Term
| What are the NT properties of Amino acids |
|
Definition
| Lipophobic, Receptors on membrane, Only 4 (Glutamate, asparatate, glycine and GABA) |
|
|
Term
| Properties on Amines as neuromessenger |
|
Definition
| Lipophobic (except Thyroid hormones, Receptor on membrane, contains amine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Dopamine, Epinephrine, norepinephrine (derived from tysosine) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Dopamine to Norepinephrine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| NE to epinephrine, only located in PNS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cleaved from larger proteins, stored in vesicles, Prepropeptide>Propeptide>Peptide |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Synthesized on demand, release rate depends on synthesis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Stored in vesicles, rate determined by exocytosis, |
|
|
Term
| Properties of Steroids as NT |
|
Definition
| Synthesized on demand(Lipophylic, Derived from cholesterol, |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Progesterone, Cortisol, Aldosterone, Testosterone, Estrogen |
|
|
Term
| Messenger Transport( blood bourne) |
|
Definition
| lipophylic-carrier protein (long half life), lipophobic-dissolves (short half life), EX hormones |
|
|
Term
| Messenger Transport (Diffusion) |
|
Definition
| Ligand is degraded quickily, Para. auto crines |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| amitotic, High metabolic rate, Cluster=nuclei |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Control environment, support |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Produces CSF and movement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Produce the myelin around axons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| form myelin around larger neurons, only PNS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surround neuron body in PNS |
|
|
Term
| Transport in Axon is controlled by.... |
|
Definition
Kinesin- move down axon
Dynein-move vesicles upward both down microtubules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Afferent-Interneurons-Efferent |
|
|
Term
| Development of Nerve System |
|
Definition
| Stem cell can turn into nerve/glial cells Tip coated by growth cone to push through, guided by glial cells |
|
|
Term
| How do nerves know where to go? |
|
Definition
| glial cells give off signals(supporting, deflecting and inhibiting) and soluble neurotropic factors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ability of neurons to reform |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cell is fine, but oligodendrocytes die off leaving no myelin |
|
|
Term
| Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz (GHK) |
|
Definition
| calculation used to get membrane potential expands to Nernst equations |
|
|
Term
| Potential Controlled by... |
|
Definition
| Na/K ATPase, leak channels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Moving from RMP to less negative |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| movement towards resting potential |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| moving in a more negative direction away from RMP |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| confined to small part of plasma membrane, magnitude changes and , three names; receptor potential, synaptic potential, and pacemaker potential |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1-4milliseconds, 100 per second, all or none |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1.) Stimulous pushes toward threshold potential. 2.) Na channels open gate opens. 3.) Na channels closes fast 4.) K channels open 5.) K close slowly, hence hyperpolarization. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Drugs (procaine (Novocaine®) and lidocaine (Xylocaine®) block voltage gated Na channels. and puffer fish poison |
|
|
Term
| absolute refractory period |
|
Definition
| during the action potential, a second stimulus, no matter how strong, will not produce a second action potential . |
|
|
Term
| relative refractory period |
|
Definition
| a strong enough signal can trigger another action potential |
|
|
Term
| What cells are AP bidirectional? |
|
Definition
| Skeletal muscles away from soma |
|
|
Term
| Factors of Action potential velocity |
|
Definition
| Axon Diameter(more important) and Myelin stealth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| jumping of signaling down an axon from node of Ranvier to another |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| adds speed, reduces metabolic cost, and saves room the axons can be thinner |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pre/Post synaptic cells linked by gap junctions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pre synaptic releases Neurotransmitter which binds to receptor on post synaptic membrane |
|
|
Term
| Steps of chemical release |
|
Definition
| 1.) AP reaches terminal 2.) Voltage gated Ca channels open 3.)Ca enters 4.)Triggers SNARE complex and releases neurotransmitter into synaptic cleft 5.) Neurotransmitter binds to receptor 6.) NT removed from cleft |
|
|
Term
| Removal of Neurotransmitters |
|
Definition
| Diffusion, Degradation, and Re uptake or remove receptors. |
|
|
Term
| Activating Post synaptic Cell |
|
Definition
EPSP-excitatory brings cell potential closer to threshold
IPSP-inhibitory brings cell potential father from threshold |
|
|
Term
| Temporal/Spatial Summation |
|
Definition
| Temporal is same time response Spatial is spaced out enough for each response to be separate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Shut off receptors When NT is released it binds to post synaptic receptors and auto |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Adrenergic, Excitatory for Heart/kidneys/A tissue increases heart rate and renin release |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Adrenergic, Lungs/Blood Vessels/Skeletal muscles inhibitory,Greater affinity for epinephrine than for norepinephrine causes relaxation of bronchi |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Adrenergic, Adipose tissue, lipolysis in fat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Adrenergic, stimulatory, blood vessels towards skin. glands... cause vasoconstriction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Adrenergic, inhibits release of NE axon terminals, pancreas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| CNS/Brain stem, emotions, sleep, vommiting |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| CNS hypothalamus, paracrine actions, PNS allergic reactions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 50% of excitatory, Metabotropic(g coupled) Ionotropic (AMPA receptors ,NMDA receptors ) Mg blocking Ca channels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| major inhibitory, binds to metabotropic receptors and ionotropic which release Cl and hyperpolarize. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inhibits interneurons, binds ionotropic which release Cl into nerve. maintains balance in spinal cord |
|
|
Term
| Endogenous opioids are what kind of NT |
|
Definition
| Neuropeptides (Enkephalins,Endorphins, Morphine and codeine ) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| induces Pain sensation, released be afferent neurons towards Brian Stem |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| output cells in the cortex. axons to CNS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inward signals to cortex, PNS to CNS |
|
|
Term
| Clostridium tetani (tetanus toxin) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Clostridium botulinum bacilli toxin (botulism), |
|
Definition
| interfers with actions of SNARE proteins at excitatory synapses that activate muscles, botulism is characterized by muscle paralysis. Used as BOTOX to stop hyper muscle contraction, reducing wrinkles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Dopamine, Norepinephrine, Epinephrine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Adenosine typically neuromodulators, ATP is present in all pre synaptic vesicles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Long term effects, transcription factors and enzyme synthesis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| PNS/CNS,cholinergic receptors acetylcholinesterase degrades(AchE), choline acetyl transferase produces(CAT) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ach receptor, G coupled. All para, some sympathic inhibition of cardiac muscles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ach receptor, ion channels, junction to skeletal muscles ganglionic neurons in autonomic system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ach receptor disease, lose of cholinergic neurons |
|
|
Term
| what NT is Tyrosine made into? |
|
Definition
Dopamine
Norepinephrine
Epinephrine |
|
|
Term
| What NT is made from tryptophan? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What NT is made out of Histidine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What degrades biogenic neurotransmitter? |
|
Definition
Monoamine oxidase (MAO)
Catechol-o-methyltransferase |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| loss of Dopamine releasing neurons in the substantia nigra, Treated with L-Dopa (not a cure) |
|
|
Term
| Adrenergic receptor (general) |
|
Definition
| G protein coupled that are generally linked to second messenger signal transduction pathways |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nicotinic Ach receptors in CNS, Stimulate sympathetic effects EX nicotine |
|
|
Term
| Acteylcholineesterase inhibitors |
|
Definition
| Binds to AchE stopping degradation, Prolongs Ach effect EX Neostigmine (Myasthenia Gravis), Sarin(Warefare) |
|
|
Term
| Parasympathomimetic agents |
|
Definition
| Muscarinic Ach Receptors,mimics Ach, EX Pilocarpine (Glaucoma opens Aqueous humor pores) Bethanechol (Increased bladder contraction) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Adrenergic receptors, Excites sympathic by increasing NE and binding EX Albuterol (Asthma, dilates bronchi by binding to Beta 2) and Phenylphrine (Colds, nasal congestion binds to Alpha 1 receptors) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Adrenergic receptors, Blocks NE and binding EX Propanolol (Hypertension, Beta blockers, lower heart rate and decrease blood pressure) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Step 1. presynaptic neuron fires action potentials
Step 2. glutamate is released from presynaptic terminals
Step 3. Glutamate binds to both AMPA and NMDA receptors
on postsynaptic membranes.
Step 4. Depolarizing EPSP of the postsynaptic cell mediated
via AMPA channels (Na+).
Step 5. The depolarization through the AMPA channels allows the magnesium ion blocking the NMDA channels to move and activate the channel. NMDA-receptor channels mediate a substantial Ca2+ flux.
Step 6. Calcium enters the cell.
Step 7. Calcium ions activate second-messenger cascade in the postsynaptic cell that includes persistent activation of two different protein kinases, and which increases the sensitivity of the postsynaptic neuron to glutamate.
Step 8. This second-messenger system can also activate long-term enhancement of presynaptic glutamate release via a retrograde signals that have not yet been identified. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Related to exictotoxicity, once one cell break its a waterfall effect in the neurons. Typical to strokes. |
|
|
Term
| Ethanol effect on Nervous system |
|
Definition
| activates GABA synthesis which in turn hyperpolarizes cells, making the less effective |
|
|
Term
| Parts of Central Nervous System |
|
Definition
| Brain stem and Spinal cord. |
|
|
Term
| Parts of Peripheral nervous system |
|
Definition
Afferent (Somatic, Visceral, and Special Sensory)
Efferent (Somatic and Autonomic Motor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Midbrain, Pons, Medulla Oblongata |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cerebrum and diencephalon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Frontal, Parietal, Occipital, Temporal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| central core of forebrain, contains thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| right and left cerebral cortex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| are heterogeneous groups of gray matter that lie deep within the cerebral hemispheres. Predominant among them are the basal nuclei, which play an important role in controlling movement and posture and in more complex aspects of behavior. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| gap from right and left side of the brain, massive bundle of nerve fibers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sinuous ridges of the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| afferent integration is turned into meaningful perceptual images |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| focusing attention,synaptic relay stations and important integrating centers for most inputs to the cortex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Behaviors having to do with preservation of the individual, preservation of the species, connected to pituitary gland |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| includes the pineal gland, which has a role in regulating biological rhythms, |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| learning, emotional experience and behavior, and a wide variety of visceral and endocrine functions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Although the cerebellum’s function is almost exclusively motor, it is implicated in some forms of learning. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| essential for life, motor functions, cardiovascular and respiratory control, and the mechanisms that regulate sleep and wakefulness and that focus attention |
|
|
Term
| how many cranial nerves are in the Brain stem |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| afferent, carries information from nose to brain, not a true nerve |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| afferent, carries info from eyes not a true nerve |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| both, controls eye lids and motion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Both, moves eyeballs downward and laterally |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| both, skeletal chewing muscles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| both, moves eyeball laterally |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| both, innervates facial muscles transmits taste |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| afferent, info from inside of the ear |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| both innervates shallowing and transmits taste and auditory receptors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Both, innervates glands, larynx and pharynx also acts on abdomen outside of CNS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Efferent, innervates neck skeletal muscles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| efferent, innervates skeletal muscles of the tongue |
|
|
Term
| Where are the 43 PNS nerves |
|
Definition
| 12 cranial, 12 thoracic, 8 cervical, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, 1 coccygeal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| control the muscles and glands and receive sensory input from the neck, shoulders, arms, and hands. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| with the chest and upper abdomen. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| associated with the lower abdomen, hips, and legs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ssociated with the genitals and lower digestive tract. |
|
|
Term
| coccygeal nerve does what |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| difference between cranial and spinal nerves |
|
Definition
| spinal are both E/A cranial are either A or E |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| clings to the brain and contains a network of blood vessels. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the meninges |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| it is secreted by ependymal cells of the choroid plexus. It circulates through the subarachnoid space and ventricles and is reabsorbed by arachnoid villi. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lose of blood flow, clots can be broken up by TPA. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| where the blood vessel has ruptured. The best treatment that we have available is to try to cauterize the vessel (if we can get to it) and to alleviate the pressure on the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| although often classified as a subdivision of the autonomic efferent nervous system, it, also includes sensory neurons and interneurons. |
|
|
Term
| Where does the sympathetic fibers come from |
|
Definition
| thoracic and lumbar regions |
|
|
Term
| Where does the parasympathetic fibers come from |
|
Definition
| brain stem and sacral region |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| short pre ganglionic long post. uses Ach at the pre and post is with NE/ER "fight or flight" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| long pre ganglionic short post, Ach used at both. "rest and digest" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nonadrenergic and noncholinergic. |
|
|
Term
| Autonomic Neuroeffector Junctions |
|
Definition
NT stored in axon swelling
(Varicosities) |
|
|
Term
| referred pain consists of.... |
|
Definition
| visceral pain being perceived as somatic. EX heart attack |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
One neuron between CNS and effector organ Motor neuron Effector organ = skeletal muscle Voluntary control
Neurotransmitter = acetylcholine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| motor neuron plus skeletal muscle 1 motor=many fibers 1 fiber=1 neuron |
|
|
Term
| Anatomy of the neuromuscular junction |
|
Definition
Terminal bouton = axon terminal
Motor end plate = specialized muscle membrane at junction
all use Ach, receptors are N-ACh |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| action potential on neuromuscular junctions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| autoimmune disease,antibodies against Ach receptors and impairs the ability to stimulate a contraction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| plant toxin blocks nicotinic cholingeric receptors used to dilate organs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are special somatic sensors |
|
Definition
| taste, smell, vision hearing equilibrium |
|
|
Term
| what are the somatic sensations |
|
Definition
Somesthetic (sensation of touch from receptors in skin)
Proprioception |
|
|
Term
| Types of sensor receptors |
|
Definition
| photo, chemo, thermo ,and mechanoreceptors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Types of adapting receptors |
|
Definition
| slow (tonic) and rapid (phasic) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pathway of sensory detection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pressure, temperature, pain, and body position |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Mechanoreceptor, detected by hair follicle receptors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Free nerve ending of mechanoreceptors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Mechanoreceptors by Merkel discs and ruffini endings |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mechanoreceptors through Pacinian and Meissner corpuscles |
|
|
Term
| Increase or decrease of body temp triggers |
|
Definition
| Thermoreceptors warm and cold. |
|
|
Term
| intense mechanical stimulus is detected by |
|
Definition
| nociceptor, mechanical free nerve endings |
|
|
Term
| intense hot or cold stimulus is detected by |
|
Definition
| nociceptor, thermal free endings |
|
|
Term
| intense thermal or mechanical, or chemical signals is detected by |
|
Definition
| nociceptor, polymodal free nerve endings |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| all free nerve ending, PAIN, A delta and C fiber |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A delta, sharp pricking well localized |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| C fibers, dull aching, poorly localized |
|
|
Term
| Potassium Histamine Prostaglandins Bradykinin Serotonin Substance P are examples of.... |
|
Definition
| chemical signals for nociceptors |
|
|
Term
| Endogenous Analgesia Systems |
|
Definition
| cover up real pain when the body needs to survive binds to secondary neurons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| super sensitive to pain, increased by cytokines |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pain stemming from lost limbs, treated with anti inflammatory drugs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Outermost (Sclera and cornea)
Middle (Choroid, ciliary body, and iris)
Inner (Retina) |
|
|
Term
| Path to optic disk (5 steps) |
|
Definition
| Cornea, aqueous humor, pupil, lens, vitreous humor, optic disk |
|
|
Term
| increasing lens curvature results in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lens curvature is controlled by |
|
Definition
| parasympathetic control, which relaxes Ciliary muscle and loosens zonular fibers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| discoloration of the lens |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| increased volume in aqueous humor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| irregularities in lens or cornea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the two muscles that control the amount of light that enter the eye? |
|
Definition
| inner circular muscle (constrictor) parasympathethic and outer radial muscle (dilator) sympathetic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| three layers: outer-photoreceptors middle-bipolar cells inner-ganglion cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| always excitatory always nicotinic receptors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| past all cells, comes back to hit rods/cones, bipolar cells, ganglion cells to CN II |
|
|
Term
| Differences between cones and rods |
|
Definition
| rods-white/black opsins, one photopigment sensitive to light cones-color opsins, 3 photopigments |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| G-coupled to Transducin, transmembrane protein |
|
|
Term
| What is present more in Fovea cones or rods |
|
Definition
| cones, rods are on peripheral area |
|
|
Term
| Adaptation to small light changes consist of what |
|
Definition
| pupil dilation/contraction |
|
|
Term
| Adaptation to large changes in light cause what |
|
Definition
| change in photopigment, bleaches rods (opsin is separated from retinal) max. light absorbed |
|
|
Term
| What part of retina is the AP first created? |
|
Definition
| ganglion cells, CN II (optic nerve) |
|
|
Term
| What is the anatomy of the ear? |
|
Definition
Outer- Pinna and External auditory meatus
Middle-Tympanic membrane Ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes)
Oval window, Round window
Inner- Cochlea and Vestibular apparatus
Eustachian tube |
|
|
Term
| What is the objective of middle ear? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the objective of the inner ear? |
|
Definition
| Trans duce mechanical sound wave to action potential |
|
|
Term
| What are the fluids in the cochlea? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is unique about the fluid in the cochlea? |
|
Definition
| high concentration of Potasstium |
|
|
Term
| How does the sound receptor work? |
|
Definition
| liquid wave brushes stereocilia, aligned short to tall. mechanical gated channels open when tall hairs move(depolarize), close when short hairs move(hyper) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| intensity (loudness), frequency (pitch) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| defect in outer/middle ear typically ear drum or M-I-S |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bad transduction from wave to AP |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| damage in the neural pathway from receptor-auditory cortex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| overgrowth in ossicles, results in conductive deafness, treated by surgery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| middle ear infections, bacteria coming up from Eustachian tube |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| clicking or ringing in ear, sign of cochlear degeneration. aspirin side effect |
|
|
Term
| What are the three part of the Vestibular |
|
Definition
| Semicircular canals, utricle and saccule |
|
|
Term
| Vestibulocochlear Nerve contains what two inputs? |
|
Definition
Vestibular nerve for equilibrium
Cochlear nerve for hearing |
|
|
Term
| What cell part is unique to semicircular canals? |
|
Definition
| kinocilium. (reaches up towards otoliths) |
|
|
Term
| What is unique about Carnial nerve I? |
|
Definition
| olfactory, turn over during life time, not amitotic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cilia recruit chemosignals and send signals through certain pathways. |
|
|
Term
| What are the 5 pure tastes? |
|
Definition
| Sour, sweet, bitter, salty ,umami |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| signal-gluatamate, aspramate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| triggered by H+ which binds to K+ channels depolarizing cell to release Ca channels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| triggered by Na+ which depolarizes cell to release Ca channels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| binds to g coupled receptor (gustducin) which cascades to blocking K+ channels, , depolarizing and triggering Ca channels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| either blocks K+ channels. or binds to receptor, g coupled (transducin)releasing Ca from ER |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pattern, perception, smell |
|
|
Term
| Which taste sends the most.least AP per signal |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
terminates in brainstem, CN VII, IX, X
second neuron makes it to thalamus, thrid gustatory cortex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| receptor cell-into glomeruli- mitral cell-olfactory tract- relayed from olfactory tubercle to cerebral cortex |
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Term
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Definition
| odorant binds, triggering G protein OLF. which creates cAMP that binds to NA or K channels, triggering Action potential |
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Term
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Definition
| binds to nicotinic receptors, causes sympathetic system |
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Term
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Definition
| treats Glaucoma, mimics Ach and parasympathetic system in PNS, binds nitotinic receptors |
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Term
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Definition
| increases bladder contraction, parasympathomimetic agent binds to muscarinic receptors |
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Term
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Definition
| Treats Myasthenia Gravis , acteylcholinesterase inhibitor, prolongs Ach effects |
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Term
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Definition
| acteylcholinesterase inhibitor, used in warfare |
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Term
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Definition
| treats asthma, sympathomimetic agent, dilates bronchi by blocking Beta-2 receptors |
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Term
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Definition
| treats colds, nasal congestion binds to alpha-1, |
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Term
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Definition
| Sympatholytic agent, decreases sympathetic system treats Hypertension by Beta blockers |
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Term
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Definition
| actions through Alpha-1 Symp-contracts radial muscle Parasymp-contracts circular muscle |
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Term
| ANS effects on ciliary muscle? |
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Definition
| Beta-1 receptors Para-Contracts muscles flatting the lens |
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Term
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Definition
| Beta 1 and 2 symp-increases heart rate, contractility, and velocity PAra-opposite |
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Term
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Definition
| symp- acts on alpha 1,2 =contraction Beta-2 dilation |
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Term
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Definition
| Beta-2 receptor symp-contraction PARA-dilation |
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Term
| ANS effects on fat cells? |
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Definition
| alpha/beta 2 symp-increase fat breakdown |
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Term
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Definition
| Beta-1 symp-increase renin secretion |
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Term
| ANS effects on bladder wall? |
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Definition
| Beta-2 symp-contracts Para-dilates |
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Term
| ANS effects on sphincter? |
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Definition
| alpha-1 symp-contracts para-dilates |
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