Term
| Are cardiovascular abnormalities important to performance horse people? |
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Definition
| Yes, 3rd most common cause of poor performance |
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Term
| What are some of the challenges pertaining to equine cardiology? |
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Definition
| Difficult to make an accurate diagnosis, difficult to determine the importance (physiological vs pathological) and impact on performance, difficult to treat, difficult to determine prognosis |
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Term
| Why is signalment important when diagnosing cardio abnormalities? |
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Definition
Age - congentical disease?
Breed predispositions (VSD in arabs and warm bloods)
Gender - aortic aneruysm in males
Usage- cardiac insufficeny more seen earlier in atheletes |
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Term
| How do you determine haemodynamic status? |
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Definition
| Evaluation of pulse rate and quality, perihperal perfusion, jugular vein fill and pulsation |
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Term
| What is persistent tachycardia typical of? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are some types of physiological arrhythmias? |
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Definition
They are very common, esp in performance horses. They are usually:
Regularly irregular
Brady-dysrhythmias
Associated with high vagal tone |
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Term
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Definition
| Normal heart rate and rhythm. So a sinus bradycardia would be 'normal' (or expected) bradycardia |
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Term
| What do we characterise mumurs on? |
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Definition
Timing and duration
Intensity
PMI and radiation
Pitch
'Shape' |
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Term
| What is a physiological murmur? |
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Definition
| Ones that are associated with blood turbulance from normal flow (ejection and filling quickly) they are typically soft (grade 1-3), short duration and come and go depending on exercise |
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Term
| Other than blood turbulance, what fact influences physiological murmurs? |
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Definition
| High sympathetic tone (can be caused by pain, sepsis, colic, exercise) |
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Term
| What are some of the limitations of equine neuro exams? |
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Definition
Animal size (affects postural reaction and spinal reflex tests)
Animal is often recumbant (no way, no how moving that thing) |
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Term
| Which horse breed has a predisposition to epilepsy? |
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Definition
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Term
| What sort of information are you fishing for when taking a neuro Hx? |
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Definition
CS duration and progression
Prev Tx/toxins
Trauma
Management
Number affected
Geographical location/sesaon |
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Term
| Where in horses would you look specifically for asymmetry re: neuro disease? |
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Definition
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Term
| What tests can you do to show exacerbation of neuro deficits? |
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Definition
Tail pull/sway tests
Tight circling
Walking up or down a slope or curb
Backing up
Blindfolding |
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Term
| What are the signs of paresis in horses? |
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Definition
Stumbling, toe dragging
Tremors/fasciculations
Limb trembling
Recumbency |
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Term
| How do you recognise LMN disease? |
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Definition
Tremors/fasiculations
Difficulty supporting weight
Muscle atrophy
decreased or absent reflexes |
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Term
| How do you recognise UMN disease? |
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Definition
No atrophy/tremors
Reflexes intact |
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