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Definition
| Study of how drugs affect the nervous system and behavior |
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Definition
| Substance that acts to alter mood, thought, or behavior and is used to manage neuropsychological illness |
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Definition
| Substance that enhances the function of a synapse |
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Definition
| substance that blocks teh function of a synapse |
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Definition
| Drug that produces sedation and sleep |
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Definition
| Drug that reduces anxiety; miinor traquillizers such as benzodiazepines and sedative-hypnotic agents are of this type |
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Term
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Definition
| Lessening of response to a drug over time |
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Definition
| response toa novel druge is reduced because of tolerance developed in response to a related drug |
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Definition
| Pattern of physical malformation and mental retardaton observed n some children born of alcoholic mothers |
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Definition
| Drug that blocks the D2 receptor; used mainly for treating schizophrenia |
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Term
| Sopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia |
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Definition
| Proposal that schizophrenic sypmtoms are due to excess activity of the neurotransmitter dopamine |
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Term
| Monoamine oxidase inhibitor |
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Definition
| Antidepressant drug that blocks the enzyme monoamine oxidase from degrading neurotransmitters such as dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin |
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Term
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Definition
| First generation antidepressant drug with a chemical structure characterized by three rings that blocks serotonin reuptake transporter proteins |
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Term
| Second generation antidepressent |
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Definition
| Drug whose action is similar to tricyclics but more sective in its action on the serotonin reuptake transporter proteins; also called atypical antidepressant |
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Term
| Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor |
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Definition
| Tricyclic antidepressant drug that blocks the reuptake of serotonin into the presynaptic terminal |
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Definition
| Drug like morphine, with sleep-inducing and pain-relieving properties |
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Term
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Definition
| Peptide hormone that acts as a neurotransmitter and may be associated with feelings of pain or pleasure; mimicked by opioid drugs such as morphine, heroin, opium and codeine |
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Definition
| Drug that releases the neurotransmitter dopamine into its synapse and, like cocaine, blocks dopamine reuptake |
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Definition
| drug that can alter sensation and perception; lysergic acid dielthlymide, mescalin, and psilocybin are examples |
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Term
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Definition
| Use of a drug for the psychological and behavioral changes that it produces aside from its therapeutic effects |
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Term
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Definition
| Desire fora drug manifestd by frequent use of the drug, leading to the development of physical dependence in addition to abuse; often associated with tolerance and unpleaseant sometimes dagerous, withdrawal symptoms on cessation of drug use. Also called substance dependence |
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Term
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Definition
| Physical and psychological behaviors displayed by an addict when drug use ends |
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Term
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Definition
| increased behavioral and cognitive activity; at certain levels of consumption, the drug user feels energetic and in control |
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Term
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Definition
| Quality acquired by drug cues that become highly desired and sought-after incentives in their own right |
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Term
| Incentive-sensitization theory |
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Definition
| When a drug is associated with certain cues, the cues themselves elicit desire for the drug; also called wanting - and - liking theory |
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Term
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Definition
| Explanation holding that alcohol has a selctive depressant effect on the cortex, the region of the brain that controls judgement, while sparing subcortical structures responsible for more primitive instincts, such as desire |
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Term
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Definition
| "Nearsighted" behavior displayed under the influence of alcohol: local and immediate cues become prominent and remote cues and consequences are ignored |
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Term
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Definition
| One of a group of steroid hormones, such as cortisol, secreted in times of stress; important in protein and carbohydrate metabolism |
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Term
| Posttraumatic stress disorder |
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Definition
| Syndrome characterized by physiological arousal symptoms related to recurring memories and dreams related to a traumatic event-for months or years after the event |
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