Term
| Si/Sx of traumatic aortic rupture? |
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Definition
-Chest/back pain
-Harsh systolic murmur
-Upper extremities HTN (pseuocoarctation syndrome)
-Pulse deficit
-Voice changes
-Ischemic pain in legs
-Paraplegia |
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Term
| Which anti-HTN drug can incr. risk of anaphylaxis & may make anaphylaxis difficult to tx? |
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Definition
| β-blockers -add glucagon to tx |
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Term
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Definition
| Viral |Others: bacterial, parasite, kawasaki, giant cell arteritis, sarcoidosis |
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Term
| MCC RV (right ventricle) failure |
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Definition
LV (left ventricle) failure |
Other: Pulmonary art HTN, valvuar dz, restrictive cardiomyopathy, myocarditis |
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Term
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Definition
Venodilation -> ↓preload |↓afterload at incr. dose |
↑coronary blood flow (questionable if CAD present) |
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Term
| DOC for AMI ischemic pain |
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Definition
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Term
| Dilated (congestive) cardiomyopathy |
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Definition
| Dilation of all 4 chambers (ventr > atria) |↑ myocardial mass |Systolic pump failure |
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Term
| Most specific finding for DVT |
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Definition
-unilateral swelling
-pain
-cord
-sup. venour dilatation
-discoloration
-Homan's (+) |
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Term
| Cardiac glycosides, other than digitalis |
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Definition
| Digoxin-long acting | Plants: oleander, lilly of the valley, foxglove, dogbone, redsquill | Animal: boofoc frog |
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Term
| DOC for WPW w/a wide complex SVT |
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Definition
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Term
| Rx C/o for WPW w/ wide complex SVT |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| MC: hypovolemia |Other: hypothermia, hypoxia, tension pneumothorax, cardiac tamponade, AMI, hyperK+, acidosis, PE, O/D (TCA, b-blocker, CCB, digitalis) |
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Term
|
Definition
Major: "SPECs"
S:Subcutaneous nodules
P: Migratory polyartheritis
E: erythema marginatum
C:Carditis; Chorea
Minor:
Fever, arthralgias, Hx of RF, Prolonged PR, Incr. acute phase reactants, (+)ASO titers |
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Term
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Definition
| Limits infarct size -preserves LV fxn -preents aneurysm -reduces mortality -dilates colateral coronaries -increase collateral flow -decrease myocardial O2 demand by decr. preload & LVEDC w/afterload |
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Term
| Most lethal dysrrythmias? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
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Definition
| DALI MUSTACHE: ST seg sagging, prolonged PR, 1st AV BLok, short QT, flat or inverted T-wave |
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Term
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Definition
| •↑ ST: 2,3,avF • ↓ST: I, aVL, V1-V6 *Lo opuesto a Ant. Wall) |
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Term
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Definition
| ST↓ V1,V2 ; Tall R-wave in v1, v2 | ST elevation V8,V9 (post leads) |
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Term
|
Definition
| CAD, LV strain, HTN, SAH or ICH |
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Term
| EKG in hypoMg+ is similar to and asooc w? |
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Definition
| Similar to & assoc w/ ↓K+& ↓Ca2+ |
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Term
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Definition
| Prolonged QT & PR, Wide QRS, ↓ ST, flat or inverted T-waves, PVC's, V-Tach, V-Fib, Torsades |
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Term
| Restrictive cardiomyopathy presents w/? |
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Definition
| Diastolic pump failure, ↓CO |
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Term
| MC presentation acute throracic aortic dissection |
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Definition
| Sudden pain w/maximal intensity at onset |
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Term
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Definition
| AMI (Inf or Ant), Drugs (Dig, Lido, procain, phenytoin, quinidine, BB, CCB), myocarditis, endocarditis, ↑K+, ↑Mg+, hypothermia, congenital conduction defects |
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Term
| DOC ectopic SVT 2 to Dig toxicity |
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Definition
| ✓Dilantin |✓Mg+ *Also Tx for ↓K+ |
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Term
| Inf wall MI increases risk for |
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Definition
| Vagal tone dysrtythmias: sinus brady, 1st AV-Block, Mobits I |
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Term
| Conduction disturbance assoc. w/ Ant. MI assoc. |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Hypovolemia, Hypoxia, Tension Ptx, Cardiac tamponade, TCA O/D |
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Term
| Nipride in CHF / Pulm Edema |
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Definition
| •Venous & afterload dilatation •↓Preload •↓Pulmonaary congestion •↓CO |
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Term
| DOC Ventricular dysrrythmia in pts w/ hyperthropic cardiomyopathy |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
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Definition
| ST ↑ in V3-V4 ; Most ofter assoc. w/AIMI |
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Term
| MCC Mobitz I (Wenckeback) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| ↓K+(<3 mEq); ↑Ca2+; Thyroitoxicosis; Meds: Dig, phenothiazine, quinidine, epi |
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Term
|
Definition
| Dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain |
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Term
|
Definition
| ✶Ischemia; •hypothermia •drug tox •severe elyte dist •blunt chest trauma •meds |
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Term
|
Definition
| Malaise, anorexia, N/V/D, blurred vision, yellow green halos, changes MS: confusion, drowsiness, psychosis |
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Term
| Rx: 1°line (+) inotrope Cardiogenic Shock |
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Definition
| ❑ Dobutamine: 2.5-15 μg/kg/min •Mech β1-β2, ↑CO, Most effectice over 12 mo/age |
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Term
| Rx: Rx:21°line (+) inotrope Cardiogenic Shock |
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Definition
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Term
| AC causes ____ to the heart immediately |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| •Prolonged QT •Terminal T-wave inversion |
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Term
| A-Fib with ______may suggest accessory pathway |
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Definition
| Ventricular rate > 200bpm |
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Term
| Rx: Verapamil & Dig are C/I for _____dysrythmias b/c ____ |
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Definition
| C/I drugs A-Fib & pre-excitation syndrome b/c may cause V-Fib |
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Term
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Definition
| ❑Lidocane ❑Procainamide ❑Bretyllium ❑Mg2+ |
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Term
| MC Digitalis induced rhythm disturbance |
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Definition
| PVC's - often bigeminal & multiform | Others:A-Thac w/Av block, junctional tachy, V-Tach, bidirectional V-tach, V-Fib, Sinus brady, SA & AV nodal blocks |
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Term
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Definition
| •HTN •Ischemia •RA •Thyrotoxicosis •Acute EtOH - Holiday Heart •PE |
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Term
| EKG in Acute Ant. wall MI |
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Definition
| •↑ST I, aVL, V1-V6 • ↓ST II, III, aVF *Lo opuesto a Inf. Wall MI |
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Term
|
Definition
| ❑ Magnesium: 1-2 grm blous, then 1-2 grm/hr ❑Overdride pacer ❑Isuprel (Isoprenaline or Isoproterenol) |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
| Cat 1A (Quinidine, Procainamide, Disopyramide) & 1C (Flecainide, Propafenone, Moricizine) - Na+ channel blockers |
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Term
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Definition
| AMI Ischemis heart Dx, Congestive cardiomyopathy, PE, Myocarditis, Dig, Toxicity, Blunt chest trauma |
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Term
| Pt abx prophylaxis of infective endocarditis |
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Definition
| Prosthetic heart vale, Hx of endocarditis, RHD, Congenital heart dz, IH/Septal hyperthrophy undergoing: I/D, nasal pack, dental w/gingivitis, foley, anoscopy |
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Term
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Definition
| ↓Pain & anxiety, ↓catecholamines, ↓preload &↓afterload =O2 demand |
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Term
| Relative C/O for thrombolytics in AMI |
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Definition
| •CVA/TIA •Active PUD •Diabetic hemorrhagic retinopathy •Recent veniucture in noncompressible vessels •Known bleeding diathesis •Anticoagulant tx (except ASA) •Pronolonged CPR • Sig trauma <2wks •Surgery < 2 mo •Stk or APSAC <12 mo •Left heart thrombus (A-Fb & mitral stenosis) |
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Term
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Definition
| •Dig Toxicity •Methylxanthines •Cocaine •Tob, EtOH, Caff •AMI •↓K, ↓Mg •↓O2 • ↑thyroid •Cardiomytpahty •Myocardial contussion |
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Term
|
Definition
| Osborn J waves, slow rhythm, A-Fib |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| •Inf wall MI •Vagal syncope •Hypothermia •Hypothyroid •β-Block •Sinus node dz •Normal athlete •Dig o/d •Cushing reflex (↑ICP) |
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Term
|
Definition
| •Pre-excitation syndrome •Mitral prolapse-stenosis •AMI •Preicarditis •Dig tox •Hyperthyroid •RHD •Drugs, EtOH, Tobacco, caff. |
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Term
|
Definition
| ✓MC: COPD •CHF •Sepsis •Methylxanthines Tox •Theo tox |
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Term
| DOC acute A-Fib - hemodinamically stable |
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Definition
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|
Term
| DDx sustained junctional rhythm |
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Definition
| •CHF •Myocarditis •↑K ↑Dig Tox |
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Term
|
Definition
| •J-wave/Osborn wave •Bradycardia •↑deflections ↑QRS conductions delays •A-fib slow ventricular response •V-Fib & asystole w/severe hypothermia |
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Term
| Cardiac maneuvers that ↓LV volume |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Cardiac maneuvers that ↑LV volume |
|
Definition
| Passive leg raising, handgrip, squatting |
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Term
|
Definition
• Peaked or symmetrically inverted T-waves
• U-waves
• Prolonged QRS
• Prolonged QT |
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Term
| Anterior Wall MI ↑risk of? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Methylene blue 1% S/N - 0.1 - 0.2 ml/kg IV x 5min |
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Term
| DDx Prolonged QT in a tox pt |
|
Definition
| •Phenothiazines •Lithium •Arsenic •Class IA (Quinidine, Procaina) •Class III (amiodarone, sotalo) •Heterocyclic antidepressants |
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Term
| Clinic of Periocardial tamponade |
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Definition
| ❑Beck's Triad: JVD, ↓BP, Muffled heart sounds •↓PP, ↑CVP >15, Kussmaul's sign (JVD on inspiration), tachycardia |
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Term
| EKG pathognomonic of pericardial tamponade |
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Definition
| Electrical alternans - QRS axis alternates between beats; due to the heart moving in the effusion |
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Term
| Cardiomyopathy req abx prophylaxis |
|
Definition
| Hyperthrophic cardiomyopathy |
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|
Term
| Gold standard for dx thoracic aortic dissection |
|
Definition
| Aortography However, TEE is very sensitive & specific |
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Term
| EKG changes in hypocalcemia |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Contrast venography. However: duplex sono is the initial dx of choicce |
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Term
| Initial Dx test of choice for DVT |
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Definition
| Duplex sono. Gold: contrast venography. |
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Term
| MC sustained tahydysrhythmia |
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Definition
| A-Fib: 2% gen pop, 5% > 60y/o |
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Term
| Type of antiarrhythmic agent that increases risk of asystole |
|
Definition
| 1B: Lidocaine, Phenytoin, Mexiletine |
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