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| jesus died around this time |
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| jesus was born around these dates |
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| perpetual and felicitas sentences to face animals in carthage |
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| Decius brought forth an empire wide proclamation that everyone must sacrifice to the roman gods |
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| valerian- second great persecution of the christians |
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| diocletian forces christan leaders to sacrifce to roman gods |
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| emperor constantine won battle at melvian bridge |
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| edict of milan legalized christianity |
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| Valens allowed visigoths to settle in the roman empire |
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| valens brings an army of 40,000 against 10,000 visigoths and loses |
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| Pope Damisus published a list of canonized books |
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| visigoths begin pushing further into the roman empire |
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| visigoths lay seige to rome |
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| visigoths lay seige to rome again and win |
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| gothic migration westward picks up steam |
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| last western roman emperor fell romulus augustulus |
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| odoacer finally captured; killed by theodoric himself and ruled italian peninsula, an ostrogothic kingdom. |
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| clovis chooses christianity as religion in france, trinitarianism |
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| gothic wars after theodoric's death. it all fell apart... justinian of east attempted to reincorpoarate the west for 17 years. |
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| heir to frankish king dies, death is blamed on witchcraft |
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| gregory is elected bishop of rome |
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| gregory pays of the lombards and gets to leave rome |
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| Moslems take control of Jerusalem |
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| king pippin agrees to help pope stephen III against the lombards |
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| carloman dies, making the surviving charlemagne sole ruler |
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| charlemagne marched northeast to subdue the saxons |
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| lombards invade northern italian peninsula |
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| lombards invade northern peninsula |
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| Charlemagne returns to fight the saxons and forces them to convert |
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| Saxons rose up against the rule of Charlemagne and against the churches intended to christanize them. Charlemange beheads 4500 in one day |
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| Charlemagne battles the avars, wiping them out |
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| leo III is physically attacked by opponents |
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| Charlemange orders the execution of leo's attackers |
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| christmas day: charlemagne becomes the imperator romanorum and charles the augustulus |
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| europe was home to 20 cathedral schools |
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| less than 1 % of the total population of europe could read |
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| Gregory VII dethrones henry IV and excommunicates him |
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| henry IV goes to gregory VII and pleads to be reinstated within the church. eventually pope allows him back with an audience |
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| Gregory VII dethrones Henry IV and excommunicates him |
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| Henry IV goes to gregory VII and pleads to be reinstated in the church... eventually allows him back in |
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| universitas in bologna is founded by students |
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| universitas in bologna is founded by students |
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| pope urban delivered sermon |
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| Pope Urban II delivered sermon; " it will be the will of god" |
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| 1200 jews sought refuge and commited a ritual suicide |
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| massacre at Ma'arrat al Numan;when crusaders arrived, they stormed the town, killing everyone. Men, women, children, Christian, Moslem. Upon killing them they boiled, roasted, and ate their flesh. |
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| christians stormed jerusalem and captured it |
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| europe was home to more than 200 cathedral schools |
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| Sic et Non is published by peter abelard |
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| university of paris is founded by teachers |
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| pope innocent III called for a crusade against cathar christian heretics in southern france |
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| first papal jubilee year- migration to rome by catholics by Boniface VIII |
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| boniface VIII had been charged by philip IV with simony, fornification, demonic possession, illegally deposing of the previous pope and denying the eucharist |
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| record rainfalls followed by cold wet winters |
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| a nest of yersinia pestis bearing flews infested travelers |
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| edward III invaded france beginning the 100 years war ( actually 116 years) |
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| mobs kills 2000 jews in straussburg |
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| 1/3- 1/2 of the population of europe had died of plague |
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| cardinals returned to avignon and elected clement VII |
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| england held over half the french kingdom, including paris |
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| rome fell to the empire of the turkish empire |
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| kramer and sprenger set out to gather existing information about witches |
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| only the bible outsold the malleus malleficarum |
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| there were now more than 100 univerisities |
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| modern italy, germany, france,england,netherlands literacy had risen to 10% |
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| 13 volumes containing 52 distinct early christian texts found. previously unknown gospels |
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| 850 dead sea scrolls found in the caves of qumran |
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