Term
| What are the 2 kinds of muscle contraction? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is an Isotonic Contraction? |
|
Definition
When the muscle contracts it also shortens.
The force generated by the muscle is greater then the force opposing it.
(ie lifting weights) |
|
|
Term
| What is an Isometric Contraction? |
|
Definition
The muscle contracts but does NOT shorten.
The force generated by the muscle is less than the force opposing it
(ie pushing a wall) |
|
|
Term
| What are the three kinds of Series Elastic Elements found in muscles? |
|
Definition
- Stretchy Elastic Proteins in tendons (collagen)
- Stretchy Elastic Proteins between muscle fibers
- Stretchy Elastic Proteins found w/in the sarcomere (elastin)
|
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 factors that dictate how strong a muscle can be? |
|
Definition
- Number of muscle fibers that are stimulated
- Frequency of stimulation
- Thickness of each fiber (more cross-bridges)
- Length-Tension Relationship
|
|
|
Term
| What is the Length-Tension Relationship? |
|
Definition
The optimal length of a muscle fiber that will generate the maximum force
2.25um |
|
|
Term
| What is the optimal length? |
|
Definition
2.25 um
Longer- decrease the # of cross-bridges
Shorter- interrupt the cross-bridge formation which can lead to myosin deformation |
|
|
Term
| Where do we get our ATP from for muscle contraction? |
|
Definition
| Carbs, Lipids and sometimes Proteins |
|
|
Term
| What is the Maximum Rate of Oxygen Consumption? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When the work increases but oxygen uptake doesn't is called _____ _________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the point at which you start producing significant amounts of lactate called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
After hard exercise, the O2 levels need to be replenished (why you continue to breath hard after you finish).
The O2 was taken from the Hemoglobin deposits and now must be replenished. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A organic molecule that stores phospahate |
|
|
Term
| Creatine kinase takes creatine and uses a ______ (making ______) to create Phosphocreatine. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Phosphocreatine takes a ______ and make an _______. |
|
Definition
ADP-->ATP
P-Creatine is a faster way to make ATP than the "cycle" |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 kinds of muscle fibers? |
|
Definition
- Slow Twitch Oxidative
- Fast Twitch Oxidative
- Fast Twitch Glycolytic
|
|
|
Term
| Which kind of muscle fiber generates ATP through aerobic respiration, is called a red muscle and needs blood for O2 is somewhat resistant to fatigue? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which kinds of muscle fiber generates ATP through Glycolysis or anaerobic respiration and is called white muscle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which kind of muscle fiber generates ATP through aerobic respiration and is called a red muscle because it needs blood for O2 and is resistant to fatigue? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 kinds of muscle fatigue? |
|
Definition
- Central Fatigue
- NMJ Fatigue
- Excitation-Contraction Coupling Fatigue
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The mental desire to cease activity |
|
|
Term
| When there is a decrease in receptors or NT (associated with a diseased state) what kind of fatigue is it? |
|
Definition
| Neuromuscular Junction Fatigue |
|
|
Term
| Explain the two kinds of Excitation-Contraction Coupling Fatigue |
|
Definition
- Depletion Theory- a depletion of glycogen which interferes with Ca++ release from the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
- Accumulation-Pi build up leads to a decrease in the release of Pi from Myosin meaning it can't power stroke
|
|
|
