Term
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Definition
| first set of laws in colonies - all leaving ship had to follow rules and sign the document saying so |
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Term
| What was Jamestown, and who did they rely on in order to survive? |
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Definition
| First English colony in North America 1639; the colonists required the help of the local indian tribes in order to survive |
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Term
| How were the New England colonies influenced by their close ties with religion? |
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Definition
| They made everyone live by their rules or forced them out of the colony |
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Term
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Definition
| In the colony of Massachusetts, the lack of tolerance in regards to religious beliefs led to the false accusations and death of colonists accused of worshipping the devil |
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Term
| What was the importance of tobacco to Virginia? |
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Definition
| Gave it a cash crop providing much needed funds to the colony |
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Term
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Definition
| The belief that a healthy economy is one where you produce and export more goods than you import in from other countries |
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Term
| What were the economic differences between the New England, Mid-Atlantic, and Southern colonies that led to problems in the future? |
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Definition
New England - mixed economy
Mid-Atlantic - mixed agriculture and industry
South - total agriculture |
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Term
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Definition
| Religious movement during the mid and late 1700s which was a reaction against the scientific advances occurring in the world that questioned many religious views |
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Term
| Who was involved in the French and Indian War? |
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Definition
| 1754-1763: British vs. French |
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Term
| What was the issue that led to the French and Indian war? |
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Definition
| British colonists kept moving into French territory |
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Term
| How was the French and Indian War one of the events that led to the Revolutionary War? |
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Definition
| After British victory, the British expected the colonists to pay for the war through new taxes, but the colonists didn't want to pay increase in taxes without more say in their government |
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Term
| What was the Proclamation of 1763? |
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Definition
| at the end of French and Indian War, the British told its colonists that it could not go into the territory won in the war |
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Term
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Definition
| British Tax on colonists where all items carrying the royal stamp had an extra tax placed upon it to help pay for colonial debts; colonists said that if we pay extra taxes, we should have more say in gov't |
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Term
| Declaration of Independence |
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Definition
| Largely written by Thomas Jefferson with the help of others; official declaration of colonies intent to seperate from England |
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Term
| What was the purpose of the Declaration of Independence? |
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Definition
| To formally declare the intent of the colonies to break away from England and tell why they were doing so |
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Term
| "What purpose was served by Thomas Paine writing ""Common Sense""?" |
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Definition
| To help colonists understand why they should no longer accept the way they were being treated by England. |
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Term
| What was the importance of the Colonial victory at Yorktown? |
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Definition
| It was final battle of Revolutionary War where British surrendered |
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Term
| What was the Articles of Confederation? |
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Definition
| The first form of government the United States used following the Revolutionary War. In this form of government, the states had most of the power leaving a weak central government. This lack of central power led to states arguing and finally the need for a new form of government. |
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Term
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Definition
| an agreement that provided the Northwest Territory with a bsic form of government for those in the territory to follow until the time came for the area to become states. Slavery was outlawed in this area. |
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Term
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Definition
| revolt by farmers against state government in Massachusetts that led country to realize the need for new form of government |
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Term
| What is the definition of federal? |
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Definition
| being a form of government in which a union of states recognizes the sovereignty(power) of a central authority(Washington, D.C.) while retaining certain residual powers (state's powers) of government. |
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Term
| "What was the purpose of ""The Federalist Papers""?" |
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Definition
| To help the citizens of the new nation understand how a government using a strong central power would not be similar to how they were ruled by the King of England. |
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Term
| What are the Bill of Rights? Why were they included in the Constitution? What types of rights did they give US citizens? |
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Definition
Bill of Rights - First 10 Amendments of US Constitution dealing with individual's rights
They were put in Constitution in order to stop the fears of those afraid of abusive big government
Freedom of speech, freedom to assemble, right to bear arms, etc... |
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Term
| What is the difference between the House of Representatives and the Senate? |
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Definition
House of Representatives: number of reps allocated to state per population Senate: each state has two no matter what size or population |
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Term
| What job was given to Lewis and Clark? |
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Definition
| To explore tha lnad acquired through the Louisiana Purchase in 1803. They were to map the new areas, describe plants and animals, and the populations of indiaqns they encountered. |
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Term
| What was the importance of the Louisiana Purchase? |
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Definition
| Doubled the size of the United States and lessened the importance of the French in North America. |
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Term
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Definition
| US vs. England; nobody wins; proves US is a world power |
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Term
| What is the importance of the case of Marbury v. Madison? |
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Definition
| This case gave the Supreme Court the right to Judicial review or the right to view the actions of the other branches of government to see if what they were doing followed our Constitution. |
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Term
| What was the purpose of the Monroe Doctrine? |
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Definition
| President Monroe told the rest of the world to stay out of North or South America if they didn't already have holdings in that area or the United States would become physically involved |
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Term
| What was the Nullification Crisis, and how did South Carolina play a role in this? |
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Definition
| Nullification was the theory that a state could pick and choose which Federal laws they want to follow. The crisis was when South Carolina wanted to ignore a certain Federal ruling which led Pres Jackson to send Federal troops being called out to force the state to follow the law. |
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Term
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Definition
| Movement of Cherokee Indians from homeland to reservations in midwest; many died during forced move ordered by Pres Jackson |
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Term
| What did Elizabeth Cady Stanton for for Women's rights? |
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Definition
| She fought for equality for women legally and politically. Worked w/ Susan B Anthony |
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Term
| What was the purpose of the Seneca Falls Convention? |
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Definition
| A Woman's Rights convention held in 1848 |
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Term
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Definition
| belief that God supports our country's goals of expansion to the point that we have his permission to do whatever we feel necessary to make this happen |
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Term
| What was the Wilmot Proviso? |
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Definition
| The attempt by congress to keep lands taken from Mexico from being slave holding areas. |
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Term
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Definition
| Supreme Court said that Dred Scott had no rights since he was a slave, not a citizen and could not have his case heard by court |
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Term
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Definition
| 1846-1848; starts with Mexican attack on Alamo; US wins; purpose was to take land from Mexico that will become Texas |
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Term
| Nat Turner and John Brown |
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Definition
Nat Turner - slave who led only large slave revolt in US history
John Brown - thought God had told him to lead the fight to end slavery by violence if necessary; he and his men were caught and killed |
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Term
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Definition
| US decided to let the settlers vote to determine if the new territories would be pro or anti slavery; led to bloodshed - term "bleeding Kansas" |
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Term
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Definition
a) Southern states secede to form the Confederate States of America
b) First shots fired when Confederate troops fired upon Union soldiers at Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina.
c) Battles of Vicksburg and Gettysburg in 1863 turned war in North's favor
d) Sherman's March to the Sea brought war to an end |
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Term
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Definition
Ulysses S. Grant - leader of the Union forces
Robert E. Lee - leader of the Confederate forces |
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Term
| Important Civil War battles |
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Definition
Ft. Sumter - first shots fired starting war
Getty'sburg - last time southern armies went into Northern territory
Vicksburg - gave North control of west controlling Miss. River
March to the Sea - North led by Sherman marched all the way to Savannah burning everything in their path - war over |
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Term
| Emancipation Proclamation / Gettysburg Address |
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Definition
Emancipation Proclamation - Lincoln proclaimed
all slaves in South to be free. He had no way of making this happen, but psychologically, it was effective.
Gettysburg Address - when Northeners began questioning their involvement in the war, Lincoln went to the site of the Battle of Gettysburg and told the American people there was no way that we could stop now with all of the bloodshed that had occurred. The job had to be completed. |
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Term
| What changes did the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments bring to the country? |
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Definition
13th - abolished slavery
14th - made freed slaves US citizens
15th - gave newly freed slaves right to vote |
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Term
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Definition
| The program developed by the North to help freed slaves enter society; also set rules which southerners had to live by due to their losing the war |
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Term
| What purpose was served by the Freedmen's Bureau? |
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Definition
| The Freedmen's Bureau provided services for the newly freed slaves to help them succeed in their new setting. |
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Term
| Who worked on the western half of the Transcontinental Railroad, and which group provided a large part of the labor on the Eastern side? |
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Definition
| The Chinese worked on the Western half of the Transcontinental Railroad, while the Irish did the majority of the work on the Eastern half. |
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Term
| What is the importance of the case of Plessy v. Ferguson? |
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Definition
| "This case concerning the seperation of riders on public transportation in the late 1800s. This decision was used to back the use of ""seperate but equal"" to keep African Americans from receiving the rights that they deserved." |
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Term
| What programs were developed by the US Government to encourage westward expansion? |
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Definition
| Homestead Act - gave land to people willing to settle unpopulated areas |
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Term
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Definition
| rules set in place after Civil War to restrict rights of newly freed slaves |
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Term
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Definition
| led by John D Rockefeller in Oil and Carnegie in steel - these individuals tried to control market and control competition - laws had to be put in place to stop this type of thing from taking place |
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Term
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Definition
| Late 1800s court case that made it legal for people to be seperated by race on public transportation; this decision made "seperate but equal" the law in all areas (education, etc...) until Brown v Board said it was illegal in the 1950s |
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Term
| Who were the Progressives, and what did they think of big business? |
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Definition
| Progressives were anti-big business, anti-government corruption, pro-labor |
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Term
| Who was Samuel Gompers, and what did he found? |
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Definition
| Labor leader who founded the AFL - American Federation of Labor |
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Term
| Sitting Bull - Wounded Knee |
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Definition
| last major battle of Indian Wars led by Sitting Bull in an attempt to keep from being forced away from home lands by US |
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Term
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Definition
| place where immigrants from Europe were processed as they came to America |
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Term
| What was the cause of the Spanish American War? What did the United States gain from their victory? |
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Definition
Spanish accused of bombing the USS Maine.
With victory, the United States was allowed to take over the Phillipines in the Pacific. |
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Term
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Definition
| inventor of light bulb, motion pictures, recorded sound, and use of electricity for the masses |
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Term
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Definition
| wrote The Jungle which gave a disturbing account of the meat industry and how unsanitary food production was. This led to federal regulations in food handling. |
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Term
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Definition
| told rest of world to stay out of South America ( as had been previously stated in Monroe Doctrine) but added that he US could go down there if we felt it was necessary |
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Term
| What was the purpose of building the Panama Canal? Why was the country of Panama chosen? |
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Definition
Cut the time of getting from the eastern or western side of the Americas in half.
Panama was chosen because it is the thinnest part of Central America seperating the Atlantic Ocean from the Pacific Ocean |
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Term
| Why did the United States finally have to take part in World War I? |
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Definition
| German's sinking of the Lusitania and Germany sending the Zimmerman note to Mexico trying to get their help in the war |
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Term
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Definition
| new technology and methods of fighting in WWI changed warfare as we knew it |
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Term
| What was the League of Nations? |
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Definition
| Planned for post WW I so that nations that were arguing could solve their differences at the table instead of militarily; w/o support of the US, it became a weak and powerless group |
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Term
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Definition
| a $10,000 fine and 20 years' imprisonment for interfering with the recruiting of troops or the disclosure of information dealing with national defense; this act was also aimed at stopping the growing influence of labor unions due to fear of Communism |
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Term
| Prohibition/ 18th Amendment |
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Definition
| Prohibited the manufacture, sale, or transportation of alcohol in the United States |
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Term
| What is suffrage? Who were the suffragettes? What was the 19th Amendment? |
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Definition
Suffrage - right to vote
Suffragettes - women who fought for right to vote
19th Amendment gave women the right to vote in the United States |
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Term
| What amendment gave women the right to vote? When was this amendment passed? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the Harlem Renaissance? |
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Definition
| Time period in US between 1920s - 30s where African American arts, literature - Langston Hughes, and music - Duke Ellington, began to explode in popularity and majorly influence other artists, writers, and musicians |
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Term
| What was the Great Depression? What was the cause of this event? |
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Definition
| Huge amount of borrowing without making sure that borrower was able to pay loan back leaving banks cash poor; similar issue with stock market; 1929 until WWII |
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Term
| How did Hoover mishandle the Great Depression? |
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Definition
| While Hoover did not cause the Great Depression, his "laissez-faire" handling of the situation led to his being voted out of office. Hoover felt that government should keep its hands out of business. |
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Term
| President Franklin Roosevelt & The New Deal |
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Definition
| Roosevelt beat Hoover in the election by stating that the Government would get involved in helping people during the Great Depression. Through his program, The New Deal, he immediately began doing things to regain the peoples trust in banks, develop job programs, etc... |
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Term
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Definition
Dust Bowl refers to the drought stricken Mid-West where farms turned into desert
Hooverville is the term used to describe vacant lots where people lived in shacks constructed from found items since they could no longer afford to live in regular housing |
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Term
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Definition
| One of FDR's New Deal programs that created jobs by building dams to provide electricity to the mountains of the southeast (Tenn., Ala, GA, etc...) |
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Term
| Civilian Conservation Corps |
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Definition
New Deal program designed for men between the ages of 18 to 25. It was considered a peace time army which replanted forests, built roads, etc..;
A large portion of the money the members made had to be sent back home. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1935 Congressional Act which protected workers' rights to form unions and to bargain collectively |
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Term
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Definition
| Before we were officially part of World war II, we helped our allies by sending them weapons, etc... this also helped jump start our economy through factory jobs to end the Great Depression |
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Term
| What did Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor force the United States to do? |
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Definition
| The United States could no longer stay out of the war after being attacked by Japan. |
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Term
| On what date did the Japanese attack Pearl Harbor? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why did Japan attack Pearl Harbor? |
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Definition
| To try and force the United States out of the Pacific so that Japan could take control of that region |
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Term
WWII
Los Alamos/ Manhattan Project |
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Definition
| secret projects that developed atomic bomb technology used to bring an end to the war in Japan |
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Term
| How did World War II help start the Civil Rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s? |
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Definition
| The equal treatment of African Americans in the military was then expected by the soldiers in day to day life as civilians leading to protest during Civil Rights Era. |
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Term
WWII
rationing / war bonds |
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Definition
US citizens were only allowed to use so much gas, meat, sugar, etc to help ensure enough supplies for our troops
war bonds - US citizens bought bonds as investments to give the government extra cash to put towards the war effort |
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Term
| Why were Japanese-American citizens moved to internment camps during World War II? |
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Definition
| Because of the fear of Japanese citizens acting as spies for Japan |
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Term
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Definition
| US invasion of Europe which would bring an end to the war in Europe within a years time |
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Term
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Definition
| post WWII plan to rebuild our enemies that we defeated in order to ensure that we would be friends in the future |
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Term
| What is the United Nations? |
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Definition
| Put into effect after World War II so that countries with differences could solve the issues peacefully to avoid military actions. |
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Term
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Definition
| The competition between the United States and the Soviet Union for dominance in space exploration. |
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Term
| What was the purpose of the Truman Doctrine? |
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Definition
| President Truman told the rest of the world that it was okay if they were communist, but that the United States would become involved if a country tried influencing other countries to also become communist |
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Term
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Definition
| 1950-53; stop the spread of communism by Soviet Union and China into Korea; war ended with country being split into Communist North and Democratic South |
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Term
| Brown vs. Board of Education |
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Definition
| Supreme Court rules that segregated education is illegal; therefore, all other forms of segregation are illegal; no more seperate but equal |
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Term
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Definition
| Joseph McCarthy led a movement to uncover Communists in the US but his attempts to do this led to hearings where people's lives were ruined with no real evidence that they were guilty; people testified against their friends out of fear |
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Term
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Definition
| led revotution against corrupt dictator that was US friend; joined with Soviet Union as Communist nation |
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Term
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Definition
| Popular Democratic president elected in 1960; led country through Cuban Missile Crisis; assassinated by Lee HArvey Oswald in 1963 |
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Term
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Definition
| US supported attempt to overthrow Fidel Castro and retake Cuba; this failed due to lack of US support |
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Term
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Definition
| Earky 1960s; Russia placed nuclear weapons in Cuba durectly threatening the US mainland; led to standoff between US and Russia that almost led to Nuclear War; both sides finally backed down |
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Term
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Definition
| President Johnson's program during his administration to help those in poverty and to overcome racism through programs to help those in need catch up with the rest of society through education, jobs, etc... |
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Term
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Definition
| stated that you must be made aware of your rights when being arrested |
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Term
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Definition
| 1967-74; stop the spread of communism in Vietnam by Chinese; US finally pulls out in 74 and country becomes Communist |
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Term
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Definition
| Watergate was the name of the Washington hotel where the offices of the Democratic Party were bhroken into by thieves. These "thieves" were found to have been hired by President Nixon's people with or without his consent. As more information about the break-in came out, Nixon finally resigned from office to avoid being impeached. |
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Term
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Definition
Usually refers to fight for power in congress between North and South leading up to Civil War;
Exception would be The Great Compromise which was using population dervied House and 2 per state senate to make up congress in Constitution |
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Term
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Definition
| Always follows war and victor sets the rules |
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Term
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Definition
| weak central-strong states; always fails; ex: articles of confed & confederacy |
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Term
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Definition
| to give freedom to; emancipation proclamation - where Lincoln free's slaves he has no control over but psychologically, it was a brilliant move to give slaves hope |
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Term
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Definition
| always refers to stopping bad behavior like drnking ; movement led to prohibition |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to fear of spread of communism; two periods- 1920s & 30s - unions and 1950s - cpold war |
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Term
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Definition
| a desire for the United States to stay out of world affairs that could possibly lead to our being involved in World Wars, etc |
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