Term
| Primary Sex cords develop from where? |
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Definition
| Gonadal ridge and incorporate primordial germ cells (XY genotype). migrate into gonad from wall of yolk sac. |
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Term
| What two structures proliferate to form the gonadal ridge? |
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Definition
| Coelomic epithelium and underlying mesoderm of urogenital ridge proliferate. |
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Term
| What gene on the Y chromosome codes for testes? |
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Definition
| TDF Testes Determining Factor. |
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Term
| Where do the primary sex cords extend to? |
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Definition
| They extend into the medulla of the gonad and lose their connection with the surface epithelium as the thick tunica albugniea forms. |
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Term
| What primary sex cords form? |
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Definition
| Seminiferous cords, tubuli recti, and rete testes. |
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Term
| What do the sertoli cells secrete when developing? |
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Definition
| MIF (mullerian-inhibiting factor). |
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Term
| What does the mesoderm between the seminiferous cords give rise to? |
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Definition
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Term
| What causes the relative descent of the testes? |
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Definition
| Disproportionate growth of the upper abdominal region. |
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Term
| What structure does the peritoneum form? |
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Definition
| Processus vaginalis. most is later obliterated except at distal end which remains peritoneal sac called tunica vaginalis of testes. |
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Term
| Caudal portions of Paramesonephric ducts develop into what? |
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Definition
| Caudal portions fuse to form uterovaginal primordium. Under influence of MIF, cranial portions of paramesonephric ducts and uterovaginal primordium regress completely |
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Term
| Of the remains of paramesonephric ducts form what? |
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Definition
| They form the appendix testes which may be found in adult male. |
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Term
| What structures do the mesonephric ducts and tubules form? |
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Definition
| They develop int parts of urinary system to help form metanephric kidney. Epididymis, ductus deferens, seminal vesicle, ejaculatory ducts. |
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Term
| What does the phallus form? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do urethral folds form? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the genital swelling form? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the conditions of true intersexuality? |
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Definition
| Individual has both ovarian and testicular tissue ovotestes, histologically and amibuous genitalia. |
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Term
| Female pseudointersexuality |
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Definition
| occurs when individual has only ovarian tissue. caused by congenital adrenal hyperplasia. high androgen |
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Term
| Male pseudointersexuality |
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Definition
| only has testicular tissue. most common cause is inadequate production of testosterone and MIF by fetal testes. |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when primordial germ cells migrate into gonad but degenerate. found in individuals with a 45 X,O. |
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Term
| Complete Androgen Insensitivity |
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Definition
| 46 XY develops testes and female external genitalia with rudimentary vagina. testes in labia majora. normal looking female. |
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Term
| What causes complete androgen insensitivity? |
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Definition
| lack of androgen receptors in the urethral folds and genital swellings. |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when urethral folds fail to fuse completely. external urethral orifice. poorly developed penis called chordee. |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when external urethral orifice opens onto dorsal surface of penis. generally associated with exstrophy of bladder. |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when testes fail to descend into scrotum. bilateral cryptorchidism results in sterility. |
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Term
| Congenital Inguinal Hernia |
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Definition
| when a large patency of processus vaginalis remains open so intestine may herniate into scrotum or labia majora. associated with cryptorchidism. |
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Term
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Definition
| small patency of processus vaginalis remains open so peritoneal fluid can flow through processus vaginalis. |
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Term
| Persistent Mullerian Duct Syndrome |
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Definition
| presencer of uterus and sometimes mullerian duct derivates in a male. |
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Term
| What are typical features of persistent mullerian duct syndrome? |
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Definition
| undescended testes and small underdeveloped uterus in male infant. |
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Term
| What causes Persisten Mullerian Duct Syndrome? |
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Definition
| deficiency of fetal Anti-Mullerian Hormone due to mutations of gene. |
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Term
| What causes infertility in Persisten Mullerian Duct Syndrome? |
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Definition
| wlffian ducts and mullerian ducts develop and intertwine resulting in obstruction or nonpatency of vas deferens or other parts of male excretory ducts. |
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