Term
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Definition
- a common language/standard
- accountability
- defense for a counselor taken to court |
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Term
| Are ethics codes moral or legal? |
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Definition
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Term
| Do ethics codes have the answers for every scenario? |
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Definition
| No, they are just a general framework, including guidelines. |
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Term
| When should you make a referral? |
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Definition
- when you are aware that you do not have the skills to help client
- when your values are in direct conflict with the client, which will hinder relationship |
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Term
| Principle vs. Virtue ethics |
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Definition
| Mandatory vs. Aspirational |
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Term
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Definition
| Client has the right to choose what is best for her. |
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Term
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Definition
| Doing no harm (intentionally) |
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Term
| Give some examples of ways we might harm clients. |
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Definition
- we don't take them seriously
- we misinform them
- we criticize them
- we impose our values |
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Term
| "I'm not your friend. I'm your __________." |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Taking positive steps to help others (prevention & removal of harm) |
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Term
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Definition
Equitable distribution of burdens and benefits
- restitutional justice: answering an unjust act |
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Term
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Definition
| Honesty, trust, reliability |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Adhering to a code to protect self and others; think "incorruptible" |
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Term
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Definition
| Respecting the client and the system/environment she comes from |
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Term
| How can we show respect for the client? |
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Definition
Example: being on time
Example: don't make assumptions and have client tell their story |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is the virtue ethic rooted in social responsibility and public interest? |
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Definition
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Term
| 9 steps in ethical decision-making |
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Definition
1. Problem
2. Potential issues
3. Relevant codes?
4. Laws?
5. Consult
6. Courses of action
7. Consequences?
8. Decide
9. Be open to discussions |
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Term
| When should you report child abuse? |
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Definition
| When you have "reasonable cause to suspect" that there is child abuse |
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Term
| Problems in dual relationships? |
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Definition
- objectivity becomes difficult
- may not protect client
- power differential --> exploitation |
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Term
| What are some self-care responsibilities? |
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Definition
- monitor personal well-being
- monitor effectiveness
- seek assistance for problems
- |
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Term
| What are some symptoms of burnout? |
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Definition
- distancing from clients and staff
- cynicism
- decreased self-esteem
- physical exhaustion
- sleep disturbances
- stress-related physical ailments |
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Term
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Definition
| Personal beliefs and how they affect conduct |
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Term
| Ethics (definition from textbook) |
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Definition
| Professional values and behaviors |
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Term
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Definition
| Agreed-on rules that set forth principles that allow people to live together in a society |
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Term
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Definition
Laws --> Minimal standards
Ethics --> Ideal standards |
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Term
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Definition
| Going beyond what is minimally required by law or ethics codes; the very best a counselor can do |
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Term
| What is the philosophy underlying the counseling profession? |
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Definition
-- wellness model of mental health
-- developmental perspective
-- strong preference for prevention and early intervention
-- goal of empowerment |
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Term
| What aspect of the medical model do counselors use? |
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Definition
| Diagnosing mental disorders |
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Term
| Explain the developmental perspective of counselors |
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Definition
| Problems that other professionals might see as pathological are seen as normal and natural. |
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Term
| Counselors believe which is superior? Prevention or remediation? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the primary service that counselors provide? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the primary professional association for counselors? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are some issues facing the counseling profession as a whole? |
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Definition
-- united profession vs. separate specialties
-- organizational structure of the ACA
-- wide variety of licensure requirements from state to state
-- ambiguity about scope/practice such as in diagnosis and testing
-- job classifications for counselors
-- third party reimbursement for services |
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Term
| What does multicultural competence have to do with ethics? |
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Definition
| Multicultural competence is essential to ethical practice! |
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Term
| What are some cultural variables with which counselors must contend? |
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Definition
| Race, ethnicity, gender, age, social class, sexual or affectational orientation, disability status, geographic location, language, marital status, religion, etc. |
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Term
| What are the goals of multicultural practice? |
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Definition
-- Becoming aware of our own biases
-- Increasing our awareness of other groups
-- Developing culturally appropriate intervention strategies for diverse clients |
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Term
| What can counselors do to avoid unintentional racism? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who has a multicultural identity? |
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Definition
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Term
| The ACA code addresses multicultural issues in a handful of specific standards of the codes. True or false? |
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Definition
| Counselors are advised to view all the codes as being multicultural in spirit and intent. |
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Term
| How can LGBTQ clients be challening in a legal sense? |
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Definition
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Term
| What can counselors do for clients who have experienced illegal discrimination? |
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Definition
| They can help clients consider their options and the possible consequences of those options. |
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Term
| How can cultural differences affect crisis counselors? |
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Definition
| In many of the same ways they affect regular counselors, but particularly when it comes to a client's way of responding to a crisis |
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Term
| What is a fiduciary relationship? |
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Definition
| It means that counselors have a legal obligation to protect their clients' best interests and to avoid interactions that benefit themselves |
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Term
| What can counselors do to make sure they are not working on their own issues during counseling? |
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Definition
| Be aware of their own life issues, unfinished business, areas of vulnerability, and defenses |
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Term
| Client dependency vs. independence |
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Definition
| Counselors must promote client autonomy and independence |
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Term
| What do counselors need to do when assisting involuntary or mandated clients? |
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Definition
| They must inform them of the limits of confidentiality and nature of any reports that may be made to courts or other entities that are requiring the clients to attend counseling |
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Term
| Is abandoning a client unethical or illegal? |
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Definition
| Both unethical and illegal. Must follow guidelines for terminating if necessary. |
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Term
| Is abandoning a client unethical or illegal? |
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Definition
| Both unethical and illegal. Must follow guidelines for terminating if necessary. |
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Term
| Explain informed consent as an ethical obligation. |
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Definition
| Clients have the right to know what they're getting into when they come in for counseling. |
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Term
| Are counseling services informal or contractual? |
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Definition
| Counseling services are contractual in nature. Agreements need to be in a written informed consent document. |
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Term
| Do counselors need to obtain consent to treat people? |
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Definition
| Yes, they must sign a consent to treatment form. |
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Term
| What can happen if informed consent is not handled adequately? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is informed consent just a matter of legal concerns? |
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Definition
| No, it also reflects ethical obligations. |
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Term
| Informed consent it only talked about during the first session with the client. True or false? |
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Definition
| FALSE. Informed consent is an ongoing process. |
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Term
| Can informed consent be challenged by cultural differences? |
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Definition
| Yes! Traditional informed consent may not be compatible with or respectful of people of all cultures so counselors must be careful. |
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Term
| When you have concerns about privileged communication, whom should you consult? |
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Definition
| An attorney. Privileged communication is a legal issue. |
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Term
| When you have concerns about confidentiality, whom should you consult? |
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Definition
| Your supervisor or colleagues. Confidentiality is an ethical issue. |
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Term
| What is privileged communication? |
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Definition
| A judge cannot order a counselor to reveal information in court that has been recognized by law as privileged. |
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Term
| Who determines what is privileged communication? |
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Definition
| State governments. State statutes differ in considering the counselor-client relationship to have privileged communication. |
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Term
| Can clients waive their right to privacy? |
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Definition
| Yes! Confidentiality and privilege both belong to the client, not the counselor. |
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Term
| Are there exceptions to confidentiality and privileged communication? |
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Definition
| Yes. You can share information with subordinates and fellows professionals. You also have the duties to warn, protect, or report when a client wishes to do harm to herself or others. |
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Term
| Can counselors guarantee confidentiality in family therapy? |
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Definition
| No, and they can't guarantee it with minors or groups or adults who have been legally adjudicated as legally incompetent. |
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Term
| Can counselors ignore subpoenas? |
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Definition
| No, counselors who do not respond to subpoenas can be held in contempt of court of be fined or jailed. |
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Term
| What should you do when you are given a subpoena? |
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Definition
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Term
| Can counselors disclose information about clients when it does not qualify as an exception to privileged communication? |
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Definition
| No, and clients can sue for malpractice. |
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Term
| What are the two reasons counselors keep records? |
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Definition
1. To provide the best possible quality of service to clients
2. For clients' self-protection |
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Term
| In what ways can clients benefit from counselors keeping good records? |
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Definition
-- Continuity of care when clients go somewhere else or come back
-- Helps clients measure and affirm growth and change
-- Accurate history of client's diagnosis, treatment, and recovery |
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Term
| How can counselors protect themselves by keeping good records? |
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Definition
| Counselors must document their decisions and actions in case they are ever challenged. |
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Term
| What three kinds of records do counselors keep? |
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Definition
1. Administrative records -- not case notes, signed informed consent docs, copies of correspondence, billing and payment accounts, appointment information
2. Recordings
3. Clinical case notes -- Specific details clients have said in sessions, clinical impressions, very personal info |
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Term
| Should counselors assume their clinical notes will be read? |
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Definition
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