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| signaling pathway: calcitonin |
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| signaling pathway: glucagon |
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| signaling pathway: oxytocin |
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| signaling pathway: histamine |
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| signaling pathway: gastrin |
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| signaling pathway: vitamin D |
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| signaling pathway: estrogen |
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| signaling pathway: testosterone |
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| signaling pathway: cortisol |
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| signaling pathway: aldosterone |
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| signaling pathway: progesterone |
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| signaling pathway: insulin |
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| signaling pathway: prolactin |
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| signaling pathway: cytokines |
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| increased SHBG in men leads to |
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Definition
| binding of free testosterone and gynecomastia |
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| decreased SHBG in women leads to |
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| raises free testosterone and leads to hirsutism |
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| when does SHBG increase in women |
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| dopamine inhibits secretion of |
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| inhibits prolactine becuase dopamine agonist |
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| antipsychotics effects on prolactin |
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| stimulate because domaine antagonist |
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| 17 alpha hydroxylase actions |
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Definition
pregnenolone -> 17-hydroxypregnenolone
progesterone -> 17-hydroxyprogesterone |
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| 21 beta hydroxylase actions |
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Definition
progesterone -> 11-deoxycortisone
17-hydroxyprogesterone -> 11-deoxycortisol |
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| 11 beta hydroxylase functions |
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Definition
11-deoxycortisone-> corticosterone
11-deoxycortisol -> cortisol |
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androstenedione -> estrone
testosterone -> estradiol |
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| cholesterol -> pregnenolone |
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| 3 beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase functions |
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Definition
pregnenolone -> -> aldost
17-hydroxyprogesterone -> -> cortisol
DHEA -> -> testosterone |
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demoalse
- activated by
- inhibited by |
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Definition
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| 5 alpha reductase function |
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Definition
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| symptoms of 17- alpha hydroxylase deficiency |
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Definition
| HTN, hypokalemia, decreased sex hormones and cortisol |
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| symptoms of 21- hydroxylase deficiency |
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Definition
| hypotension, masculinization |
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| symptoms of 11 betahydroxylase deficiency |
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| maintains BP by up regulating alpha-1 receptors |
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| anti-inflammatory/immunosuppressive |
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| increases insulin resistance |
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| increases gluconeogenesis |
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| cortisol and thyroid hormone |
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| increases Na reabsorption |
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| increases glycogenolysis, and lipolysis |
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| effect of pregnancy on TBG |
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| increases --> increase free thyroid hormone |
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| transient decrease in T3/T4 levels due to excess ingestion of iodide which inhibits iodide pump activity |
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| chief cells of parathyroid |
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Definition
| inc bone resorption of CA and phis, inc kidney reabsorption of Ca, dec kidney reabsorption of Phose, inc VitD |
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Definition
dec Ca -> inc PTH
dec Mg -> dec PTH |
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Definition
| diarrhea, aminoglycosides, diuretics and alcohol |
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| sun exposure in skin; D2 = plants; 25 in liver, 1,25 in kidney |
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Definition
inc absorption of Ca and Phos in intestine
Inc bone resorption of Ca and phis |
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Definition
inc PTH -> inc Vit D
dec ca and phos -> inc vitD
inc VitD -> dec VitD |
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Definition
| parafollicular cells (C cells) of thyroid |
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Definition
| dec bone resorption of Ca |
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Definition
| inc serum Ca -> inc calcitonin |
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