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| English philosopher, biologist, political theorist of the Victorian era; developed the conception of evolution as the progressive development of the physical world, biological organisms, the human minda and the society |
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| English philosopher, political economist; conception of liberty that justified the freedom of the individual; utilitarian; liberal politician |
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| federal Chancellor of Germany; created Reich; effective in foreing politics; extremely important for Germany's unification |
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| French physician born in Vienna; influential psychiatrist; developed the theory of social degeneration through heredity but also addictions; Treatise on degeneration 1857 |
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| construction of Eiffel Tower in 1889 |
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| influential German banking family that established the eponymous financial services firm |
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| German investment banker from Berlin |
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| mining magnate from South Africa; politician; Prime Minister of the Cape Colony |
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| Austrian historian and journalist; fired from university for cirticizing the government; German nationalist |
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| Austrian architect and urban planner; criticized 19th c architecture and urban planning; valued ancient planning |
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| Austrian architect, founder of modern european architectire; outlined the idea of functionalism; necessity as a sole drive in art |
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| Austro-german psychiatrist who wrote Psychopatia Sexualis; procreation as the only reason for sexual drive and intercourse |
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| Hungarian zionist leader; wrote Degeneration against the degenerate art of the century and outcomes of social phenomenona of the period |
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| Scottish physician, known as a pioneer or first aid |
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| British politican of the liberal party; The Condition of England that focused on the working class |
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| introduced new urban psychology and wrote works about crowd psychology; control of French crowds by wrongdoers in 19c; chemical reaction comparison in crowd psychology |
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| sociologist; social phenomenon being composed of content and form |
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| sociologist, who identified two methods of social integration; mechanical thus sentimental; organic thus interdependent |
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| leader of the Austrian Christian Social Party; transformed Vienna into a modern city; anti-semite |
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| Theory of the Leisure Class in 1899 author; American economist and sociologist; work against the conspicuous consumption; luxury goods for public display bad for economy |
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| inventor of the economic wave of sinusoidal shape; 50 years average |
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| invented creative destruction; arising of a new development out of the destruction of the other one |
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| introduced economic tariff in France in 1892; effort of wealthy people; increase profit |
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| American protectionist; introduced tariffs in 1890 to raise the imports to almost 50% in duty amount to protect domestic market |
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| author of paradigm shift; change of the basic assumption in the light of new scientific discoveries |
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| responsible for development of electrodynamics and optics; formulated the electromagnetic theory |
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| American inventor of the light bulb |
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| author of the quantum theory dealing with microscopic level physics |
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| Italian inventor; father of long distance radio transmission; invented telegraph |
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| invented the SI unit of frequenzy; German |
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| Polish chemist; Nobel Prize winner in physics (1903) and chemistry (1911); discovered Uranium, Polonium, Radium |
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| German physician, who discovered action potential; experimental biology |
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| German philosopher; physiologist; physician; scientific materialism |
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| eminent German biologist who discovered and described thousands of species; discovered phylum, protista and ecology |
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| American writer who about the changes in technology and culture in between 1880 1914; The Culture of Time and Space; comprehension of time and space |
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| French anarchist; died in a premature explosion of his attack on the Royal Observatory |
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| German born physicist who developed the theory of relativity and mass energy equivalence; Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 |
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| French mathematician who was a polymath; father of topology; chaos theory |
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| mathematician who developed the geometry of numbers; used geometry to solve problems in number theory like theory of relativity |
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| founder of the International Olympic Committee in 1894; Olympics in 1896 in Athens organized by him |
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| Lieutenant-General in British army and the founder of the scout movement in 1907; Boy Scouts |
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| modern Gutenberg; German; linotype in 1886 |
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| inventor of the imagined communities; the way our social structures are constructed |
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| author of the new woman; British feminist writer and activist; a new ideal of educated woman that should emerge in a male dominated society |
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| French bibliophile, who wrote La Femme a Paris treating about the model of the modern woman |
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| Victor and Paul Margueritte |
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| French novelists born in Algeria who wrote the novel La Femme Nouvelle about the idea of a new woman |
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| French author who wrote Les Vierges Fortes in 1900; focused on women education and suffrage in France |
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| French author who wrote Emancipees which treated about women emancipation |
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| South African author (woman) highly popular for the sotry of an african farm in 1883; discussed agnosticism, existential independence and women's professional aspirations as individuals |
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| French feminist journalist; took over La Fronde, a French feminist magazine which was run entirely by a female team and ended in 1905 |
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| French advocate for women's education; See Laws in 1880 established education for girls |
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| Plain Words on the Woman Question; Canadian science writer; upholder of the theory of evolution |
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| advocate of education in France; started the system of free education in France in 1881 |
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| French pacifist and left liberal politican; president of the human right league from 1914 to 1926; helped to create the system of education; Dictionary of Pedagogy was edited by him |
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| Italian feminist activist; key figure in Italian suffrage; founded the Women's Movement and presented a petition to the parliament in 1878 |
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| founder and leader of the Austrian female movement; International council of women |
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| pedagogue and feminist; represents the women's movement in Germany; filed a petition in 1887 that criticized ways of teaching women |
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