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| Gene flow between populations tends to prevent speciation. |
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Definition
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| Genetic evolution involves changes in gene frequencies between generations within a given breeding population |
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| In evolutionary terms, natural selection is the process that favors the organism's ability to |
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Definition
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| Mutations introduce genetic variation into a gene pool |
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Definition
| operates when there is competition for strategic resources |
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| Natural selection cannot work without |
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Definition
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| Natural selection operates directly on the genotype of an organism. |
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Definition
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Term
| Racial classifications do not accurately represent the wide diversity of biological traits present among human populations |
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Definition
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Term
| The term gene flow refers to |
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Definition
| the transmission of genetic material between populations of the same species |
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Term
| The theory of creationism argues that natural selection of the fittest individuals created all species that are present today |
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Definition
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Term
| ________ created the first biological classification (taxonomy) of plants and animals. |
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Definition
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Term
| ________ refers to all of the genetic material in a breeding population |
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Definition
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Term
| ________ refers to an organism's evident biological characteristics. |
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Definition
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| At the turn of the 20th century, differences between whites and other minority groups (e.g., blacks, Native Americans, Chinese) regarding health and various social conditions such as poverty were often attributed to |
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Definition
| Their biological inferiority |
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Term
| In the film, the students predicted correctly with which other students they had the most genetic material in common. |
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Definition
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Term
| Humans are less genetically different from one another than are emperor penguins and fruit flies |
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Definition
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| As described in the film, scientists always provide unbiased data and facts, and are uninfluenced by social and cultural beliefs. |
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Definition
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| The fact that American culture focuses on the black heritage of mixed “race” individuals such as Colin Powell and Tiger Woods is an example of: |
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Definition
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Term
| Approximately what percent of human genetic variation is found within so-called “races” |
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Definition
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Term
| The greatest human genetic diversity is found in: |
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Definition
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Term
| A reliance on plant foods is the ecological niche of H. erectus that separated them from H. habilis. |
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Definition
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Term
| According to the mtDNA analyses, the first modern humans left Africa |
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Definition
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Term
| Analysis of large samples of human mitochondrial DNA has led some researchers to hypothesize that |
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Definition
| all current human mitochondrial DNA comes from one woman who lived in Africa some 200,000 years ago. |
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Term
| Au. afarensis made the footprints at the site of Laetoli in northern Tanzania. |
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Definition
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Term
| By looking at the molars and chewing muscles of H. erectus, researchers learned that |
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Definition
| H. erectus was more dependent on hunting than earlier hominins. |
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Term
| H. erectus is generally associated with the |
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Definition
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Term
| Many Neandertal anatomical traits reflect adaptation to |
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Definition
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Term
| Oldowan tools were manufactured by |
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Definition
| chipping flakes off a core |
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Term
| Probable adaptive advantages of bipedalism do NOT include that bipedalism |
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Definition
| increased hominins' ability to brachiate through trees and thus escape from predators. |
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Term
| Robust australopithecine fossils have been found only in East Africa |
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Definition
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Term
| The Paleolithic tool tradition associated with H. erectus is the Acheulean. |
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Definition
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Term
| The ________ model suggests that a wave of anatomically modern humans replaced the Neandertals. |
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Definition
| "out of Africa" or "Eve" model |
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Term
| The broad-spectrum revolution is defined as the period when |
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Definition
| glacial retreats led to the exploitation of a greater variety of plant and animal foods |
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Term
| The earliest stone tools discovered thus far, dating to 2.6 m.y.a., |
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Definition
| may have been made by Au. garhi |
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Term
| The first hominins appear during the ________ epoch. |
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Definition
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Term
| The fossil KNM-ER 1470, sometimes called H. rudolfensis, was unusual because it |
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Definition
| has a combination of large molars and a large brain. |
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Term
| The fossils found at Ileret showed that |
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Definition
| H. habilis and H. erectus lived at about the same time. |
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Term
| The genus Homo did not appear until after all of the australopithecines had become extinct. |
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Definition
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Term
| The presence of very large molars and a sagittal crest on top of the skull is evidence of |
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Definition
| adaptation to a diet based on tough, fibrous, and gritty vegetation. |
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Term
| Which of these statements best summarizes the relationship between the birth canal and brain size during the course of hominin evolution? |
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Definition
| "Natural selection has struck a balance between the structural demands of upright posture in bipedalism, which limits the expansion of the pelvic opening, and the tendency toward increased brain size." |
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Term
| ________ is NOT a general trend in hominin evolution |
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Definition
| A decrease in the overall geographic range of hominins |
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Term
| ________ is NOT a trend in early hominin evolution. |
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Definition
| Decreasing cranial capacity |
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Term
| ________ is the name of the stone tool tradition associated with Neandertals |
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Definition
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Term
| ________ was a major hominin group that lived from about 4 million to 1 million years ago. |
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Definition
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Term
| ________ was the first hominin species to expand its range outside of Africa |
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Definition
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