Term
| IN ORDER FOR CELLS TO RESPOND, IT IS NECESSARY FOR FIRST AND SECOND MESSANGERS TO COMMUNICATE, HOW IS THIS POSSIBLE? |
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Definition
| G PROTEIN ACTS AS A LINK BETWEEN FIRST AND SECOND MESSANGER |
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Term
| THYROID HORMONE, ENTERS TARGET CELLS SIMILAR TO ? |
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Definition
| STEROID HORMONES, BOTH DIFFUSE EASILY INTO TARGET CELLS |
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Term
| WHEN IT BEDCOES NECESSARY TO BEGIN FLIGHT OR FLIGHT RESPONSE, A HORMONE USED DURING THE ALARM STAGE |
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Definition
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Term
| WHAT MECHANISM IS THE LEAST COMPLICATED OF THE ENDOCRINE CONTROL SYSTEM THAT DIRECTLY RESPONDS TO CHANGE IN BL LEVELS? |
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Definition
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Term
| THE MAJOR TARGETS OF GH ARE? |
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Definition
| BONES AND SKELETAL MUSCLES |
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Term
| THE PARATHYROID GLANDS MAINTAIN ADEQUATE LEVELS OF BL CA. HOW IS THIS ACCOMPLISHED? |
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Definition
| TARGETING THE BONE AND ACTIVATIONG OSTEOCLASTS SO THAT CA IS RELEASED |
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Term
| WHICH ORGAN IS RESPONSIBLE FOR SYNTHESIZING ANP? |
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Definition
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Term
| MINERALOCORTICOID IS TO ALDOSTERONE AS GLUCOCORTICOID IS TO |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| MOST IMPORTANT REGULATOR OF ELECTROLYTE CONCENTRATIONS IN EXTRACELLULAR FLUIDS IS |
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Definition
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Term
| ESTROGEN, ALDOSTERONE, CORTISONE ARE ALL _____ HORMONES |
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Definition
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Term
| WHAT 'COMPLEX' IS ASSOCIATED WITH THE ACTION OF STEROIDS ON CELLS |
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Definition
| HORMONE-RECEPTOR COMPLEX THAT INTERACTS DIRECTLY WITH THE CELLS DNA |
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Term
| CELLULAR RESPONSES TO HORMONES THAT INITIATE SECOND-MESSANGER SYSTEMS INCLUDE POSSIBLE ACTIVATION OF? |
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Definition
| SEVERAL DIFFERENT SECOND-MESSENGER SYSTEMS |
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Term
| REGULATING HORMONES FROM THE HYPOTHALAMUS? FIRST ENTER? |
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Definition
| FIRST ENTER INTO THE HYPOPHYSEAL PORTAL SYSTEM |
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Term
| ACTH SECRETION IS REGULATED BY A ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| WHAT IS THE SINGLE MOST IMPORTANT REGULATOR IN CA LEVELS IN THE CALCIUM HOMEOSTASIS |
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Definition
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Term
| ALDOSTERONE FUNCTIONS TO ?_______ |
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Definition
| INCREASE SODIUM REABSORPTION |
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Term
| THE ONLY AMINE HORMONE TO ACT LIKE A STEROID IS? |
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Definition
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Term
| WHICH ORGAN DOES NOT HAVE HORMONE PRODUCTION |
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Definition
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Term
| WHEN THE DNA OF A TARGET CELL SPECIFY THE SYNTHESIS OF MORE RECEPTORS ON THE SURFACE THIS IS CALLED? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| PARACRINES, LEUKOTRIENES, PROSTAGLANDINS |
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Term
| WHAT DOES FSH STIMULATE IN MEN AND WHERE |
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Definition
| TESTES, AND STIMULATES SPERM PRODUCTION INSUFFICIENT LEVELS CAUSE INFERTILITY |
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Term
| WHAT ORGAN IS AFFEDCTD BY THYROID HORMONE IN ADULTS |
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Definition
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Term
| THYROXINE'S MECHANISM IS DIFFERENT THAN OTHER PEPTIDE HORMONES, WHY? |
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Definition
| IT DOES NOT REQUIRE A SECOND MESSENGER |
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Term
| HOW DO GLUCOCORTICOIDS ENABLE THE BODY TO DEAL WITH STRESS |
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Definition
| INCREASING BL GLUCOSE, FA AND AMINO ACID LEVELS , AND ENHANCING THE BP |
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Term
| WHAT ION IS SOMETIMES USED AS A SECOND MESSENGER OF AMMINO ACID BASED |
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Definition
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Term
| _____ are hormones synthesized from cholesterol |
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Definition
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Term
| ____ are the result of hypersecretion of growth hormone |
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Definition
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Term
| the largest pure endocrine gland in the body is the |
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Definition
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Term
| which hormone stimulates production of RBC and which organ produces it |
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Definition
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Term
| alpha islet cells produce _____ an extremely poten hyperglycemic hormone |
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Definition
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Term
| the ___ gland may influence our day/night cycles and onset of sexual maturity |
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Definition
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Term
| the ____ gland declines in size and function with age |
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Definition
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Term
| the ____ gland declines in size and function with age |
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Definition
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Term
| endocrine gland stimuli include, hormonal,___,___- |
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Definition
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Term
| as a result of stress the adenohypophysis releases _____, which stimulates release of hormones from the _____ that retain sodium and water, increase blood sugar and breaking down fats |
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Definition
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Term
| why do we not continue to grow with age |
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Definition
| GH DECLINES AND AND THE CLOSURE OF EPIPHYSEAL PLATES PROHIBIT FURTHER GROWTH OF THE LONG BONES |
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Term
| A WOMAN WITH EXCESSIVE HAIR AND ENLARGED CLITORIS SHOWS SIGNS OF WHAT HORMONAL DYSFUNCTION? |
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Definition
| HYPERSECRETION OF GONADOCORTICOIDS |
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Term
| WHY MUST A PERSON WHO DRINKS A LOT OF ALCOHOL URINATE FREQUENTLY? |
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Definition
| ALCOHOL INHIBITS ADH SECRETIION |
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Term
| WHY IS THE HEART CONSIDERED AN ENDOCRINE GLAND? |
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Definition
| IT SECRETES ATRIAL NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE (ANP), WHICH REGULATES SALT OUTPUT BY THE KIDNEY. ANP INHIBITS ALDOSTERONE AND SIGNALS THE KIDNEY TO REMOVE MORE SALT. |
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Term
| THE FIRST STEP IN HORMONE-RECEPTOR BINDING TO TARGET CELLS, INTERACTION DEPENDS ON ______ OF THE HORMONE, RELATIVE NUMBER OF ______ FOR THAT HORMONE ON OR IN THE TARGET CELLS AND THE STREGTH OF TH EUNION BETWEEN THE HORMONE AND RECEPTOR |
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Definition
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Term
| WHY ARE GLUCAGON AND INSULIN DIFFERENT IN THE EFFECTS ON THE TARGET CELL-EVEN THOUGH THEY BOTH TARGET THE LIVER, AND BOTH MADE BY THE PANCREAS |
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Definition
| GLUCAGON AND INSULIN USE DIFFERENT CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS |
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Term
| WHAT FACTORS CONTRIBUTE TO BASAL METABOLISM DECLINING? |
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Definition
| THYROID FOLLICLES FILL WITH COLLOID AND GLAND FIBROSIS OCCURS-THIS RESULTS IN HORMONE SYNTHESIS AND RELEASE DIMINISHING |
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Term
| LIST THE 4 MECHANISMS INVOLVED IN THE REGULATION OF ALDOSTERONE SECRETION? |
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Definition
| 1. RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN MECHANISM, 2 PLASMA CONCENTRATION OF SODIUM AND POTASSIUM IONS 3. CONTROL EXERTED BY acth AND 4 PLASMA CONCENTRATION OF ANP |
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Term
| DIFFERENCE BETWEEN AUTOCRINES AND PARACRINES? |
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Definition
| AUTOCRINES ARE SELF-REGULATING CHEMICAL MESSENGERS, THEY TARGET THE SAME CELL OF WHICH THEY ARE MANUFACTURED-PARACRINES ARE CHEM MESSENGERS THAT ACT LOCALLY-ONLY THE CELLS IMMEDIATELY AROUND THEM |
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Term
| AN EXAMPLE OF SYNERGISM IN HORMONES?Q |
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Definition
| LIVER WILL RELEASE GLUCOSE IN THE PRESENCE OF GLUCAGON OR EPI |
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Term
| GROWTH HORMONES ACT INDIRECTLY TO MAKE THE EPIPHYSEAL PLATE CARTILAGE GROW,WHAT MAKES IT DIRECTLY GROW? |
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Definition
| GH STIMULATES THE LIVER TO RELEASE A GROWTH FACTOR CALLED SOMATOMEDIN, WHICH CONTROLS THE EPIPHYSEAL PLATE |
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