Term
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Definition
| tough membraneous sac that encloses the heart |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| sinoatrial node (SA node) |
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Definition
| group of specialized cardiac muscle fibers located in the upper posterior wall of the right artria |
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Term
| atriovenricular (AV) node |
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Definition
| located in the right atrial wall near the center of the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| conducts the electrical impulse from the atria into the ventricles |
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Term
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Definition
| machine that measures electrical impulses in the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| printout from an electrocardiograph |
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Term
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Definition
| terminal branches of the AV bundle that transmit impulses through the ventricles 6x faster than through the rest of the cardiac conduction system |
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Term
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Definition
| RHR lower than 60 beats/minute |
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Term
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Definition
| Bradycardia and tachycardia |
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Term
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Definition
| RHR greater than 100 beats/minute |
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Term
| premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) |
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Definition
| result from impulses originating outside the SA node |
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Term
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Definition
| 3 or more consecutive premature ventricular contractions |
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Term
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Definition
| contraction of the ventricular tissue is uncoordinated |
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Term
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Definition
| includes all the mechanical and electrical events that occur during one heartbeat |
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Term
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Definition
| amount of blood in the ventricles that is ejected |
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Term
| end-diastolic volume (EDV) |
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Definition
| amount of blood in the ventricle at the end of diastole |
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Term
| end-systolic volume (ESV) |
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Definition
| the blood left in the ventricle when its done ejecting |
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Term
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Definition
| fraction of the blood pumped out of the left ventricle in relation to the amount of blood that was in the ventricle before contraction |
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Term
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Definition
| total volume of blood pumped by the ventricle per minute. The product of HR and SV |
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Term
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Definition
| large muscular, elastic, conduit vessels for transporting blood away from the heart to the arterioles |
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Term
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Definition
| the site of greatest control of the circulation by the sympathetic nervous system, are sometimes called resistance vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| the narrowest vessels, with walls only a cell thick and virtually all exchange between the blood and the tissues occurs here |
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Term
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Definition
| attached to the capillaries and forms into larger vessels called veins, begins the trip for the blood back to the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| largest vessels transporting blood back to the heart, specifically the right atrium |
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Term
| systolic blood pressure (SBP) |
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Definition
| represents the highest pressure in the artery that occurs during ventricular systole |
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Term
| diastolic blood pressure (DBP) |
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Definition
| represents the lowest pressure in the artery and corresponds to ventricular diastole when the ventricle is filling |
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Term
| mean arterial pressure (MAP) |
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Definition
| represents the average pressure exerted by the blood as it travels through the arteries |
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Term
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Definition
| when blood vessels get smaller |
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Term
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Definition
| when blood vessels get larger |
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Term
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Definition
| redistribution at the system or body level is controlled by neural mechanisms, the control comes from outside the specific area |
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Term
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Definition
| specialized pressure sensors located in the aortic arch and the carotid arteries, are sensitive to changes in arterial pressure |
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Term
| chemoreceptors/mechanoreceptors |
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Definition
| send information about chemical environmentin the muscle and the length and tension of the muscle to the cardiovascular control centers, can also modify the blood pressure response and are especially important during exercise |
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Term
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Definition
| the percentage of the total blood volume composed of cells or formed elements |
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Term
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Definition
| red blood cells/erythrocytes replaced with new cells on a reoccuring basis |
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Term
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Definition
| in red blood cells/erythrocytes and bounds with oxygen to able to carry it throughout the body |
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