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| 60 BC. Pompey, Crassus and Caesar alliance |
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| 58-52 Caesar conquers most of Gual, gets very wealthy from it |
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| 53 BC Crassus tries to invade Carrhea, his units worn down by horse archers, eventually defeated and murdered. |
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| 48 BC Pompey Vs Caesar civil war. In Greece: Caesar wins again, Pompey flees to Egypt and gets assassinated |
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| 48 BC Pompey assassinated in egypt by friend, whom gets in trouble on it |
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| Siege of Utica/Cato’s Suicide |
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| Very good other than his 'clemency' (forgiving of opponents) hurt their 'dignitas'. Was assasinated for it |
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| 44 BC As a result 60 senators conspired, 21 commited the act of killing Caesar. Marcus Junius Brutus |
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| 44 BC As a result 60 senators conspired, 21 commited the act of killing Caesar. Marcus Junius Brutus |
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| Involved in Caesars assasination |
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| Exploited this opportunity (didn’t take over as dictator) was the only consol. Read his will publicly and found out he wasn’t in it (ouch) |
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| Accepted heir to Caesar; begins spending money and building army. Declares himself consol through force. Then forms triumvirate. |
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| Makes a triumvirate with Octavian and Mark Antony |
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| 43 BC Octavian, Lepidus, and Mark Antony. Made large list of perscriptions and armies for themselves. |
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| 42 BC Triumverate vs Cassius and Brutus. Cassius and Brutus both defeated and commit suicide |
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| 31 BC Octavian vs Antony. Octavian wins. Gets empire |
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| All providences that required an army given to Augustus. The senate heiled him as Augustus |
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| 27-14 BC Succeded by his son tiberius |
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| AD 14-37 Didn’t like politics but intervened when something was going on. Didn't do well |
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37-41 AD Had his family assassinated. Caligula – little boot. Didn’t want the senate to have any power at all
o Ordered a lot of assassinations for treason. Grew ill, became more paranoid. Assassinated by body guard |
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| 41-54 AD Responsible for invading Britain. 4th wife was his niece “little Agrippa”. Had her son (Nero) named heir then killed Claudius |
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| 54-68 AD. Had 2 tutors: chief advisor – Seneca, burrus – head body guardo 64, great roman fire.Pisonian conspiracy – nero killing off political rivals hurting roman literature greatly |
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| 66 AD Vespasia puts it down, second temple destroyed by Titus (his son) |
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| 69 temple destroyed, causes Jewish people to re-examine themselves |
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| 69-79 General under Nero, takes throne after Jewish revolt and civil war. |
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| 79-81 AD. Vespasia's son. Everthing bad that could have happened, did. Vesuvoius erupted in pompei and hercilanium. Contracted plague and died |
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| Titus' brother. 81-96 AD. Very talented administrator. Assassinated in 96 |
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| 96-98 AD Senate adopts or puts their own into emperor. His job was to get a good emperor in |
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| 98-117 AD Invaded Germania. Also famous for invasion into Parthia (Mesopotamia) |
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| Trajan's reign. Had to stop because of Jewish revolts around the empire. Made famous from it |
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| 117-138 AD. First emperor to adopt a beard. Loved greek culture. Sponsors a renaissance of greek culture . First openly gay emperor |
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| 138-161 Legal genius, knew everything about the law. Plague broke out during his reign ¼ of empire died |
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161-180 AD Excellent general
Wrote ‘meditation’ – on stoicism
Very popular book |
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| 180-192. Marcus' Son. Put on a lot of gladiatorial combat. Assassinated in 192, conspiracy with his wife |
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| 193-211 AD Septimus Servus' wife, Crypto Christian, very wise woman. |
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| 211-217 AD Wanted to make every single person a roman citizen. Assasinated in 217 by his guard who was then assassinated short after |
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| 218-222 AD Tried to convince that he was carcalla’s biological son. Was chief priest – saw himself as a god. Married a vestal vergin (not supposed to do that). 222 murdered in the streets |
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| Goths, Visigoths, Ostrogoths, nomads from the north |
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| 133 BC Tiberius Grachus. Elected Tribune of the people (plebean, Land distribution).Finds out that there’s a drop in rual population (This was a miscalculation) |
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| 123-121 BC Gais Grachhus. Elected tribune in 123. Gets elected again for the second time, very uncommon. Offers land legislation like his brother, also offers citizenship to towns |
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| 123-121 BC Gais Grachhus. Elected tribune in 123. Gets elected again for the second time, very uncommon. Offers land legislation like his brother, also offers citizenship to towns |
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| 111-105 BC Numidian War (Jugurtha). First few years Rome is losing. War eventually gets handed over to Metellus. Marius takes army In 107, pushes deep into Numidia. Had a quaester Sulla who gave Rome their general |
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| Hands over Jugurtha in Numidian War. Then elected consul in 88. General of Mithradates war. Makes perscirption lists. |
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| Italian (Social) War (91-88 BC) |
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| Italian nations rise up after not receiving portions of booty from wars of Rome's conquest. |
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| 88 BC Mithradates VI invades rome. Kills all romans/Italians in Asia |
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| Defeats Pirates, and spartan army. Annexes Seleucid empire and Jerusalem. Part of 1st triumverate. |
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| 53 BC Battle of Carrhea gets his butt kicked |
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| Popularates played to popular, optimates to oligarchy. both wealthy |
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| Marcus Cato (the Younger) |
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| Optimate, aligned with cicero to stop catiline conspircies. Also against sulla's corruption of finances |
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