Term
| What kind of intestinal dz does enterotoxgenic E. coli (ETEC) cause? How does this happen? |
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Definition
-secretory small bowel diarrhea
-colonization by bacteria and enterotoxin pdn causes dz |
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Term
| Which animals are most commonly affected by enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC)? |
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Definition
| -neonates (2d-3w) of many spp |
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Term
| What kind ofintestinal dz does enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) cause? How does this happen? |
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Definition
-attaching and effacing E. coli causes enterocyte loss => villous atrophy = malabsorption
-concurrent infections with rotavirus, coronavirus, ETEC, cryptosporidium may be important |
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Term
| Which animals are most commonly affected by septicemic colibacillosis (enteroinvasive colibacillosis = EIEC)? |
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Definition
| -newborn calves, lambs, ad foals with failure of passive transfer |
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Term
| What lesions do we see due to septicemic colibacillosis (enteroinvasive colibacillosis = EIEC)? |
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Definition
-lesions that indicate septicemia: fibrin in joints, serosal cavities, meninges and eyes
-enteritis possible w/ intestinal infectoin but speticemia is most common |
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Term
| What occurs and to whom at the hands due to enterohemorrhagic colibacillosis (EHEC)? |
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Definition
| -fibrinohemorrhagic enteroclitis in calves <4w old |
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Term
| What lesions do we see due to enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC)? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| What clinical signs do we see due to enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC)? |
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Definition
| -voluminous yellow to white, watery to pastey diarrhea and dehydration |
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Term
| What lesions do we see with enterohemorrhagic colibacillosis (EHEC)? |
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Definition
-red mucosa in spiral colon and rectum w/ mucus, necrotic debris and blood-tinged, fluid colinc contents
-ileum and cecum less commonly affected |
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Term
| What organism is responsible for Johne's dz? |
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Definition
| -Mycobacterium avium ssp paratuberculosis |
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Term
| What age range of cattle is most commonly affected by Johne's dz? When do they develop clinical signs? |
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Definition
-cattle < 30d
-do not develop clinical dz until 2-5y of age |
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Term
| What are the clinical signs of Johne's dz? |
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Definition
| -profuse, efortless, and intractible diarrhea w/ progressive emaciation |
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Term
| What lesions do we see with Johne's dz? |
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Definition
-thickening and corrugation of ileum, cecum, and possibly colon w/ enlargement of mesenteric LN and possible lymphangitis
-transmural granulomatous enteritis and lymphadenitis
-acid-fast bacteria w/in macrophages |
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Term
| What clinical signs do we see in sheep and goats with Johne's dz? What lesions do we see? |
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Definition
-chronic wasting, usually w/out diarrhea
-same lesions as in cattle |
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Term
| What ais Rhodococcus equi? What does it cause? |
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Definition
-intracellular bacteria
-bronchopneumonia in foals |
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Term
| If R. equi causes bronchopneumonia in foals, how does it affect the intestine? |
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Definition
| -swallowed resp exudate => ulcerative colitis |
|
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Term
| What lesions do we see with intestinal infection w/ R. equi? |
|
Definition
-irregular raised coloic ulcers covered by necrotic or purulent debris
-mesenteric LN enlargement
-msot severe over Peyer's patches and intestinal lymphoid follicles |
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Term
| When and where does Potomac horse fever most commonly occur? |
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Definition
-summer
-river valleys of NE US |
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Term
| What organism is the cause of Potomac horse fever? HOw is it acquired? |
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Definition
-Neorickettsia risticii
-ingestion of insects that contain this bug |
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Term
| What lesions result from Potomac horse fever? |
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Definition
| -hyperemia, ulcers and hemorrhage of colonic/cecal mucosa |
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Term
| How do we diagnose Potomac horse fever? |
|
Definition
-dx by ID of organism in silver-stained sections of colon
-PCR for N. risticii in feces is more sensitive and specific |
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Term
| Where are dogs most affected by Neorickettsia helminthoeca (salmon poisoning)? How do they get infected? |
|
Definition
-pacific NW
-dog eats fish infected w/ flukes that contain the rickettsial organism |
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Term
| What are the clinical signs of salmon poisoning? |
|
Definition
-severe diarrhea, vomiting, anorexia, fever and lymphadenopathy
-fatal w/out treatment |
|
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Term
| What lesions do we see with salmon poisoning dz? |
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Definition
| -hemorrhagic and franulomatous enterocolitis w/ GALT hemorrhage and necrosis, especially in ileocecal region |
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Term
| What are the other names for histiocytic ulcerative colitis? |
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Definition
-Boxer colitis
-granulomatous colitis |
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Term
| Which animals are most commonly affected by histiocytic ulcerative colitis? |
|
Definition
-Boxer dogs and related French bulldogs
-typically <2y |
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Term
| What lesions do we see as a result of histiocytic ulcerative colitis? |
|
Definition
-chronic transmural colitis w/ mucosal ulceration
-thickened and folded colonic mucosa w/ ulcers
-macrophages containing PAS positive granules and bacteria |
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Term
| What clinical signs do we see due to histiocytic ulcerative colitis? |
|
Definition
-soft feces +/- mucus and blood or large bowel diarrhea
-wt loss possible |
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Term
| What is histoplasma capsulatum? |
|
Definition
-dimorphic fungus
-endemic in Mississippi and Ohio river valleys |
|
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Term
| What are the clinical signs we see with intestinal histoplasmosis? |
|
Definition
| -wt loss, lymphadenopathy, and diarrhea, tenesmus and blood possible |
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Term
| What lesions do we see with intestinal histoplasmosis? |
|
Definition
| -SI and LI w/ thickening of mucosa w/ ulceration and mesenteric LN enlargement |
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Term
| What is Pythium insidiosum? |
|
Definition
-aquatic oomycete that infects dogs most commonly
-also horses |
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Term
| What lesions do w see w/ Pythium insidiosum? |
|
Definition
-segmental thickening (granulomatous inflammation) and ulceration of GI tract (pylorus and SI)
-caseous yello foci of necrosis in fibrotic, thickened intestinal wall |
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Term
| How do we dx Pythium insidiosum? |
|
Definition
| -hyphae are visible in specimen stained w/ silver stianes |
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