys and what is unusual about them? |
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Definition
| patas are a part of the cercopithicini and are unusual because they inhabit open grasslands and woodlands rather than forest dwelling. |
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Term
| How are patas and vervet monkeys different from other cercopithecini? |
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Definition
| patas and vervet monkeys are different from the other cercopithecini because they live in a different habitat (grassland and woodlan) and they each different types of food (fruit, acacia trees (gum, fruit, floers, bank) is an important food source |
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