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| "Rest"; the seventh day of the week (Saturday), a day of prayer and rest from work |
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| "Beginning of the Year"; celebration of the Jewish new year in the seventh lunar month |
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| Day of Atonement, the most sacred day of the Jewish year |
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| Spring festival celebrating freedom from Egypt and oppression |
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| A branch that attempts to blend the best of old and new Judaism |
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| A movement beginning in the nineteenth century that questioned and modernized Judaism;a liberal branch |
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| The most traditional branch of Judaism |
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| "teaching/instruction"; first of five books of the Hebrew scriptures, instructions of God believed to have been transmitted orally from Moses |
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| A priestly group influential in the Second Temple period |
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| A group during the Second Temple period that emphasized observation of biblical rules |
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| The dispersion of Jews beyond Israel, particularly in Persia, Egypt and the Mediterranean |
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| The movement that has encouraged the creation and support of the nation of Israel |
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| A savior figure to be sent by God, awaited by Jews |
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| A reclusive monk-style Jewish group that flourished from 150 B.C.E. to 68 C.E. |
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| An anti-roman nationalistic Jewish group active during the Roman period of control over Israel |
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| The destruction of European Judaism by the Nazis; also known as Shoah (extermination) |
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| One of three sections of the Hebrew bible meaning "the prophets" |
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| One of three sections of the Hebrew Bible meaning "the writings" |
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| First partriarch of Judaism; promised by God to have many desdants and land after proving his loyalty by nearly sacrificing son Isaac. Also father to Ishmael and grandfather to Jacob |
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| Son of Abraham, illegitimate child born to maid |
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| Son of Isaac, wrestles with God and is given the name Israel, told to settle the land of Canaan which eventually becomes Israel, has many sons |
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| Told to build an ark to survive a great flood intended to wipe out humanity; carries 2 of each animal |
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| Mother left in the Nile, raised by Egyptian princess, told by God to help free the Jews after seeing the "burning bush" |
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| Jacob's favorite son, brothers sell him to slavery in Egypt, eventually becomes a minister and takes care of his brothers when the famine drives them to Egypt. Not vengeful, Genesis ends with his death |
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| Called to God during march for freedom, returns with Ten Commandments (rules for living) |
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| An expanding power which took over the northern kingdom of Jerusalem |
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| Human beings who spoke in God's name, experienced a life changing revelation from God and felt commissioned to speak in his name |
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| Captured souther kingdom of Judah for 50 years, during which Jews established Sabbath, lead to oral stories being written in order to survive |
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| North kingdom of Judaism, overtook by Assyria |
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| Southern kingdom of Judaism, overtook by Babylonia |
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| "lead together", meeting house |
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| Judaism may not have begun as monotheistic(started in a period where only polytheism was upheld) but developed into it |
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| Mysterious origin of the universe which is present and visible in everything |
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| The legendary founder of Daosim |
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Yin- the receptive aspect of the universe that expresses itself in silence, darkness, coolness and rest
Yang- the active aspect of reality that expresses itself through speech, light and heat |
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| "No action" "no strain"; doing only what comes spontaneously and naturally; effortlessness |
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| The book of the sayings of Confucius |
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| Empathy, consideration for others, humaneness, a Confucian virtue |
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| Appropriate action, ritual, propriety, etiquette |
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| The classic scripture of Daoism |
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| An ancient Confucian book of divination, one of the Five Classics, still in use today |
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| Educated leader and creator of Confucianism; society would only funtion properly if virtues were taught and lived. Believed all humans could be excellent |
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| Excellent individuals will maintain and produce an excellent society; an excellent society with produce and maintain excellent individuals |
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| Confucian teacher influenced by Daosim. Believed in a hierarchy of love and responsibility; familes first, then friends and neighbors, then rest of society. Education was important too |
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| One of the four books; highlights heaven and "the way", mystical and equillibrium |
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| Third phase of confucianism which was enriched by scholarship and philosophy |
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| Daoism, Confucianism, Buddhism |
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| Ultimate goodness, assists all things and does not compete with them |
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