Term
|
Definition
| Fatty acids in the form of triglycerides |
|
|
Term
| What are conjugated lipids? |
|
Definition
Phosphate or sugar group added to lipid molecule
• Integral part of cell wall structure |
|
|
Term
| Which type of lipoprotein transports HDL cholesterol? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of lipoprotein transports LDL cholesterol? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the least dense lipoprotein type? |
|
Definition
Chylomicrons- mostly triglycerides
Typically nonfasting pt |
|
|
Term
| What enzyme cleaves triglycerides from chylomicrons? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Synthesized in liver --> picks up cholesterol from tissues --> becomes HDL3 --> LCAT enzyme converts to HDL2 --> transferred to VLDL --> excreted in bile |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Synthesized in liver --> picks up cholesterol from tissues --> becomes HDL3 --> LCAT enzyme converts to HDL2 --> transferred to VLDL --> excreted in bile |
|
|
Term
| What does excessive chylomicrons look like in spun-down chilled serum? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does excess VLDL appear in spun-down serum? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is LDL measured in the blood? |
|
Definition
No, it is calculated:
Total cholesterol - HDL - (Triglycerides/5) |
|
|
Term
| How are the new statin guidelines (ATP IV) different from the previous ones (ATP III)? |
|
Definition
| They recommend different intensities of statin therapy based on treatment group, rather than targeting a specific LDL level |
|
|
Term
| How do you manage a patient with known ASCVD? |
|
Definition
Start them on a statin if over 21 years old:
High intensity if age <75
Moderate intensity if age >75 |
|
|
Term
| How to manage pts w/ LDL >190? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How to manage pts w/ diabetes age 40-75 whose LDL is 70-189? |
|
Definition
| Moderate intensity statin, unless 10-yr ASCVD risk is >7.5% --> high intensity |
|
|
Term
| By what percent does moderate intensity statin therapy lower LDL? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| By what percent does high intensity statin therapy lower LDL? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Moderate intensity statin doses? |
|
Definition
• Atorvastatin 10 or 20 mg
• Rosuvastatin 5 or 10 mg
• Simvastatin 20 or 40 mg
• Pravastatin 40 or 80 mg
• Lovastatin 40 mg
• Fluvastatin 40 mg BID |
|
|
Term
| High intensity statin doses? |
|
Definition
Atorvastatin 40* or 80 mg
• Rosuvastatin 20 or 40 mg |
|
|
Term
| High intensity statin therapy lowers MOST patients' LDL to what level? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ASCVD risk calculator overestimates for what ethnic groups? |
|
Definition
| Hispanics & Asian Americans |
|
|
Term
| ASCVD risk calculator underestimates for what ethnic group? |
|
Definition
|
|
