Term
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Definition
| encompasses all organization information, and its primary purpose is to support the performing of managerial analysis tasks (i.e. trends, sales, product statistics) |
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| means immediate, up-to-date information |
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| provide real-time information in response to query requests |
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| Transactional Information |
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Definition
| encompasses all of the information contained within a single business process or unit of work, and its primary purpose is to support the performing of daily operational tasks (i.e. withdrawing cash from an ATM, making an airline reservation) |
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Definition
| maintains information about various types of objects (inventory), events (transactions), people (employees), and places (warehouses) |
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Term
| Relational Database Model |
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Definition
| a type of database that stores information in the form of logically related two-dimensional tables |
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| Hierarchical Database Model |
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Definition
| information is organized into a tree-like structure that allows repeating information using parent/child relationships in such a way that it cannot have too many relationships |
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| a flexible way of representing objects and their relationships |
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| a person, place, thing, transaction, or event about which information is stored |
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| are characteristics or properties of an entity class--also called columns |
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Definition
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| is a field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given entity in a table |
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| in the relationship database model is a primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table and acts to provide a logical relationship between the two tables |
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| in the relationship database model is a primary that is made up with two or more fields |
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Definition
| refers to how well a system can adapt to increased demands |
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| measures how quickly a system performs a certain process or transaction |
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Term
| Database Management System (DBMS) |
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Definition
| is software through which users and application programs interact with a database--two primary ways: (1)Directly (2)Indirectly |
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Term
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Definition
| an interactive website kept constantly updated and relevant to the needs of its customers through the use of a database |
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Definition
| allows separate systems to communicate directly with each other |
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Definition
| takes information entered into a given system and sends it automatically to all downstream systems and processes |
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Definition
| takes information entered into a given system and sends it automatically to all upstream systems and processes |
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Definition
| is a logical collection of information--gathered from many different operational databases--that supports business analysis activities and decision-making tasks |
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Definition
| contains a subset of data warehouse information |
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Term
| Extraction, Transformation, and Loading (ETL) |
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Definition
| a process that extracts information from internal and external databases, transforms the information using a common set of enterprise definitions, and loads the information into a data warehouse |
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Term
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Definition
| is the common term for the representation of multidimensional information |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of analyzing data to extract information not offered by the raw data alone |
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Definition
| use a variety of techniques to find patterns and relationships in large volumes of information and infer rules from them that predict future behavior and guide decision making (i.e. query tools, reporting tools, statistical tools) |
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Term
| Information Cleansing or Scrubbing |
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Definition
| a process that weeds out and fixes or discards inconsistent, incorrect, or incomplete information |
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| Business Intelligence (BI) |
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Definition
| refers to applications and technologies that are used to gather, provide access to, and analyze data and information to support decision-making efforts |
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Term
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Definition
| the conducting of business on the internet, not only buying and selling, but also serving customers and collaborating with business partners |
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| Online Transaction Processing (OLTP) |
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Definition
| is the capturing of transaction and event information using technology to (1)process the information according to defined business rules, (2)store the information, and (3)update existing information to reflect the new information |
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Term
| Transaction Processing System (TPS) |
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Definition
| the basic business system that serves the operational level (analysts) in an organization |
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| Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) |
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Definition
| the manipulation of information to create business intelligence in support of strategic decision making |
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| Decision Support System (DSS) |
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Definition
| models information to support managers and business professionals during the decision-making process--typically contains data from internal sources |
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Term
| 3 Quantitative DSS Analysis Models |
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Definition
(1)Sensitivity Analysis
(2)What-if Analysis
(3)Goal-seeking Analysis |
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Term
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Definition
| checks the impact of a change in an assumption on the proposed solution (ex. What will happen to the supply chain if a hurricane in S.C. reduces holding inventory from 30% to 10%?) |
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Definition
| finds the inputs necessary to achieve a goal such as a desired level of output (ex. How many customers are required to purchase our new product line to increase gross profits to $5 million?) |
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| Executive Information System (EIS) |
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Definition
| is a specialized DSS that supports senior-level executives within the organization--typically contains data from external sources |
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Definition
| a capability offered by most EIS's that enables users to get details, and details of details, of information |
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Definition
| a capability offered by most EIS's that is the ability to look at information from different perspectives |
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Definition
| a capability offered by most EIS's that involves the aggregation of information and features simple roll-ups to complex groupings of interrelated information |
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Term
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Definition
| integrates information from multiple components and tailors the information to individual preferences |
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Term
| Artificial Intelligence (AI) |
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Definition
| simulates human intelligence such as the ability to reason and learn |
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Term
| 4 Categories of AI Systems |
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Definition
| (1)Expert Systems (2)Neural Networks (3)Genetic Algorithms (4)Intelligent Agents |
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Definition
| a category of AI that are computerized advisory programs that imitate the reasoning processes of experts in solving difficult problems--most commonly used form |
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Definition
| a category of AI that attempts to emulate the way the human brain works--most common types involve pattern or image recognition |
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Definition
| is a mathematical method of handling imprecise or subjective information |
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Definition
| is a category of AI that mimics the evolutionary, survival-of-the-fittest process to generate increasingly better solutions to a problem--it finds the combination of inputs to yield the best outputs |
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Definition
| a category of AI that is a special-purpose knowledge-based information system that accomplishes specific tasks on behalf of its users |
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Definition
| is software that will search several retailer websites and provide a comparison of each retailer's offerings--one of the simplest examples of an intelligent agent |
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Term
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Definition
| consists of all parties involved, directly or indirectly, in the procurement of a product or raw material |
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Term
| Supply Chain Management (SCM) |
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Definition
| managing information flows within the supply chain to maximize total supply chain effectiveness and profitability |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when distorted product demand information passes from one entity to the next throughout the supple chain |
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Term
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Definition
(1)Supply Chain Planning (SCP) software
(2)Supply Chain Execution (SCE) software |
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| Supply Chain Planning (SCP) |
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Definition
| uses advanced mathematical algorithms to improve the flow and efficiency of the supply chain while reducing inventory |
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| Supply Chain Execution (SCE) |
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Definition
| automates the different steps and stages of the supply chain |
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Term
| 2 Primary Components of a CRM Strategy |
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Definition
(1)Operational CRM
(2)Analytical CRM
**the difference is the direct interaction between the organizational and its customers |
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Term
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Definition
| supports traditional transactional processing for day-to-day front-office operations or systems that deal directly with the customers |
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Term
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Definition
| supports back-office operations and strategic analysis and includes all systems that do not deal directly with the customers |
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| Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) |
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Definition
| integrating all departments and functions throughout an organization into a single IT system so that managers and leaders can make enterprisewide decisions on all business operations |
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| Customer Relationship Management (CRM) |
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Definition
| managing all aspects of customers' relationships with an organization to increase customer loyalty and retention and an organization's profitability |
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Term
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Definition
| are several different types of software that sit in the middle of and provide connectivity between two or more software applications--translates information between disparate systems |
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Term
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Definition
| is the set of processes that plans for and controls the efficient and effective transportation and storage of supplies from suppliers to customers |
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