Term
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Definition
cocaine
ritalin
amphetamines |
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Term
| MOA of behaviroal stimualnts |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
amitriptyline
imipramine
trnascyclopromine |
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Term
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Definition
blockade of Ne/5HT reuptake
inhibit MAO (transcyclo) |
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Term
| legal recreational drugs-2 |
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Definition
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Term
| MOA of legal recreational drugs-2 |
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Definition
stimulate ACh
block adneosine recptor |
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Term
| psychostimulant effects-3 |
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Definition
increased appeptie
elevated mood
increased motor activity |
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Term
| high doses of psychostimulants causes |
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Definition
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Term
| low doses of spychostimulants alter what- |
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Definition
| response to emergency situation |
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Term
| *lots of ppl use cocaine daily, # has been stable over the yrs |
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Definition
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Term
| cocaine addicts are young or old |
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Definition
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Term
| the risk of using cocaine vs those that actually do it is _ in middle schooler? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the 4 routes for cocaine |
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Definition
oral
intranasal/snorting
inhalation
IV/mainlining |
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Term
| whihc route of cocaine doesnt give feeling of rush |
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Definition
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Term
| intrnasal use of cocaine isnt absorbed well bc of-2 |
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Definition
vasoconstriction
HCL salt |
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Term
| cocaine easily passes what 2 barriers? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the half life of cocaine? |
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Definition
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Term
how is cocaine metab?
which is the active metab, major or minor? |
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Definition
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Term
the major metabolite of cocaine is?
how long is it present in urine? |
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Definition
benzoylecgonine
3 days (in aucte users) |
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Term
| the msall metaolite of cocaine is- |
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Definition
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Term
| 3 main effects of cocaine |
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Definition
local anesthetic
blood vessel contrictor
psychostimulant (strong reinforcement) |
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Term
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Definition
| block reuptake of Ne and DA |
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Term
| cocaine increases DA where-2 |
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Definition
ventral tegmental
N accumbens |
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Term
| physiological repsonse of cocaine-2 |
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Definition
tachycardia
pupillary dilation |
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Term
| delayed effects of cocaine- |
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Definition
| long lasting anxiety areter 60-90 min |
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Term
| what is the main reason for craving more cocaine? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| toxic effects of cocaine-2 |
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Definition
| anxiety, sleep deprivation |
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Term
| highdose/long term cocaine use= -2 |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the fetal effects of cocaine? -2 |
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Definition
ADHD
low toelrance for frustration |
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Term
| cardio effects of cocaine-2 |
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Definition
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Term
| what other drugs have cocaine like effects-4 |
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Definition
methamphetamine
methylphenidate
pemoline
fenfluramine |
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Term
| ampehtamine related drugs were indicated for 39 conditions like schizo, hiccups, etc |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| increase monoamines in synaptic cleft (DA, NE) |
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Term
| at high doses amphetamines cna inhibit what? |
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Definition
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Term
| main effects of ampehtamines at low doses-2 |
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Definition
| behavior and psychomotor stimulation |
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Term
| amphetamine increase DA in the _ leads to -4 |
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Definition
mesolimibc pathway
alertness, euphoria, mood elevate, reduce fatigue |
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Term
| whcih drug class has a potent appetite supressant effect |
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Definition
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|
Term
in adults amphetamines cna have what affect?
in children?-2 |
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Definition
increased aggressiveness
ADHD, inhibit aggression |
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Term
moderate dose of ampehtamine (20-50 mg)
results in-2 |
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Definition
insomnia
stimulate respiration |
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Term
| high doses of amphetamine (>50 mgs) results in- |
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Definition
| ampehtatmine spychosis (acute schizo) |
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Term
| chronic use of amphetamines results in-4 |
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Definition
Da depletion
tyrosine hydroxylase depletion
loss of DA recpt
loss of resposnviness |
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Term
| tolerance of ampehtamine is acocmpanied by-3 |
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Definition
dysphoria
sedation
lethargy |
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Term
| look at slide 19 for progression of substance abuse |
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Definition
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Term
| the #1 caffeine abuser drinks |
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Definition
| energy drinks (can be 500 mg per can!) |
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Term
| what was the energy drink that started it all? |
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Definition
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Term
| FDA OTC stimulants (including 100 mg of caffeine in NoDoz) must have this wanring? |
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Definition
| dont give to children <12 yo |
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Term
| what doesnt have the warning dose of caffine? |
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Definition
| the 500 mg energy drink cans! |
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Term
blackout in a can=
how many of these is unsafe? |
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Definition
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Term
| MOA of caffeine at dose <15 mg/kg |
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Definition
| antag of adenosnine recptors |
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Term
| MOa of caffeine at high conc (>25 mg/kg)-3 |
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Definition
inhibits PDE3
increases intracell Ca |
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Term
| caffeine blocks what adeonisne recptors? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| adeosine 2 recptor does what?-2 |
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Definition
increase GABA
decrease DA infinty |
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Term
| caffeine is poor/well abrobed after PO? |
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Definition
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Term
| half life of caffeine in young na delderly? |
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Definition
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|
Term
caffein PK effects are reduced in what ppl
why? |
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Definition
smokers
CYP 450 1A2 induced |
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|
Term
half life of caffeine is _ with oral contraceptives?
what about last trimester? |
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Definition
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Term
| peripheral affects of caffeine-2 |
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Definition
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Term
| CNS effects of caffeine-2 |
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Definition
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Term
symptoms of caffeine intoxication-3
what dose does it occur at? |
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Definition
restlessness, arrythmia
>250 mg |
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Term
| caffeine withdrawal main symtpom? |
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Definition
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Term
| can tolerance devlop in caffeine? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the #1 prevetnable cause of death in the US |
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Definition
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Term
| was there a large decreas ein smokers in the past decade? |
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Definition
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|
Term
how mnay compounds make up cigarette smoke?
how man are carcinogenic? |
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Definition
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Term
| nicotine is readily abosorbed thru-3 |
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Definition
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Term
| how mnay puffs of cig are needed to occupy brain nicotinic recpt |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
what is majority of nicotine metab by?-2
what is it metab to? |
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Definition
aldehyde oxydase (liver) and CYPs
cotinine |
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Term
| what is the half life of cotinine |
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Definition
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Term
| nicotine causes _ release where? |
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Definition
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Term
| where does nicotine bind to to release DA? |
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Definition
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Term
where does nicotine bind on glutamte recptors?
where are these recptors located |
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Definition
a7 nicotinc presynaptic recpt'
VTA |
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|
Term
nicotine also desentizes the _ recptors
where? |
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Definition
postsynaptic GABA
VTA interneurons |
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Term
| nicotine raises DA where? |
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Definition
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|
Term
nicotine causes _ of the a4b2 nicotinic ACh recpt?
normally these recept are |
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Definition
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|
Term
| how long does it take for re-sensitization of the nicotine recptorsnad withrdrawl craving> |
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Definition
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|
Term
| chronic desensitizaiton of nicotine recpt causes the recptors to upregulate and makes amplified cravings*** |
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Definition
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|
Term
smokers have lower levels of?
where at?-2 |
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Definition
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|
Term
| nicotine actions on the CNS- |
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Definition
| activate ACH= stimulation |
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Term
| low dose nicotine effects-3 |
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Definition
increased alertness
stimulate respiration
possible vomitting |
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|
Term
| at high doses what does nicotine do |
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Definition
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|
Term
| repeated exposure to nicotine leads to |
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Definition
| tolerance/neuroadaptation |
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Term
| nictoine affects what organ systems-5 |
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Definition
CNS
peripheral
GI
cardiovasc
exocrine |
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Term
| what does nicotine do to GI-3 |
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Definition
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|
Term
| what does nicotine do to Cardiovasc system-3 |
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Definition
| increase HR/CO/O2 consupmtion |
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Term
| wht does nicotine do to exocrine glands |
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Definition
| inital stimulation, then inhibition |
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|
Term
| what are adverse disease caused by smoking? |
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Definition
atherosclerosis
MI
lung cancer |
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Term
| nicotine withdrawal symtpoms-3 |
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Definition
anxiety
restlessness
wt gain |
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Term
| with smoking, nicotine levels rise slow/quickly |
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Definition
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|
Term
trnasdermal dlivery of nicotine deleviers what kind of nicotine?
what can this do?
what doesnt it do?-2 |
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Definition
steady levels
desentize receptrs/releive craving
phasic bursts like cigs for DA to reinforce pleasure
cant eliminate all cravings |
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Term
| what is the nicotinic partial agonist |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| partial nicotine agonists do what? |
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Definition
| stabilze the nicotine receptors in an intermediate state |
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Term
| ACh effect on nicotine recptrs |
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Definition
| short pulses of DA release |
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Term
| nicotine effects on nicotinic recptors |
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Definition
| prolonged openein of channels til desensitize |
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Term
| NPA action on nicotinic recpt |
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Definition
| small increase in openeing of channels for sustained small amnt of DA release |
|
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Term
| what is the DA and Ne reuptake inhibitor? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| look at slide 51 for advt of NPAs and bupropion |
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Definition
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